OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of utilizing self-designed score system for lower lumbar vertebral burst fractures to select surgical approach.

METHODSFrom January 2006 to December 2011, the clinical data of 56 patients with lower lumbar vertebra burst fractures who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. There were 42 males and 14 females with an average age of 43.1 years old (ranged, 19 to 65). Causes of injury included falling down (40 cases), traffic accidents (12 cases), and crashing injury by heavy objects(4 cases). Injury site was L3 in 37 cases, L4 in 16 cases, and L5 in 3 cases. According to the AO classification, 17 cases were type A3.1, 14 cases were type A3.2, 25 cases were type A3.3. According to Frankel grade of nerous function, 2 cases were grade B, 5 cases were grade C, 9 cases were grade D and 40 cases were grade E. Surgical methods and approaches were chosen based on the comprehensive evaluation of AO classification, condition of posterior column injury and spinal canal encroachment. Surgical methods and approaches included trans-vertebra fixation (15 cases), intra-vertebra pedicle screw fixation (21 cases), combination of anterior and posterior approaches (11 cases), one-stage posterior approaches (9 cases). Cobb angles, restorations of the affected vertebral anterior border height, and conditions of spinal canal encroachment were compared before and after surgery. Conditions of bone graft fusion and internal fixation (if bending, loosening or breakage existed) were observed. Spinal cord functions were assessed according to Frankel grade. Localized pain and working status of patients were also assessed at the last follow-up.

RESULTSNo incision infection was found and no spinal nerve symptoms improved in all of 56 patients. All patients were followed up for 12 to 60 months with a mean of 28.5 months, without internal fixation loosening or breakage. There was significant differences in Cobb angle, vertebral anterior border height and recovery of spinal canal encroachment between preoperative and postoperative instantly (P < 0.05), however, there was no significant difference between postoperative instantly and final follow-up (P > 0.05). Thirteen cases obtained fusion by trans-vertebra fixation, 20 cases obtained fusion by intra-vertebra fixation, and 20 cases were treated by the combination of anterior and posterior approaches or one-stage posterior approaches all of patients obtained fusion. Spinal nervous function recovered I to II grade, 1 case was grade C, 3 cases were grade D, 52 cases were grade E. Localized pain was assessed as P1 in 52 cases, P2 in 3 cases, and P3 in 1 case. Working status was classified into W1 in 12 cases, W2 in 39 cases, and W3 in 5 cases.

CONCLUSIONThe lower lumbar vertebra and thoracolumbar junction exhibit different injury characteristics due to variations in anatomy and biomechanics. A comprehensive score of the AO classification, posterior column injury and degree of spinal canal encroachment will guide the selection of surgical method and approach for the treatment of lower lumbar vertebra burst fractures.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; methods

OBJECTIVETo build three-dimensional (3-D) visible model for surgical treatment of infection of fascial spaces of hand.

METHODSSerial thin cross-sections (0.2 mm) of hand were made by cryomicrotome, and the thin cross-sections of metacarpal parts were observed. A personal computer was employed to reconstruct 3-D model of metacarpal fascial space.

RESULTSThe shapes, locations and adjacent relations of the mid-palmar space, thenar space and metacarpal bones were displayed clearly from computerized 3-D model, which could be the cross-reference of the cross-sections expediently.

CONCLUSIONThe computerized 3-D reconstruction of metacarpal fascial spaces can provide some guidance for surgical treatment of infection and other diseases of metacarpal fascial spaces.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional ; Hand ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pharmacokinetic and distribution character of scutellarin in plasma and tissues in rats, in order to provide some references for rational drug use in the clinic.

METHODThe solution of scutellarin was administered to rats (80 mg x kg(-1)) by oral gavage. A high performance liquid chromatography method determinated the scutellarin concentration in rat plasma and tissue. The plasma samples were performed by solid phase extraction method. The other biological samples were extracted by ethyl acetate.

