In order to improve the performance of the photorefraction device,shorten the detection time and improve the accuracy of measuring,the theory of a new kind of double-cranny eccentric photorefraction device is described.Some features and key point of technology are emphatically pointed out.A method is put forward to determine the ocular diopter by image processing.

Objective To study the joint effect of small dosages of Aspirin and compound Danshen dropping pills on type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients'and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) patients' hypercoagulation blood.Methods The study followed diagnostic standards for T2DM by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1999,and randomly selected two groups of clinical patients:one had 63 patients with IGT and the other contained 68 patients with T2DM.Both groups took compound Danshen dropping pills with the total dosage of 10 pills each time,3 times per day,for continuum of 3 months.After that both groups stopped medication for 7 days,then began taking Aspirin after meal,with the dosage of 100 mg per day,for a continuum of 3 month.After that both groups stopped the medication for 7 days,then both group continued to take same dosage of ASA with addition of compound Danshen dropping pills of total amount of 10 pills per each time,3 times per day,for acontinuum of 3 months.Each medication period (ev ery 3 months) was monitored for platelet count (PET),prothrombin time (PT),kaolin partial thromboplastin time (APPT),The effective rate of anticoagulation for both groups were then calculated.Results The difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking single dosage of ASA for patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was statistically significant (P＜0.05),while patients with T2DM had no significant difference before and after taking same single dosage of ASA.Similarly, both groups with single dosage of compound Danshen dropping pills had no significant difference between before and after taking the medication.However,the difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking the combination of Aspirin and Danshen dropping pills of both groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).IGT group with single dosage of ASA had an effective rate of 71.4％ for anti coagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage reached 23.8％.The IGT group with combinatory dosage of ASA and Danshen dropping pills reached an effective rate of 100％ for anticoagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage was 86.7％.The difference between those effective rates of anticoagulation was statistically significant in different medicine takeways of two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The combinatory use of small dosage of Aspirin with compound Danshen dropping pills had evident effect to improve IGT and hypercoagulation blood of T2DM patients who had good control of their blood glucose.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to establish women previously undergoing cesarean section again puerperal ways.Methods170 pregnant women who had previously undergone 1 or 2 cesarean section were studied. ResultsAmong the 170 cases, 93 cases were trial of labor. The success was 81 cases, the success rate was 87%. One patient with preuterine scar ruptured. There was no maternal death. When the repeat cesarean group was compared with the trial of labor group, in the blood loss and after delivery febrile morbidity were significantly higher in women with repeat cesarean (P＜0.05). The Apgar score of newborns was no difference (P＞0.05). ConelusionWe should control the indications for cesarean section. A trial of labor after previous cesarean is safe, less damage and can be rceommended in the majority of cases. All eligible women would allowed to deliver vaginally after previous cesarean.

Objective To investigate the correlation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene variations in the promoter region with the sporadic Alzheimer' s disease (SAD) in Chinese Han population for better understanding the mechanism of SAD. MethodsThe polymorphisms of 279 SAD Chinese Han patients from Northern China were analyzed by comparing with those from 317 healthy individuals using the method of polymeraee chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) or direct sequencing.The commercial statistics package SPSS 11.5 was used to compare the distribution of the allele and the genotype, and to analyze their correlations with SAD. ResultsThree polymorphism sites were found for the VEGF promoters in the Chinese Han sample group including -2578C/A,- 2549I/D and- 1154G/A.- 2549I/D and- 2578C/A exhibiting strong linkage disequilibrium. Individuals with the A allele at position -2578 had an insertion of 18 nucleotides at -2459I/D, whereas CC homozygotes did not contain th es were found between the SAD patients and the controls in the 3 VEGF polymorphisms. After adjusting the data for gender, age and the ApoE ε4 allele using Logistic regression, the - 1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promoter might increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.Among the subgroup without the ApoE ε4 allele, -2549D/-1154G haplotype might increase the risk for SAD (OR = 1.325, 95％ CI 1.023--1.716, P=0.033). ConclusionsThree polymorphism sites ( -2578C/A, -254911D, and -1154G/A) are found in the VEGF promoter regions in Chinese Han population. The-1154G/G genotype of the VEGF promote appears to increase the risk of SAD in Chinese Han population.In the absence of ApoE ε4, the -2549D/-1154G haplotype of the VEGF promoter appears to affect the risk for SAD.

