Objective To observe the nasal flush combined budesonide suspension liquid atomizing inhaled treatment of allergic rhinitis in infants,explore the allergic rhinitis treatments in infants. Methods 137 cases diagnosed as allergic rhinitis were collected and randomly divided into 70 cases as the treatment group and 67 patients as the control group. The patients in control group were washed the nasal cavity with 2.8% warm sodium chloride solution using 50ml and 0.5% metronidazole injection 30ml by turn. At the first week, 1 time/d, then one time every other day,while according to age,body mass the patients were given to loratadine, 1 time/d. Treatment group were used budesonide nasal inhalation of 1 ml at the base of treatment of the control group. Before and after the treatment , nasal congestion,sneezing, flow clear nose, sleep snoring and sleep quality score index were observed and compared.Results 70%of the treatment group the nasal congestion,sneezing,flow clear in 3 times after treatment with ease.The children sleep quality improved and the snoring fewer over night,only 56.7% of the control group of these symptoms improved. After the treatment the efficiency evaluation of treatment group and control group respectively was 95.1% and 77.7% ,there was statistically significant difference( x2 =9.83 ,P ＜0. 01 ). 137 cases of patients without a side effects. Conclusion curative effect of nasal flush combined budesonide suspension liquid nasal spray inhaled treatment of allergic rhinitis was distinct,infant effect-acting quickly,without side effects,easy to use.

Aim TostudytheeffectsofCuO,ZnOand TiO2 nanoparticles on the viability and metastatic po-tential of EC-9706 and EC-109 esophageal squamous carcinomacelllineinvitro.Methods Characteristics of CuO,ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles were detected u-sing transmission electron microscope (TEM)and dy-namic light scattering (DLS ).EC-9706 and EC-109 cells were treated with different concentrations of CuO, ZnO and TiO2 (5 ~80 mg · L-1 ).The cell prolifera-tion was analyzed by MTT assay.The cell cycle and apoptotic rates were determined by flow cytometry (FCM).The cell invasion was assayed in Transwell chambers.The expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 pro-tein in cells was detected by Western blot method.Re-sults CuO,ZnOandTiO2nanoparticleswerespheri-cal with primary particle size 12,20. 6,12 nm.The particles were agglomerated in water and cell culture medium with negative charge.CuO and ZnO nanoparti-cles induced decreases in EC-9706 and EC-109 cell vi-ability dose-dependently.After exposed to increasing concentrations of CuO and ZnO nanoparticles,the cell cycle analysis revealed a decreasing proportion of cells in G2/Mand S phase,and up-regulation of the cells in G0/G1 phase.Apoptotic cells also increased along with decreased cell invasion upon CuO and ZnO treatment. Nanoparticles treatment after 48 h, the activated caspase-3 expression quantity increased significantly and the Bcl-2 expression quantity decreased obviously (P<0. 05 )compared with control group.TiO2 nanop-articles had no obvious effect on the EC-9706 and EC-109 cell proliferation,cell cycle,apoptosis and inva-sion.Conclusion ComparedwithTiO2,CuOand ZnO nanoparticles can inhibit EC-9706 and EC-109 cell viability and metastatic potential,the mechanism of action involves cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase and apoptosis.These findings can help the development of nanoparticles as anti-cancer therapeutics for esophageal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) on the long-term survival of gastric cancer patients after surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 136 gastric cancer patients admitted to Lishui Central Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017, who underwent radical surgery and were followed up for 5 years. Patients were divided into HER2 positive and HER2 negative groups based on HER2 immunohistochemical results, and into high CAR and low CAR groups based on the CAR mean value. The relationship between HER2 and CAR with clinicopathological characteristics of gastric cancer patients was analyzed. The postoperative tumor-free survival rate and overall survival rate were compared between the two groups of patients (HER2 positive group and HER2 negative group, as well as high CAR group and low CAR group). Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent prognostic factors for postoperative tumor recurrence, metastasis, and death in gastric cancer patients.Results:The proportion of HER2 positive patients with large tumor size, low differentiation, T 3-4 tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion was significantly higher than that of HER2 negative patients (all P<0.05). The proportion of high CAR patients with large tumor size, low differentiation, T 3-4 tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, and vascular invasion was significantly higher than that of low CAR patients (all P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that HER2 negative patients had significantly higher 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year cumulative tumor-free survival rate and overall survival rate than HER2 positive patients, while low CAR patients had significantly higher 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year cumulative tumor-free survival rate and overall survival rate than high CAR patients (all P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified T 3-4 tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, HER2 positivity, and high CAR expression as independent prognostic factors for postoperative tumor recurrence, metastasis, and death in gastric cancer patients (all P<0.05). HER2 positive gastric cancer patients had a 1.895-fold higher risk of postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis than HER2 negative patients ( HR: 1.895, 95% CI: 1.245-4.229, P=0.034), while high CAR gastric cancer patients had a 1.769-fold higher risk of postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis than low CAR patients ( HR: 1.769, 95% CI: 1.433-3.959, P=0.039). HER2 positive gastric cancer patients had a 2.145-fold higher risk of postoperative death than HER2 negative patients ( HR: 2.145, 95% CI: 1.378-4.589, P=0.028), while high CAR gastric cancer patients had a 1.926-fold higher risk of postoperative death than low CAR patients ( HR: 1.926, 95% CI: 1.564-3.853, P=0.025). Conclusions:HER2 and CAR are independent prognostic factors for postoperative tumor recurrence, metastasis, and death in gastric cancer patients. Gastric cancer patients with HER2 positivity and high CAR have a higher risk of postoperative tumor recurrence, metastasis, and death. This study has some limitations due to its small sample size and single-center design, which may introduce some bias. Future multicenter and large-scale studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.