RESULTThe range of scutellarin in plasma and tissue in rats were 10-1280 ng x mL(-1) (R2 > 0.99), 40-1280 ng x g(-1) (R2 > 0.99), respectively. The lowest detection of scutellarin were 10 ng x mL(-1) and 40 ng x g(-1), the precision were less than 8%. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of scutellarin were as follows: tmax, Cmax, AUC and MRT being (7.7 +/- 0.9) h, (288.0 +/- 75.2) microg x L(-1), (5.6 +/- 1.6) microg x mL(-1) x h(-1), (17.5 +/- 1.4) h(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThese methods applied the study of pharmacokinetics of scutellarin. After oral the scutellarin in rats, the concentration-time course doesn't obey any compartment model. The concentration-time curve is the double peaks.

Animals ; Apigenin ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Female ; Glucuronates ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Distribution

AIMTo explore the effects of different temperature and time on preservation damages in liquid blood.

METHODSTake blood sample from 10 healthy blood donors, put the fresh blood into CP2D-A liquid at 0 degrees C and 4 degrees C, and take the samples after 1 week, 2 weeks and 3 weeks, and then measured the contents of GSH-Px, TSH, LPO, the contracting protein of RBC, and membrane fluidity.

RESULTSAt the same temperature, when the preservation time is prolonged, peroxidation is increased, the preservation damages are also augmented; the damages are declined when the temperature is lower during the same period, the aging of blood was more evident at 4 degrees C.

CONCLUSIONBlood peroxidation temperature is lower. The 0 degrees C group is better than 4 degrees C group.

Adult ; Blood Preservation ; methods ; Cold Temperature ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Time Factors

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hepatolenticular Degeneration ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the differences between the sequences of papA and papG of UPECA030 strain and the related genes, to better understand the genetic variation of UPEC4030 papA and its combination forms with papG so as to identify if it was a new genotype. Methods Cloning and sequencing methods were used to analyze the sequences of papG and papA of UPEC4030 strain and to compare their related sequences. Results Through sequence analysis of papA, it was revealed that there was a 722 bp gene,encoding 192 amino acid polypeptide. The overall homology of the papa genes between UPEC4030 and the standard strains of ten F types were 36.11%-77.95 % and 22.20%-78.34% at nueleotide and deduced amino acid levels. Homology between the sequences of reverse primers and the corresponding sequence of UPEC4030 papA was 10.00%-66.67%. The results confirmed that UPECA030 strain contained a novel papA variant. Through sequence analysis of UPEC4030 papG, we revealed a 1100 bp gene, encoding 337 amino acid polypeptide. The homology of the papG genes between UPEC4030 and UPEC IA2, the standard strain, was 99.00 % at nucleotide level and 99.11% at deduced amino acid and UPEC4030 strain carried class I] genotype of papG. Conclusion UPEC4030 strain contained an unknown papA variant or the new genotype and carried class II genotype of papG. The pathogenic mechanism and epidemiology call for further study.

OBJECTIVETo describe the brief survey of alcohol intake and the incidence of alcohol liver disease in Zhejiang province.

METHODS18,237 requested persons aged over 18 years were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling in Zhejiang province. Questionnaire about alcohol consumption, hepatic ultrasonic scan and detection of hepatic enzymes and markers of HBV and HCV were carried out. Daily alcohol intake more than 40g (including equal to 40g/d) was essential for the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease.

RESULTSAmong the 18,237 persons (male 12,042, female 6195), the average daily alcohol intake was (17.7 +/- 27.2) g. The incidence of alcoholic liver disease in Zhejiang province was 4.34% (male 6.36%, female 0.36%) in the whole population. Four subtypes were separated as alcoholic cirrhosis, alcoholic fat liver, alcoholic hepatitis and mild alcoholic injury in liver with the corresponding incidence of 0.68%, 0.94%, 1.51% and 1.21% separately.

CONCLUSIONAlcoholic liver disease is found to be a common disease in Zhejiang province, indicating an urgent need for the public education on alcohol abuse and the treatment on related health problems

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Collection ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic ; epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic features of primary breast lymphoma (PBL) and to discuss the diagnosis of the tumor.

METHODSTwenty-one cases of PBL with follow up data were clinically reviewed. The histologic diagnosis of the tumor was based on the updated WHO Classification of tumors of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (2008). Immunohistochemistry was performed by SP method and antibodies selected were as follows: CD20, CD3epsilon, CD10, Bcl-6, MUM-1, CD5, Bcl-2, CD23, CD10, cyclin D1, CD43 and Ki67.

