Objective To investigate the factors affecting rural women suffering from postpartum depression in order to provide scientific basis for rational intervention.Methods 368 rural pierperas whose deliveries were in the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University were surveyed by trained professional nurses with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale from May 1,2013 to April 30,2014.The data were processed by chi square test and unconditional logistic regression analysis to find the independent risk factors associated with postpartum depression.Results There were 347 valid questionnaires.The incidence of depression after delivery was 25.1％ (87/347).Logistic regression analysis showed that the low income family [OR=1.982 (1.238-2.562)],the inconformity of actual and expected baby gender [OR=0.465 (0.183-0.759)] and the mother-in-law as caregiver of pierpera [OR=2.459 (1.950-2.913)] were independent risk factors for postpartum depression of rural women,three of them are significant statistically,P＜0.05.Conclusions Understanding the risk factors for postpartum depression and being targeted to guide individually can reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.

Objective To explore the latent class structure and heterogeneity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) in adolescent.Methods The Chinese PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) was used to assess 560 adolescent from the Wenchuan earthquake area.Latent Class Model was employed to analyze the data.Results Latent Class Analysis revealed four classes of adolescent PTSD sample:pervasive disturbance (n=115,20.5％),no disturbance (n=165,29.5％),Intermediate Symptom with high Emotional Numbing (n=188,33.6％),as well as Intermediate Symptom with low avoidance (n=92,16.4％).The proportion of boys in each subsample were 55.7％,49.7％,50.5％ and 50.4％,respectively.In addition,there was no significant gender difference of prevalence within each class (x2=1.56,P=0.669).Conclusions Four-class model best fit the data for PTSD symptoms,and different clinical intervention should be adopted.

Objective To explore the nervous mechanism of intestinal function disorder after intestine congestion through observing the changes of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) neuron and nitric oxide synthase neuron (NOS) expression in nervous system of rat intestinal tract. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups (intestine congestion 20min and 60min group) and the control group. Then the spreading specimens of intestinal myen-teric plexus of ileums were collected and stained by AchE and nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate-D (NADPH-d) histochemistry, to observe and compare the density of distribution and staining of AchE and NOS positive neurons. Result Compared to the control group, the number and positive expression of AchE positive neuron in intestinal myen-teric plexus of ileums in the experimental group rats decreased (P

OBJECTIVE To observe and compare the application result of two kinds of chemical indicator(CI)card contained in high pressure-steam sterilization chemical monitoring testing package for providing correct credible evidence of supplying material in each batch after high pressure-steam sterilization and to avoid resource lost because of fault estimation.METHODS The chemical monitoring testing package was made according Sterilization Criteria published in 2002,with the 3M 1250 and 1243 CI cards and 1292 biology indicator(BI) to observe the results in tested package after sterilization.RESULTS The BI in chemical monitoring testing package was all qualified,the qualified rate of 1250 was 70%,while of 1243 was 100%.CONCLUSIONS If there is no BI for monitoring,1243 CI card should be chosen in high pressure-steam sterilization chemical monitoring testing package for supplying material in each batch after high pressure-steam sterilization which is not influenced by moisture and the contacted material and is easy to read and evaluate,the resource lost caused by fault estimation can be avoided.

Objective To study on ERCP findings correlating with tumor size and staging of pancre- atic cancer(PC).Methods We selected 35 patients with PC who were identified by surgery and/or pathol- ogy and had undergone ERCP with clear imaging findings.The lengths of pancreatic duct and common bile duct stricture as well as the diameter of upstream dilated pancreatic or bile duct were measured on ERCP films.The ralationship among ERCP findings and tumor size and JPS T-stage of PC were analysed by correla- tion analysis.Results Of the 35 patients with PC,ERCP showed the pancreatic duct stricture in 25 and cut- off of pancreatic duct in 10(7 of them,the lesion lengths were revealed after a guide wire advanced beyond the obstructive site)and common bile duct stricture in 31.The correlation coefficients between tumor size and lengths of pancreatic duct or common bile duct stricture were 0.709(P=0.0001)and 0.540(P=0.0053) respectively.The correlation coefficient between JPS T-stage and lengths of pancreatic duct stricture was 0.514(P=0.0052).Conclusion The length of pancreatic duct stricture in ERCP was positively correlated with the tumor size and staging of PC.But it is not consistent when the length of stricture is rather short.The lengths of bile duct stricture also have some effects on predicting the tumor size of pancreatic head cancer.

