Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of p53, ki-67 proteins and clinicopathology of human thyroid carcinoma. Methods Using SP immunohistochemical methods, the expression of p53 and ki-67 proteins was detected in 55 cases of thyroid carcinoma. Result The positive rate of p53 protein expression was 52 7%(29/55) and ki-67 proliferative index was(11 07?3 84)% in the thyroid carcinoma. The positive rate of p53 protein expression and ki-67 proliferative index increased with the decrease of the pathological grade, and the increase of lymph node metastasis and capsule invasion. Conclusion The abnormal expression of p53 and ki-67 proteins might play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of thyroid carcinoma. It has an important clinical value for early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation and proper treatment of thyroid carcinoma to determine the expression of p53 and ki-67 proteins simultaneously.