Objective To investigate the the effect and interaction of morphine dependence model and naloxone doses on withdrawal intensity. Methods To observe the withdrawal signs and weight loss in two kinds of morphine dependent rats after the precipitating by naloxone of different doses an devaluate the withdrawal intensity.Results Morphine dependence were successfully induced in two ways.There was no significant difference of withdrawal intensity in five-day model(total morphine dose 380mg.kg－1) after precipitating by naloxone of 2mg.kg－1 and 4mg.kg－1（P＞0.05）. Withdrawal intensity of twelve-day model(total morphine dose 1365mg.kg－1)increased significantly with the increase of naloxone dose（P＜0.01）,but it was more intensive significantly than five-day model only after 4mg.kg－1 dose of naloxone. Conclusion Appropriate method should be used to induce morphine dependence and these experimental factors should be combined in assessment of withdrawal intensity.

AIM:To observed the variation regularity of corneal endothelial cells in patients with different diabetes duration after phacoemulsification, and investigate the effects of diabetes and its disease duration on corneal endothelial cells.
METHODS: Ninety-seven ( 135 eyes ) cataract patients with diabetes were selected randomly and divided into GroupⅠ( which diabetes duration ≥10a) and GroupII(which diabetes duration <10a) according to their disease duration. Additionally 62 (89 eyes) age-related cataract patients were randomly selected as the control group. The corneal endothelial cell density ( CD ) , proportion of hexagonal cell and coefficient of variation ( CV ) in the three group patients were measured respectively before phacoemulsification and after surgery. And the measurement results were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS:The corneal endothelial CD and proportion of hexagonal cell in the three group were decreased after surgery compared with preoperative. But the CV of corneal endothelial cells was increased on the 1 st wk and in 1st mo after surgery compared with the preoperative. The difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). The corneal endothelial CD and proportion of hexagonal cell in the two diabetic groups were lower than the control group after surgery. However, the CV of corneal endothelial cells was higher than the control group. The difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ) . There was no significant difference in the corneal endothelial CD, proportion of hexagonal cell and CV between the two diabetic groups before phacoemulsification (P>0. 05). The proportion of hexagonal cell in Group Ⅰ was lower than which in GroupIIafter surgery. While the CV was higher than which in Group II. The difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification has some damage on the corneal endothelial. Since the impact of diabetes on the morphology and function of corneal endothelial cell was related to the diabetic duration. So phacoemulsification has more obvious damage on the corneal endothelial in diabetic patients. And the diabetic duration was longer, the damage on the corneal endothelial in phacoemulsification was more easily.

Objective To explore the effect of celecoxib on proliferation and apoptosis of the glioma cells. Methods The glioma cell U251 was used and disposed with different densities of celecoxib (0 μmol/L, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 40 μmol/L and 80 μmol/L) for 24 h, 48h and 72 h. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect the tumor cell proliferation and flow cytometry was used to detect the tumor cell apoptosis rate. Results The Glioma U251 cells proliferation were significantly decreased with the increase of density of celecoxib in vitro, and there was significant difference in the inhibited rate in different density and different time (P<0.05). The apoptosis rate was higher in the density of 80 μmol/L (17.86%) than in that of 0 μmol/L (11.23%) (P<0.05). Conclusion Celecoxib can inhabit the proliferation of glioma U251 cells, and promote the apoptosis especially with the density of 80 μmol/L.

Objective To study the methods and outcome of 71 patients with Parkinson's disease treated with microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy. Method Pallidal and thalamal target sites are chosen by supervision of microelectrode recording technique in 71 patients with Parkinson's disease. The UPDRS motor score was used to evaluate the outcomes 12 weeks before and after operation Result After 12 months follow-up, tremor disappeared completely or nearly completely in 12 patients who underwent unilateral and l bilateral ventrolateral thalamotomy. Dramatic improvement of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia were observed in 57 patients underwent posteroventral pallidotomy,including 6 underwent bilateral posteroventral pallidotomy. Intracerebral hemorrhage was observed in l patient. Conclusion Microelectrode-guided stereotactic pallidotomy and thalamotomy are effective in treatmenting Parkinson's disease, but with serious complications

