Objective To detect the relationship between the pathological degrees of chronic cholecystitis and coincident diseases. Method The pathological degree was divided into mild,moderate and severe degree according to the pathological changes in 442 cases of chronic cholecystitis,and the proliferation of mucosa cell was detected by SP immunohistochemical staining in 105 cases. Results The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma in the mild chronic cholecystitis were 65.0%,17.1% and 0.5%, respectively. The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma and malignant neoplasms in the moderate chronic cholecystitis were 70.1%, 19.4%, 3.7% and 2.2%. The coincident calculus, polyp, adenoma and malignant neoplasms in the severe chronic cholecystitis were 88.0%, 26.4%, 24.2% and 9.9%. The positive expression rates of PCNA in mild, moderate and severe chronic cholecystitis were 12.3%, 17.5% and 38.7%, respectively. The results showed that the pathological degree of chronic cholecystitis was obviously related to the coincidence of calculus, polyp, adenoma, malignant neoplasms. Conclusions Severe chronic cholecystitis is a high-risk lesion of gallbladder carcinoma,it should be removed surgically.