Adult ; Altitude ; Arteries ; metabolism ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; blood ; Humans ; beta-Endorphin ; blood

Objective To understand the mutations of macrolide resistance gene locus (23S rRNA) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and its correlation with clinical features .Methods A total of 354 respiratory tract samples were collected from children pa-tients with pneumonia .MP and its mutations in 23S rRNA gene locus were detected by real-time PCR .The children cases of MP positive were divided into the mutation group and non-mutation group .Then the clinical data were compared between the two groups .Results Among 354 respiratory tract samples ,166 cases(46 .9% ) were MP positive ,moreover the mutation of 23S rRNA gene locus existed in 135 MP positive samples with the positive detection rate of 81 .3% ,while no 23S rRNA gene locus mutations were detected in 31 samples .Analyzing the clinical data of the mutation group and non-mutation group found that there was no sta-tistical difference in the aspects of age and gender between the two groups .The occurrence rates of severe pneumonia and extrapul-monary complications in the mutation group were higher than those in the non-mutation group (P<0 .05) ,moreover the average hospitalization time and fever duration in the mutation group were longer than those in the non-mutation group (P<0 .05) .Conclu-sion 23S rRNA gene locus mutation has higher detection rate ,prompting that MP shows high resistant rate to macrolides ,which could provide a certain basis for treatment of M P infections .

Objective To explore the relationship between the change of serum ferritin level and acute lung injury.Methods 192 cases living hospital patients with critical factor of acute lung injury were divided into two groups:acute lung injury group(study group,52 cases)and having critical factor of acute lung injury but not devel- oped acute lung injury group(control group,140 cases).50 people at the same time were selected as normal group. Serum ferritin level were measured,and their correlation between groups were analyzed.Results The serum ferritin level in study group[female(354.7?9.8)/,g/L,male(789.7?30.8)tag/L]increased significantly as compared wit h that in control group[female(182.7?7.8)/,g/L,male(312.5?1.9)?g/L](P

Objective To establish a method for rapidly detecting the G-protein ?3 subunit (GNB3) 825 site single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and to analyse the relationship between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity. Methods The real-time fluorescent PCR was employed to analyse the GNB3 825 site gene SNP of 420 samples from 21 provinces and the the frequencies of genotypes were compared with those detected by gene sequencing. GNB3 825 site genotype, body weight, body mass index (BMI) and fat content were examined from 207 subjects and the correlation between GNB3 825 site gene SNP and obesity was analysed. Results The result by real-time fluorescent PCR showed that the frequencies of 825T and 825C haploid were 46.90% and 53.10%, respectively, and the frequencies of 825TT, 825TC and 825CC genotype were 22.38%, 51.42% and 28.10%, respectively, with no other genotype detected, which was consistent with the result by gene sequencing. BMI and fat content were significantly higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT than in subjects with other genotypes. Body weight was much higher in subjects with GNB3 825TT genotype than in subjects with 825CC genotype, but not significantly different with 825CT genotype. Conclusion A new rapid method for the detection of GNB3 825 site SNP has been successfully established. There existed significant correlation between GNB3 825TT genotype and obesity.

Objective:To choose the best vector for the expression of CS3 fimbriae. Methods: The CS3 operon was cloned into different plasmid vectors such as pUC19 and pTrc99A. The expression of CS3 was monitored by whole-cell ELISA and SDS-PAGE analysis. The assembly of CS3 fimbriae was detected with electron microscopy. Results:The expression level of CS3 fimbriae using plasmid pUC19 as carrying vector was the highest, and the insertion orientation of CS3 gene into the plasmid has a little effect on its expression level. The expression of CS3 fimbriae was confirmed by SDS-PAGE analysis and electron microscopy.Conclusions:The promotor of CS3 itself played the key role in the expression of CS3 fimbriae and the copy number of plasmid was the main factor to affect the expression level.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-cancer agent. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a polyphenolic constituent of green tea. In this study, inhibitory effect of combined use of EGCG and TRAIL on human melanoma A375 cells was examined and the possible mechanism investigated. The cells were divided into 4 groups: control group, EGCG group (EGCG: 10, 20 mug/mL), TRAIL group (TRAIL: 25 ng/mL) and EGCG+TRAIL group (combined group). The growth inhibition was measured in the A375 cells treated with different concentrations of TRAIL ((25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150 ng/mL) by MTT assay. The apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The expressions of DR4 and DR5 were detected by flow cytometry and western blotting. The activities of caspase-8 and caspase-3 were determined by colorimetric assay. The results showed that TRAIL could dose-dependently inhibit the growth of A375 cells and the IC(50) of TRAIL was 150 ng/mL. The apoptosis rate was 11.8% in the TRAIL group, 5%-7% in the EGCG group and 48.9%-59.1% in the combined group. Significant difference was found in the apoptosis rate between the combined group and the EGCG or TRAIL group (P<0.05 for each). The expression of DR4 instead of DR5 was significantly increased in the EGCG group. The activity of caspase-3 rather than caspase-8 was substantially enhanced in the EGCG group. These results suggest that EGCG is useful for the TRAIL-based treatment for melanoma.