Objective To investigate the expression of S100A11 protein in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its association with clinical and pathological characteristics.Methods The expressions of S100A11 protein in 112 NSCLC tumor tissues (group A), tumor-adjacent tissues (group B) and 10 normal lung tissues (group C) were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.The association of S100A11 expression with clinical pathological characteristics was analyzed.Results The percentage of the cases with high expression cases of S100A11 protein was 78.6％ (88/112) , and the low expression rate was 21.4 ％ (24/112) in group A.The low expression rate of S100A11 protein was 100.0％ (112/112) in group B.The negative expression rate of S100A11 protein was 100.0％ (10/10) in group C.The difference of S100A11 expression among the three groups was statistically significant (x2 =153.634, P ＜0.001).The S100A11 expression was associated with pathological type (x2 =6.807, P =0.009), differentiated degree (x2 =5.029, P =0.025), regional lymph node metastasis (x2 =11.721, P =0.001) in NSCLC, but it was not associated with gender (x2 =0.020, P =0.888) , age (x2 =0.816, P =0.366) and tumor size (x2 =0.406, P =0.524).Conclusion S100A11 is highly expressed in NSCLC, which is closely related with biological behavioral characteristics.S100A11 may participate in the occurrence and development of NSCLC, and it is expected to become the potential target of diagnosis and prognosis in patients with NSCLC.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets and Sodium Fructose Diphosphate(FDP) :injection in the early treatment of 48 cases of acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients with thrombolytic therapy.Methods 84 cases of acute myocardial infarction who were in accordance with the indications for thrombolytic therapy in patients were randomly divided into a treatment group(group A,48 cases,treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets and Sodium Fructose Diphosphate Injection) and a control group(group B,36 cases,treated with the conventional therapy).The occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmias,early sighs and symptms,and retoration of myocardial injury were observed in patients after thrombolytic therapy in order to understand clinical effect on the patients with that treatment.Results In treatment group there were decreased incidence of heart symptoms (chest pain,cardiopalmus) and RA(group A,36.1%;group B,71.4%),improved recovery of cardiac muscde enzymogram as compared to control,which was significantly different with control and between treatment groups (P

?AIM: To observed the clinical effect of twice fluid-gas exchange in vitrectomy for retinal detachment at the equator.?METHODS: The retrospective analysis of the 74 cases (74 eyes) with retinal detachment at the equator from January 2014 to September 2015 were reviewed. All these patients were performed standard three channel 23G vitrectomy under a wide angle lens, in which, the 37 cases ( 37 eyes ) were randomly selected and performed single fluid-gas exchange, and the other 37 cases ( 37 eyes) were performed twice fluid-gas exchange. The intraoperative surgical complications and the postoperative success rate of retinal reposition in 1wk, 1, 3mo after surgery of the two group patients were observed.? RESULTS: The intraoperative surgical complication rates of the twice fluid-gas exchange group were less than that of the single fluid-gas exchange group. The postoperative success rate of retinal reposition in the twice fluid-gas exchange group significantly increased in 1wk and 1mo after surgery, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 05). But the postoperative success rate of retinal reposition in 3mo after surgery had no significant difference (P>0. 05).?CONCLUSION:The twice fluid-gas exchange operation was simple and it was beneficial for beginners to master. The incomplete drainage of the single fluid-gas exchange and the pore drainage in the posterior pole or in the peripheral part of the retina were avoided during the surgery. The intraoperative surgical complication rates were reduced and the postoperative success rate of retinal reposition were improved. This operation method had great application value in clinic.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of the enteral nutrient(Pediasure) on making improvements in nutritional status of children with anorexia.Methods Thirty children were treated with pediasure for 2 months, twice a day, and height(Ht),weight(Wt),AG,TSF,SSF,ASF,RBC,Hb were measured before and after treatment and their appetites,alimentary canal reactions were recorded.Results Compared with the effects after 2 months, the average Ht,Wt,AG,SF all increased, and there was significant difference between pretreatment and after treatment(P0.05). All of the 30 children had no adverse reactions during treatment.Twenty-two children (73.33%) had better appetites and increased the amount of eating after treatment.Conclusion The study suggests that pediasure may be safely used in the treatment of children′s anorexia and effectively improve patients′ nutrition without adverse reactions.

Objective To investigate whether arsenic trioxide(As2O3)with different density is capable of affecting the invasiveness of neuroblastoma(NB)cells,and to give grounds for NB therapy with As2O3.Methods 1.Well-developed NB cells were selected and exposed to 0.75 ?mol/L,1.50 ?mol/L,3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 for 24 h;2.Collect the adherence cells,count the number and float them in nutrient medium again,add them into the transwell polycarbonate membrane plate that was covered by matrigel,there were 2?104 NB cells in each well;3.After 24 h,take off the membrane,fix the cells which cross the membrane with mehanol and dye them with hematoxylin;4.Observe the NB cells and count them,so the capability of invasion of LA-N-5 was evaluated by transwell chamber assay.Results After 24 h with the different density As2O3,the number of invading LA-N-5 cells was significantly lower in As2O3 group than that in control group(the number of invading cells of the As2O3 group was 28.0?4.0,19.33?4.16,6.33?1.53,respectively,the cell number of the control group was 46.33?6.11)(P=0.013,0.003,0);among the experiment groups,there was no difference between 0.75 ?mol/L and 1.50 ?mol/L(P=0.06),and it was significantly different between 0.75 ?mol/L and 3.0 ?mol/L,1.50 ?mol/L and 3.0 ?mol/L(P=0,0.007),the number of invading LA-N-5 cells of 3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 was the least.Conclusions As2O3 could inhibit the invasive potential of NB cells;the inhibitory action of 3.0 ?mol/L As2O3 is the most.