Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture on serum insulin (INS) levels and gastric antral cholecystokinin (CCK) content in rats with diabetic gastroparesis (DGP).Methods Sixty SD rats were randomized into groups A, B, C, D and E, 12 rats each. Group A is a normal control. A DGP model was made by an intraperitoneal injection of 2% streptozocin (STZ) plus an irregular high sugar and fat diet in groups B, C, D and E. group B is a model one and did not receive treatment. Group C received electroacupuncture at points Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Liangmen; group D, electroacupuncture at the control points of Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Liangmen. Group C, an oral gavage of metoclopramide tablet solution. Blood sugar and urine sugar were determined using a OneTouch lood glucose meter and Tes-Tape, respectively. The gastric emptying rate and the intestinal migration rate were measured by an oral gavage of phenol red. Serum INS levels and gastric antral CCK content were measured by ELISA in every group of rats before and after treatment.Results There were statistically significant differences in blood and urine sugar values between group B, C, D or E rats and group A (P<0.01) and between group C rats and group B or E (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the gastric emptying rate between group B, C, D or E rats and group A (P<0.01) and between group C rats and group B or D (P<0.01,P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the intestinal migration rate between group B or D rats and group A (P<0.01) and between group C rats and group B or D (P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in serum INS levels and gastric antral CCK content between groups B and A rats (P<0.05,P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in gastric antral CCK content between groups D and A rats (P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences in serum INS levels and gastric antral CCK content between groups C or E rats and group B (P<0.05,P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in gastric antral CCK content between groups C and D rats (P<0.05).Conclusions Electroacupuncture can markedly improve gastrointestinal functions and promote gastric emptying in DGP rats. Its therapeutic effect may be related to electroacupuncture raising serum INS levels and reducing gastric antral CCK content.

Objective To evaluate the effects of a single preoperative dose of gabapentin on buprenorphine patient controlled intravenous analgesia after modified radical mastectorny. Methods Sixty female patients,ASA physical starus Ⅰ and Ⅱ undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia were divided into two groups of 30 each group by random digits table to receive either gabapentin 1200 mg (gabapentin group) or a matching placebo (control group), administered orally 2 h before the induction of anesthesia. Subjects received patient controlled intravenous buprenorphi(n)e analgesia during thepostoperative period. Fifty-three patients finished this study, 28 cases in control group,25 cases in gabapentin group. Postoperative pain (static and dynamic),postoperative nausea and vomiting,anxiety,sedation were assessed by pain visual analogue scale(VAS), four-point ordinal scale, anxiety visual analogue scale, Ramsay sedation scale respectively. Postoperative buprenorphine consumption and time to first patient controlled analgesia were observed. Results Postoperative VAS (static and dynamic) was lower in gabapentin group than that in control group (P ＜0.05). Postoperative buprenorphine consumption was (506.1 ±37.9)μg , time to first patient controlled analgesia was (21.1 ±2.3)min,incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 40.0% (10/25), antemetic rate was 12.0% (3/25), grade of anxiety was (28.5 ± 12.1) scores in gabapentin group, (699.8 ± 87.8)μ g, (4.3 ±0.8) min,64.3% (18/28),32.1%(9/28) and (66.3±15.7) scores in control group respectively. There were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion A single preoperative oral dose of gabapentin 1200 mg can effectively attenuate postoperative pain,reduce the consumption of buprenorphine,decrease the incidence rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting,improve patients' anxiety in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia.