The research and development and competition situation of global wearable blood pressure measuring device technologies covered in Thomson Innovation Patents Database and Patents Retrieval System of State Intellec-tual Property Office were analyzed by statistical analysis, clustering analysis, citation analysis, similarity matrix a-nalysis and literature analysis respectively with Thomson data analyzer, which showed that cuffless blood pressure measuring device technology is the hotspot.

Objective To investigate the influence of six-minute walking training on autonomic nerve function in patients having chronic heart failure.Methods Eighty chronic heart failure patients with heart function Ⅱ-Ⅲ grade were divided into training group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases) by random digits table method.Patients in two groups were treated with conventional anti heart failure drug.Patients in training group insisted six-minute walking training twice a day on the basis of the conventional treatment.Changes of the index of heart function,heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate deceleration force (DC) before and after treatment were tested in two groups.Results After treatment,the cardiac function in training group and control group was significantly improved (P ＜ 0.05).The indexes of HRV and DC in two groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the indexes of HRV and DC in training group were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Six-minute walking training in patients having chronic heart failure can significantly improve the autonomic nerve function,which is an effective and safe rehabilitation exercise for patients having chronic heart failure.

Objective:To study the cytotoxicity of PHEMA /CPC composite hydrogel.Methods:L929 cells were cultured by RP-MI1 640 with 1 0% fetal bovine serum(blank control),with PHEMA /CPC extraction(experimental group),high density polyethy-lene(HDPE)extracts(negative control)and 5% DMSO(positive control)for 24,48 and 72 h respectively.The cell proliferation was examined by MTT assay.Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and Annexin V-FITC /PI kit.Results:The A value of positive control group decreased with the increase of culture time(P <0.01 )(between experimental and negative control groups,P>0.05).The cytotoxicity of the experimental group was grade Ⅰ.That of other groups increased with the increase of culture time. Cell apoptosis(%)in PHEMA /CPC composite hydrogel group and blank group was 4.21 ±0.30 and 4.89 ±0.39 respectively(P>0.05).Conclusion:Injectable PHEMA /CPC composite hydrogel has no cytotoxicity and no effect on cell apoptosis.

Objective: To investigate the antimotion sickness effects of ginsenosides combined with dexamethasone in rats. Methods: Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal saline, scopolamine-treated, ginsenosides-treated, dexamethasone-treated and ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated groups. There were 10 rats in each group. The rats in each group were fed with corresponding ingredients respectively, and then the rats were exposed to abnormal acceleration for one hour. The motion sickness index, the level of kaolin consumption and the course and time of spontaneous activity were observed. Results: The motion sickness index and the level of kaolin consumption of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group were significantly lower than those in normal saline group. And the course and time of spontaneous activity of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group were significantly higher than those in normal saline group. The level of body weight increment of acceleration-exposed rats in ginsenosides plus dexamethasone-treated group was significantly higher than that in dexamethasone-treated group. Conclusion: Ginsenosides combined with dexamethasone can significantly increase tolerance to acceleration of rats, and the drug combination can decrease side effects of methylprednisolone, such as body weight loss.

Objective To investigate awareness of definition, diagnostic criteria, severity classification and standard diagnosis and treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among primary-care physicians at the grassroots in urban and suburban Shanghai.Methods In total, 298 physicians were surveyed by unified questionnaire for COPD-related knowledge in two secondary-care general hospitals (one in urban and suburban areas each ) and 12 community primary-care centers (four in urban and eight in suburban areas) in Shanghai.One hundred and fifteen physicians in two urban hospitals and one suburban hospital were trained professionally and then evaluated for its effectiveness.Results Awareness of diagnostic criteria of COPD was only 22.4% (35/156), 25.6% ( 10/39), 4.3 % (3/69)and 26.5% (9/34) among physicians in urban primary-care hospitals, urban secondary-care hospitals,suburban primary-care hospitals and suburban secondary-care hospitals, respectively.Their awareness of knowledge about use of anti-cholinergic agents was 13.5 % (21/156), 35.9 % ( 14/39), naught (0/69),and 14.7 % ( 5/34 ), respectively.Only 0.67 % of them ( 2/298 ) knew about severity classification of COPD.Awareness of definition and diagnostic criteria for COPD in the physicians increased to 72.2 % ( 83/115) after training from 18.2% (21/115) before it, and their awareness of severity classification for COPD increased to 45.2% (52/115) after training from 0.8 % (1/115) before it.Conclusions Awareness of COPD-related knowledge, especially of standard diagnosis and treatment for COPD, was poor in primary-care physicians at the grassroots in Shanghai, so it is necessary to strengthen training for them in COPD-related knowledge, including pulmonary function tests.