In order to observe the replication and expression of HGV RNA genome in HepG2 cells and establish a cell model of HGV infection, HGV RNA genome was prepared in vitro and transfected HepG2 cells with lipofec-tamin. HGV RNA-positive supernatants were used to infect fresh HepG2 cells. RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays were carried out to detect the replication and expression of HGV in HepG2 cells. Both positive and negative strands of HGV RNA could be detectable in cell culture supernatants and cells at 24h post-transfection. During the culture periods of 90 days, the cells were maintained by changing the medium every 3 or 5 days, and cultured for more than 20 passages. Both strands of HGV could be detectable in culture supernatants and cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot results also confirmed that HGV E2 protein could be expressed in the infected HepG2 cells. HGV RNA could also be detectable in the frozen-thawed HepG2 cells infected with HGV RNA genome. Therefore, HGV RNA genome can replicate and express in HepG2 cells, this HGV RNA genome transfected cells model could be used as a cell model in the studies of replication and infection of HGV.

Objective To explore the relation ship between expression of survivin gene in leukemia cells and its clinical effects, and to study the mechanism of survivin resist-apoptosis function in leukemia.Methods Survivin expression was detected by Western blots analysis and expressions of Fas and Caspase were examined by immunohistochemistry in 18 leukemia patients.Results Thirteen cases in peripheral blood mononuclear cell survivin positive expression was detected in 18 leukemia patients(72.2%), but no survivin expression in 10 normal persons. There were significant difference of survivin expression in ALL/ANLL patients groups and different WBC groups(P

Objective To observe the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the enteric motor function and acetylcholine esterase(AchE) neuron and nitric oxide synthase(NOS) neuron in the enteric nervous system,and explore the neuromechanism of the CO2 pneumoperitoneum on renteric motor function.Methods Thirty-six Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into experiment group(n=24) and control group(n=12).The experiment group was divided into two subgroups namely pneumoperitoneum 30min group and pneumoperitoneum 60min group(12 each) based on the maintenance time of pneumoperitoneum.Rats in each group were gavaged with medicinal carbon powder,and then the transmission of carbon powder in small intestine was determined.The spreading specimens of intestinal myenteric plexus of small intestine were prepared and the stained AchE and NOS neurons were observed and compared.Results The propellant velocity of carbon powder was slower in pneumoperitoneum 60min group than that in pneumoperitoneum 30min group and control group(28.55%?3.45% vs 45.90%?6.30%,48.25%?5.28%,P0.05).The number of positive expression of AchE neurons in intestinal myenteric plexus decreased in pneumoperitoneum 60min group compared with that in pneumoperitoneum 30min group and control group(48.00?3.16 vs 58.82?4.62,61.83?4.17,P0.05).The number of positive expression of NOS neurons in intestinal myenteric plexus increased in pneumoperitoneum 60min group compared with that in pneumoperitoneum 30min group and control group(42.17?4.45 vs 32.50?4.34,30.83?3.6,P0.05).Conclusions Prolonged CO2 pneumoperitoneum can affect or damage cholinergic neurons and nitroxidergic neurons in the enteric nervous system to some extent,and it may be the underlying mechanism of the intestinal motor dysfunction after operation.

Objective To isolate and purify crude lily polysaccharide and observe anti-tumor activity of the isolated and purified polysaccharide.Methods Crude lily polysaccharide was extracted from lily by water extraction and ethanol precipitation.After dialyzing,de-proteining and freeze-drying,preliminary purification of crude lily polysaccharide was obtained.After being separated by anion-exchange chromatography,preliminary purification was further isolated and purified.Purified lily polysaccharide was given to the H22-bearing mice.The effects of purified lily polysaccharide on tumor weight and immune function were evaluated.Results Crude lily polysaccharide was isolated and purified successfully.After a Sephadex chromatography,the purified polysaccharide showed as a single peak,demonstrating its homogenicity.The purified lily polysaccharide showed an inhibitory effect on H22-bearing mice tumor growth.It significantly increased the weight of immune organs and improved the immune function of the mice.Conclusion The purified lily polysaccharide was homogeneous.It could inhibit H22 tumor growth and enhance non-specific immune functions in H22-bearing mice.This research has laid the foundation for further pharmacological study on lily polysaccharide.

This essay discusses the hot issues about the ethics of modern medical technology,by investigating the problems between medical research staff and doctors,medical technology and patients,the attitude of family members to the traditional medical ethics and modern high-tech medical ethics,under the guidance of the concept of scientific development.It also analyses the current ethical status of modern medical technology and interprets the ethical problems of life that due to modern medical development,taking the maintaining and enhancing human health as a bran-new value orientation and ethical choices.