RESULTS(1) All 21 patients were female and the median age of patients was 48 years. The right and the left breasts were involved in 11 (52.4%) and 10 patients (47.6%), respectively. According to Ann Arbor staging system, 20 cases were stage I-II (95.2%), and the remaining case was stage IV (4.8%). For the international prognostic index (IPI), 19 cases were score 0-1, and 2 cases were score 2-3. For ECOG score, 19 cases were 0, and the remaining 2 cases were 1. (2) Histologically, all 21 cases (100%) were DLBCL. Immunohistochemically, the frequency of antigen expression was as follows: CD20 (100%), MUM-1 (14/21, 66.7%), bcl-6 (5/21, 23.8%), CD10 (0), bcl-2 (13/21, 61.9%), CD5 (1/21, 4.8%); Ki-67 index: 10 cases (47.6%) were less than 59%, with the expression of seven cases (33.3%) being 60% - 89%, and more than 90% in the remaining four cases (19.1%). The median Ki-67 index was 60%. All the cases were considered non germinal center B-cell-like type of DLBCL. (3) Follow-up data was available in 64% of the cases. One, two and five-year survival rates were 11 cases, 7 cases and 3 cases, respectively.

CONCLUSIONAll the cases of PBL in the current study were DLBCL, non germinal center B-cell-like type, and a diagnosis of PBL can only be established after excluding breast involvement in systemic lymphoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Mastectomy, Radical ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the relation between serum vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and liver cirrhosis.

METHODSA nested case control study was designed based on the Nutrition Intervention Trial (NIT) cohort, from which non-degraded serum samples and complete baseline and follow-up data were available for 282 individuals diagnosed with liver cirrhosis and 564 healthy controls. The serum samples were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect and quantify 25(OH)D, as well as hepatitis B virus surface antigen and core antibody and hepatitis C virus antibody. The study participants were divided into four groups according to quartile range of 25(OH)D concentration and logistic regression modeling was used to evaluate the relation with liver cirrhosis risk by estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

RESULTSThe liver cirrhosis group had a significantly lower concentration of 25(OH)D than the control group (median and quartile range in nmol/L, cases: 15.3 and 13.8; controls: 20.2 and 16.6; t = 5.169, P = 0.002). When the first interval was set as the reference level, the ORs(95% CIs) of the second, third, and fourth intervals were: 0.495(0.333 - 0.736), 0.452(0.303 - 0.675), and 0.349(0.231- 0.527). After adjusting the analysis for the presence of pathogenic-related confounding factors, the ORs(95% CIs) of the second, third, and fourth intervals were: 0.499(0.328 - 0.759), 0.427(0.278 - 0.654), and 0.344(0.222-0.532). The 25(OH)D level was inversely correlated with risk of liver cirrhosis (Chi2 = 25.200, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONRisk of liver cirrhosis increases as 25(OH)D serum concentration decreases. Vitamin D might function as a protective factor against development of cirrhosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Vitamin D ; blood

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of XRCC1 gene to hereditary susceptibility of colorectal cancer.

METHODSXRCC1 genotypes in 124 colorectal cancer patients and 214 matched healthy people as control were analyzed by SnaP Shot SNP-typing technique. Five different inheritance models including codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant and log-additive were analyzed using logistic regression model. The haplotype distribution was estimated with phase and its correlation with the risk of colorectal cancer was evaluated.

RESULTSThe frequencies of mutant 25487G-A, 25489C-T and 1799782C-T alleles were 0.20, 0.11, 0.32 respectively in the patients, and 0.23, 0.13, 0.34 in the controls. There was no significant correlation of polymophisms of XRCC1 gene to the risk of colorectal cancer in 5 different inheritance models (P>0.05). GCT, GCC, ACC and GTC were the most common haplotypes and the odds ratios were 1, 1.35, 0.90 and 0.84 respectively. There was no significant difference of distribution between 2 groups in haplotypes.

CONCLUSIONPolymorphisms of XRCC1 gene, including rs25487, rs25489, rs1799782, are not associated with to the risk of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1