Objective To establish and apply the procedure of survey on quality indicator in clinical laboratory and to analyze the status in quo of the 15 quality indicators in Zhejiang province .Methods A network platform for the survey on quality indicator in clinical laboratory was designed and developed by our center.The online questionnaires that should be reported back within one month were assigned to 473 laboratories.The developed software and SPSS 13.0 were used for statistical analysis .13 indicators expressed in rate were further evaluated with sigma scales .The 25th percentile, 50th percentile, and 75th percentile of the distribution of each quality indicator were regarded as the minimum , appropriate and optimum quality specifications, respectively.Results Totally 444 laboratories submitted the survey results.The overall sigma levels of 10/13 indicators were all >3, of which the inappropriate CV of internal quality control and unacceptable performances in EQA were still less than 3σin 15.8%and 9.2%of the laboratories.The rates of quality indicators in different scales of laboratories and diverse disciplines were significantly different .Pre-analytical TAT in routine examination for clinical chemistry and immunology was 50 min, on average.And the time for routine examination of blood , urine and stool was 30 min.Pre-analytical TAT in emergency examination for all four disciplines were all between 10 and 15 min. Intra-analytical TAT for clinical immunology was the longest , which was 154 min for routine examination and 40 min for emergency examination, respectively.The optimum quality specifications for 8 indicators were 6σ, while the minimum quality specifications were less than 1σfor 4 indicators.Conclusions According to the results of our survey, the pre-analytical quality indicator perform better than that of Intra-analytical and post-analytical phase.The laboratory should strengthen the laboratory information system technology construction to ensure the reliable data collection and long-time monitoring.

Objective To investigate an evaluation program for external quality assessment ( EQA) of quality indicators ( QIs) and develop a software .Methods According to GB/T 27043-2012 ( ISO/IEC 17043:2010,IDT) mode 3, 28 provincial centers for clinical Laboratories were organized by National Center for Clinical Laboratories to launch an investigation on “QIs in clinical laboratory” with the use of Clinet-EQA online .Participants were asked to collect data of April 2014 and report related results online .Mean, median, the 5 th, 25 th, 75 th and 95 th percentiles of defectpercentages for biochemistry , immunology, blood and body fluid and microbiology were calculated , respectively .Sigma values were also calculated . Meanwhile , 25 th of sigma value and 75 th of defect percentages were chosen as preliminary quality specifications for each QI so that laboratories can evaluate related process quality .Results Take incorrect sample type rates for example , 4 771 laboratories were involved in this study .Among four subjects , incorrect sample type rates were lowest (0.01%, 6σ) for immunology tests, followed by blood and body fluids tests (0.06%, 4.7σ) and biochemistry tests (0.06%, 4.7σ), and were highest for microbiology tests (0.33%, 4.2σ).Evaluation reports will besent back to participants so that they can understand national , provincial , and their own sigma levels well .Preliminary quality specifications of incorrect sample type for biochemistry, immunology, blood and body fluid, and microbiology tests were 0.08% (4.6σ), 0.03%(5σ), 0.09%(4.6σ) and 0.43%(4.1σ), respectively.Conclusion Clinical laboratories were advised to establish and monitor suitable QIs within laboratory and participate in QIs EQA schemes , thus they can improve their quality continuously .

OBJECTIVETo identify products decomposed in high temperature water and alcohol from diester alkaloids such as aconitum alkaloid, in order to study their transformation regularity.

METHODStructures of multiple converted products were determined by analyzing on multistage mass spectrometry of known compounds and literature searching.

