Objective To research the microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Glechoma longituba. Methods In present study, the processes of extraction of polysaccharides from Glechoma longituba by water bath and microwave-assisted extraction were optimized using orthogonal test, and the two methods were compared. Results The optimal process of water bath extraction was as follows:liquid-solid ratio 50∶1, time 180 min, temperature 90 ℃ and pH 8. 0. The optimal parameters of microwave-assisted extraction were liquid-solid ratio 30∶1, top microwave power, time 4 min, and pH 8.0. The yield of polysaccharides from Glechoma longituba by microwave-assisted and water bath methods was (4.58±0.09)% and (3.09±0.12)%, respectively, and the yield of microwave-assisted method was elevated by 48.2% compared with that of water bath extraction. Conclusion The microwave-assisted extraction of polysaccharides from Glechoma longituba not only improves the yield, but also reduces the extract volume, saves energy and time.

OBJECTIVETo study the antagonism of Zn-metallothionein (Zn-MT) to oxidative stress of rats with severe scalding after delayed resuscitation.

METHODS27 Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control; burn with delayed fluid resuscitation group; and Zn-MT protected group. The rats were scalded with 30% total body surface area (TBSA) third degree burn. Four hours after injury, they were resuscitated, but Zn-MT (1 x 10(-5) mol/L) was given in the third group rats. 24 hours after they were scalded, blood was taken, RBCs were separated and labeled with electron spin resonance (ESR) spin label 3-maleimido-proxy l to detect membrane protein conformation. The serum was collected and added into the reaction system of xanthine, xanthine oxidase and ESR spin trap 5, 5-dimethylpyroline-N-oxide to assay the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) by ESR.

RESULTSThe ratios of strong solidity and weak solidity of RBC membrane proteins in the three groups were 0.352 +/- 0.043, 0.409 +/- 0.027, and 0.386 +/- 0.062 respectively, and the revolved times of membrane proteins were 1.300 +/- 0.210, 1.576 +/- 0.190 and 1.381 +/- 0.210 seconds respectively. Compared to the first group, the membrane protein conformation in the second group was changed remarkably, and the speed of membrane protein movement decreased significantly. However, those changes were alleviated obviously by Zn-MT. The SOD levels in serum of the three groups rats were 73.2% +/- 1.4%, 48.8% +/- 3.8% and 66.8% +/- 3.2% respectively. Compared to the normal control group, the SOD levels in serum of the second group decreased obviously. However, an excess of oxygen free radicals produced after injury could be scavenged by Zn-MT.

CONCLUSIONRBC membrane proteins of rats with severe scalding after delayed resuscitation were injured by oxygen free radicals produced after injury, and Zn-MT could alleviate this injury.

Animals ; Burns ; enzymology ; therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Erythrocyte Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Metallothionein ; pharmacology ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Zinc ; pharmacology

We reported a case of microcephaly-capillary malformation(MIC-CAP)caused by STAMBP gene variant,in order to improve the clinical diagnosis and treatment.The patient is a 3-month-old male with recurrent convulsions and the main clinical manifestations are multiple forms of seizures,microcephaly,multiple small capillary malformations in the skin,and generalized hypotonia.The genetic test showed that a heterozygous variant in the STAMBP gene was present in the child.Both parents were heterozygous carriers.He was administrated various anti-seizure medications and ketogenic diet,but still had frequent seizures.He then underwent corpus callosotomy,and was followed up until he was 4 years and 10 months old.The post operational outcome was grade IV on Engel's classification.Based on the clinical data of 22 patients in literature,in addition to severe psychomotor retardation,microcephaly,and cutaneous capillary malformations,early-onset drug-refractory epilepsy is also a major feature of MIC-CAP syndrome,which is clinically rare and has a poor prognosis;Callosotomy may help to reduce seizures in the short term.However,the long-term outcome is poor.STAMBP gene is the main responsible gene for this syndrome.