Objective:To explore the effect of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ESCCAL-1 on the polarization of THP-1 cells-derived macrophages.Methods:The esophageal cancer cell line KYSE450 was divided into 5 groups: KYSE450 group (normal KYSE450 cells), shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group (infected with knockout ESCCAL-1 lentivirus), shRNA-NC group (infected with interference control lentivirus), OE-ESCCAL-1 group (infected with overexpressing ESCCAL-1 lentivirus) and OE-NC group (infected with overexpressed control lentivirus). The expression of ESCCAL-1 was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). After co-culture of cells in each group with THP-1 cells-derived macrophages, flow cytometry was used to detect the expressions of THP-1 cells-derived macrophages M1 polarization markers HLA-DR, iNOS, CD86 and M2 polarization markers Arg-1, CD163, CD206, and inflammatory cytokines.Results:After THP-1 cells were stimulated with 100 ng/ml phorbol ester for 48 hours, the cells grew adherently, and the expression levels of CD11b and CD36 increased, indicating that THP-1 cells were successfully differentiated into macrophages. After THP-1 cells-derived macrophages were co-cultured with esophageal cancer KYSE450 cell line treated differently for 24 hours, there were no significant differences in the expressions of M1 polarization markers HLA-DR, iNOS and CD86 between shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group and shRNA-NC group or between OE-ESCCAL-1 group and OE-NC group (all P > 0.05). Compared with shRNA-NC group, the expressions of M2 polarization markers Arg-1, CD163 and CD206 in shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group decreased [8.54±0.29 vs. 11.83±0.69, 12.0±0.3 vs. 24.5±0.8, 2.05±0.23 vs. 14.54±1.10], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 7.636, 27.38 and 19.31, all P < 0.01); compared with the OE-NC group, the expressions of M2 polarization marker Arg-1, CD163 and CD206 in OE-ESCCAL-1 group increased [32.60±1.14 vs. 14.20±0.20, 43.7±1.5 vs. 25.1±1.2, 35.8±0.7 vs. 13.6±0.6], and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were -27.58, -17.24 and -43.98, all P < 0.01). Compared with shRNA-NC group, the expression level of interferon-γ in shRNA-ESCCAL-1 group decreased [(6.3±1.5) pg/ml vs. (20.0±2.6) pg/ml, t = 7.75, P = 0.001]; compared with OE-NC group, the expression level of interleukin-1RA in OE-ESCCAL-1 group increased [(3 167±306) pg/ml vs. (467±176) pg/ml, t = -13.27, P < 0.01]. Conclusions:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma-related lncRNA ESCCAL-1 can promote the M2 polarization of macrophages.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*28, UGT1A1*60 and UGT1A1*93 polymorphisms and irinotecan-induced severe adverse reactions(grade 3-4 delayed diarrhea and neutropenia) in Chinese cancer patients. Methods: A total of 141 cancer patients treated with irinotecan were enrolled in this study. Peripheral venous blood was collected and genomic DNA was extracted. The genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*28, UGT1A1*60 and UGT1A1*93 were analyzed by PCR and direct sequencing. The adverse reactions during chemotherapy were observed and recorded. The incidence of severe adverse reactions was compared among patients with different genotypes. Results: Among 141 patients, the cases with UGT1A1*6 GG, GA and AA genotypes were 71, 54 and 16, while those with UGT1A1*28 TA6/6, TA6/7 and TA7/7 genotypes were 105, 33 and 3, respectively. The cases with UGT1A1*60 AA, AC and CC genotypes were 52, 80 and 9, while those with UGT1A1*93 GG, GA and AA genotypes were 105, 32 and 4, respectively. The patients with grade 3-4 delayed diarrhea and neutropenia were 23 and 56, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*60 genetic polymorphisms were independent factors influencing the occurrence of grade 3-4 delayed diarrhea. The risk of grade 3-4 delayed diarrhea in homozygous AA carriers of UGT1A1*6 increased 3.79 times compared with that in wild-type GG carriers (95%CI: 1.35-10.67). Moreover, the risk of grade 3-4 delayed diarrhea in homozygous CC carriers of UGT1A1*60 was 20.42 times compared with that in wild-type AA carriers (95%CI: 3.52-118.33). In addition, UGT1A1*28 genetic polymorphism was an independent factor of the occurrence of grade 3-4 neutropenia. The patients with homozygous TA7/7 carriers of UGT1A1*28 had an 1.61 times higher risk of grade 3-4 neutropenia compared with those with wild-type TA6/6 carriers (95%CI: 1.44-12.65). There was no correlation between UGT1A1*93 genetic polymorphism and severe adverse reactions caused by irinotecan. Conclusion The cancer patients who carried UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*60 gene polymorphisms have high risk of severe adverse events caused by irinotecan-based chemotherapy.