RESULTBenzaconine and pyraconitine were the major hydrolysates, while pyraconitine and ethoxy-aconitine were the major alcoholysates from diester alkaloids.

CONCLUSIONPyraconitine alkaloids, as pyrolytic products, are not related to the type of solvent. 8-ethoxy-aconitine alkaloids, as alcoholysates, are related to the type of solvent. This study identifies multiple converted products from alkaloids and summarizes mass spectrometry fragmentation regularity by LC-MS, laying a firm foundation for studies on the transformation of toxic diester alkaloids contained in aconitum and providing a basis for studies on the transformation of alkaloids contained in aconitum during boiling.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship among dream threat level,life events and childhood trauma in obsessive-compulsive patients.Methods 59 obsessive-compulsive patients and 57 healthy controls were tested with Dream Threat Questionnaire (DTQ),Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ( CTQ ) and Life Events Scale (LES).The dream threat level were compared between the two groups,and correlation and regression analysis were used to research the relationship of the variables for patients’ data.ResultsCompared with the healthy controls,patients had significantly higher DTQ score ( 1.40 ± 2.23 vs 3.31 ± 3.04,P ＜ 0.01 ),CTQ total score (34.21 ± 8.47 vs 43.02 ± 10.78,P ＜ 0.01 ),LES total score ( 16.88 ± 16.42 vs 45.39 ± 46.01,P ＜ 0.01 ) and its negtive life events subscore ( 14.14 ± 14.61 vs 39.56 ± 42.94,P ＜ 0.01 ).Correlation analysis showed that dream threat level,negative life events and childhood trauma were significantly positively correlated each other( r =0.326 ～0.402,P ＜ 0.05 ～0.01 ).Regression analysis indicated that childhood trauma directly predicted dream threat level (β =0.104,P ＜ 0.05 ) and completely mediated the relationship between negative life events and dream threat level.ConclusionObsessive-compulsive patients have higher dream threat level,more childhood trauma experience and life events.Childhood trauma experience is a significant factor influencing dream threat level,and as a complete mediation by which life events influence dream threat level.

Objective To understand the successive dynamic change of population structure of Oncomelania hupensis during a one-year period,so as to provide the evidence for snail control. Methods A river beach and a ditch infested with O. hupensis snails were selected and longitudinally investigated in the midmonth during one year. The snail survey indices included the sur-vival status,gender,number of whorls,length and width of shell,and gonad development status(measured by the color depth of gonad and the length ratio of gonad to liver),and the monthly snail eggs in the soil were collected and counted simultaneous-ly. In addition,the temperature and humidity of the soil and the daily data of air temperature and precipitation were measured or collected during the study period(every month). Results Both survival rate of snails and live snail density at the two environ-ments were positively correlated with the temperatures of air and soil. With a slight bimodal distribution ,the snail survival rate peaked from May to June,and in September. The living snail densities got the highest level in July and September in the river beach,and from April to May in the ditch. The regression equations of snail length(L)and width(W)were Lbeach = 2.355 +1.678W(F=2989.43,P<0.01)and Lditch=0.478+2.091W(F=2.989.43,P<0.01),respectively. The snails were the ones with 4.07-11.81 mm in the length(8.98 ± 0.92)mm in the river beach,and the snails were the ones with 3.63-9.92 mm in the length(7.03 ± 0.82)mm in the ditch. The main snails were the ones with five to eight whorls of shell in the river beach and four to seven whorls of shell in the ditch. The proportions of snails with less than or equal to five whorls(in the river beach)and four (in the ditch)were the highest in May and September,about 20％. The ratios of male and female snails were 1.66 in the river beach and 1.22 in the ditch,respectively. The gonad development status of male and female snails was basically synchronous and had a bimodal abundance period-from April to May and September to October. The numbers of snail eggs in the soil among months were significantly different,reaching the highest in June in the river beach(100.8/0.1 m2),and May in the ditch(82.5/0.1 m2). Conclusion The principal periods of breeding and alternation of generations of snails are April-May and September-October every year,which should also be the optimal time for mollusciciding in schistosomiasis susceptible zones.