Objective: To explore the effect of Ligustrazine on neurogenesis in cortex after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Methods: Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by left middle cerebral artery occlusion with a suture. Two hours later, injection of Ligustrazine (80 mg/kg, 1 time/d) was performed peritoneally. Four hours after the ischemia, 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg, 1 time/d) was injected peritoneally. At 7 d, 14 d and 21 d after ischemia, BrdU positive cells in the cortex were observed by immunohistochemical staining. Results: In ischemic model group, at 7 day, sparsely-distributed BrdU positive cells were observed in the II-VI layers of the ipsilateral cortex, with a band-like distribution in ischemic penumbra. With the prolongation of ischemia, the number of BrdU positive cells increased. In Ligustrazine group, BrdU positive cells were also observed in the II-VI layers of the cortex, with an intense distribution in ischemic penumbra. The numbers of BrdU positive cells at 7 d, 14 d and 21 d were more than those in ischemic model group respectively. Conclusion: Ligustrazine increases the proliferated cells in cortex after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. The results suggest that it may be useful for promoting self-repair after ischemia.

Objective To discuss the cause, managment and prevention of the postoperative complications of orbital implantation by clinical case analysis, and to provide reference for the future clinical work. Methods 175 cases of orbital implantation from Aug. 2011 to Aug. 2013 were retrospectively analyzed in our department. The postoperative complications occurrence, related symptomatic treatment, and the reasons of complications were analyzed. Results Complications occurred in 175 cases of 9 cases(5. 14%),including 4 cases of the con-junctival cyst (2.29%),3 cases of orbital implants exposure(1.71%),1 case of orbital chronic infection(0.57%)and 1 case of subcon-junctival tissue atrophy(0. 57%). All of them had obtained good curative through cyst excision or orbital implanting again after the active treatment. There were no complication occurred again. Conclusion The postoperative complications should be positively analyzed, and early positive precaution could reduce most of the complications.

Objective To investigete the changes of neurons in cortex and hippocampus of spontaneously hypertensive rat.Methods Systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and mean arterial pressure,heart rate were measured by caudal artery manometry in six-month old SHR and age-matched Wistar rats(control group).Neurons in frontal lobe,parietal lobe,temporal lobe,and hippocampal CA1,CA3 sub-field and the dentate gyrus were observed through Nissl staining.Results Systolic pressure,diastolic pressure and mean arterial pressure in SHR were significantly higher than that in control group(P

Objective To explore the reversing mechanism of multidrug resistance of ciclosporin(CsA) on K562/A02 cell line,attenuating DNA damage repair through H2AX suppression.Methods K563 and K562/A02 respectively co-cultured with adriamycin(ADM) of different concentrations and CsA.MTT assay was employed to determine the inhibitory concentration of 50 percent(IC50),the resistance times and the reversal times.The K562/A02 cells treated with CsA,and reverse transcriptase(RT)-PCR technique was used to examine the mdr1 and H2AX mRNA level.Flow cytometry was used to measure P-glycoprotein(P-gp) and H2AX expression.Neutral comet assay was used to detect the level of DNA double strands break(DSBs) of the K562/A02 treated with ?H2AX antibody.Results 2?10-3g/L CsA could increase the sensitivity of K562/A02 to ADM,and the reversal times was 5.28.Mdr1 mRNA level and H2AX mRNA level were decreased when treated with CsA(P

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Dilatation, Pathologic ; therapy ; Female ; Halitosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Calcium Channel Blockers ; pharmacology ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drug Antagonism ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; drug effects ; Lead ; toxicity

0.05).In SVZ,nNOS expression in ischemic model group was reduced on days 1-14,but increased on day 21;after Ligustrazine administration,nNOS expression was obviously decreased on days 3-14 in all Ligustrazine dose groups,but began to increase on day 21.In CC,nNOS expression in ischemic model group was reduced on days 3-14,and began to increase on day 21;in the different-dose Ligustrazine groups,nNOS expression was significantly decreased on days 3-14,especially in medium-and high-dose groups,but increased on day 21.In striatum and cortex peri-infarction,nNOS expression in ischemic model group was obviously decreased on days 3 and 7,but enhanced on days 14 and 21;in various-dose Ligustrazine groups,nNOS expression was decreased on days 3-21,especially in medium-and high-dose groups,but increased slightly on day 21.In DG and CA1 areas,nNOS expression in ischemic model group was reduced on days 3 and 7,but began to increase on day 14;nNOS expression in all Ligustrazine groups were decreased during 3-21d.There were significant differences between ischemic model group and different-dose Ligustrazine groups at different time points(P

OBJECTIVE: To review the development of clinical pharmacy in Europe, analyze the quality assessment system and provide a reference for China. METHODS: By reviewing the literature of European hospital pharmacy or clinical pharmacy services from 1960 to 2013, sum up the development process of clinical pharmacy in Europe and analysis existing quality assessment system. RESULTS: European clinical pharmacy development can be divided into four parts; initial stage ("clinical pharmacy" introduced to hospital), exploring stage ("ward pharmacy service" mode), developing stage ("patient-centered" work system) and mature stage (improving "clinical pharmacists" evaluation system) ; It has formed quality assessment system of pharmacy service structure, process and outcome, but has not yet established a comprehensive system of evaluation criteria. CONCLUSION: Through analyzing and comparing the development progress and quality assessment system of European clinical pharmacy, it is useful to determine a clear direction of Chinese hospital pharmacy and to promote the establishment and improvement of Chinese quality evaluation system.

Objective: To study the dissolution characteristics of Qishe Pills in two kinds of media and to lay the foundation for the establishment of quality evaluation methods by stripping method. Methods: With 1% Polysorbate 80 solution and 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as media, the sinomenine, calycosin-7-glucoside, senkyunolide I, ononin, calycosin, formononetin, and senkyunolide A, determined by HPLC, were used as indexes. The cumulative dissolution of Qishe Pills at different time was investigated, and the dissolvable situation of respective components in the different media was compared simultaneously. The dissolution models were fit and the dissolution parameters were obtained. Results: The linear ranges of sinomenine, calycosin-7-glucoside, senkyunolide I, ononin, calycosin, formononetin, and senkyunolide A were 0.718-10.770, 0.190-2.850, 0.100-1.500 μg, 31.4-471.0, 34.0-510.0, 33.6-504.0, and 40.0-600.0 ng. In 45 min, the cumulative dissolving rates of the respective components were above 90% (calycosin-7-glucoside excepted) with 1% Polysorbate 80 solution as medium, while they were slower with 0.5% SDS as medium. The Weibull model of the seven components was good in the two kinds of media, while other model of the individual components had higher correlation in the different media. The f2 similarity factor method indicated that the dissolution of the same component of Qishe Pills has no similarity in the two different media. Conclusion: The dissolvable speed of each component with 1% Polysorbate 80 as medium was faster than that with 0.5% SDS as medium obviously. With 1% Polysorbate 80 as medium, the dissolution of each component had similarity and synchronism. Using 1% Polysorbate 80 solution as medium is applicable to research the dissolution of Qishe Pills.

Using the latency of paw withdrawal (PWL) from a noxious thermal stimulus as a measure of hyperalgesia, the effects of i.p. injection of meptazinol and its isomers, 112824 and 112825, on carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia were studied in awaked carrageenan-inflamed rats. Peripheral inflammation was induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of carrageenan (2 mg/100 microl) into one hindpaw in rats. Carrageenan produced marked inflammation (edema and erythema) and thermal hyperalgesia in the injected paws, which peaked at 3 h after injection and showed little change in magnitude for another 3 h. Injection of 0.1 mg/kg meptazinol (i.p.) at 3 h after carrageenan had no effect on the PWLs of either inflamed or non-inflamed hindpaw during the next 100 min (P>0.05, n=8). At the dosage of 1 and 10 mg/kg, meptazinol produced marked anti-nociception and anti-hyperalgesia in non-inflamed and inflamed hindpaw, respectively (P<0.05, n=8-11). The prolonging effect of meptazinol on PWL in inflamed hindpaw was more potent than that in non-inflamed hindpaw. Pre-administration of 1.5 mg/kg naloxone significantly antagonized meptazinol-induced anti-nociception and anti-hyperalgesia. Intraperitoneal injection of an isomer of meptazinol, 112825 (1.5 mg/kg), but not 112824 (1 mg/kg), markedly increased the PWL of the non-inflamed hindpaw. Nevertheless, both the isomers produced similar anti-hyperalgesic effect to that of meptazinol (P<0.05, n=8), which was completely reversed by naloxone (1.5 mg/mg). The results suggest that meptazinol and its isomers have anti-nociceptive and anti-hyperalgesic properties with the former more potent. The effects are mainly mediated by mu opioid receptors. This study provides an important clue for extending clinical utilization of meptazinol and its isomers.
Analgesics, Opioid ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Carrageenan ; Hyperalgesia ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; Isomerism ; Male ; Meptazinol ; pharmacology ; Nociceptors ; drug effects ; Pain ; physiopathology ; Pain Measurement ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley