Introduction. Recurrent pregnancy loss is a devastating reproductive problem that affects 5% of couples trying to conceive. Majority of the cases are due to cytogenetic errors. This study determines the prevalence of chromosomal structural abnormalities in Filipino couples who presented with 2 or more pregnancy losses. Methods. Results from chromosomal analysis of couples referred for 2 or more miscarriages done at the Institute of Human Genetics-National Institutes of Health-University of the Philippines, Manila on peripheral blood samples from 1991 to 2010 were restrospectively reviewed. Results. There were 356 couples with a history of 2 or more miscarriages sent for chromosomal analysis from 1991-2010 included in this study. Among these 356 couples, 17 couples (4.8%) were found to be carriers of different chromosomal abnormalies. From a total of 18 cases, there were 13(3.6%) translocations, 1(0.3%) insertion, 2(0.6%) with marker chromosomes, 1(0.3%) pericentric inversion and 1(0.3%) deletion. Conclusion. The overall frequency of chromosomal structural abnormalities among patients with RPL in this study is 4.8% with translocations being the most common type detected. The results of this study are similar to that of previous large-scale studies which have demostrated that parental chromosomal abnormalities are associated with RPL.
Male ; Female ; RECURRENCE ; PREGNANCY ; CHROMOSOME ABERRATIONS ; ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS ; FEMALE UROGENITAL DISEASES AND PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS ; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS ;

Congenital absence of the uterine cervix and vagina in the presence of a functional endometrium is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. Women born with this anomaly present with collection of blood in the uterine cavity or hematometra, disabling pelvic pain and progressively worsening endometriosis. Presented is a case of a 16 year-old girl with severe pelvic endometriosis and hematometra complicated by cervicovaginal agenesis. She was managed by total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy, left oophorocystectomyandadhesiolysis. Surgical management of congenital cervicovaginal agenesis remains controversial. The decision to do a conservative surgical procedure or a hysterectomy depends on the clinical profile of the patient, the expertise of the surgeon, the extent of the malformation and its association with other mullerian anomalies.

Human ; Female ; Adolescent ; abnormalities ; Endometriosis ; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications ; Hematometra

To further investigate the vertical transmission route of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the indication for the choice of mode of delivery, the infective status of 152 asymptomatic pregnant wemen and the maternal-fetal transmission were studied. By using general primers in polymerase chain reaction (GP-PCR) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, HPV DNA positive rate in cervical secretions and venous blood in asymptomatic pregnant women was 36.21% and 52.78%, respectively, and the identified genotypes were mainly HPV16 and 18. The maternal-fetal transmission rate of HPV via genital tract as well as blood was 40.91% and 57. 89%, respectively. It was concluded that besides the transmission route of genital tract and amniotic fluid, there was also transplacental transmission of HPV in utero. Therefore,in our opinion, it is not an absolut indication to perform a cesarean delivery for the pregnant women with HPV asymtomatic genital infection.
DNA, Viral/analysis ; Disease Transmission, Vertical ; Female Urogenital Diseases/*virology ; *Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification ; Papillomavirus Infections/*transmission ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/*virology

OBJECTIVETo summarize the features and treatment of male infertility induced by autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and compare the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for infertile men with ADPKD and those with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens (CBAVD).

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 21 cases of ADPKD-induced infertility, 15 treated by ICSI (group A), and another 164 cases of strictly matched CBAVD-induced infertility (group B). We compared the two groups in the couples' age, the number of ICSI oocytes, and the rates of fertilization, transferrable embryos, good embryos, embryos implanted, clinical pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, early abortion, singleton and twins in the first cycle.

RESULTSAfter 28 cycles of ICSI, 10 of the 15 ADPKD-induced infertility patients achieved clinical pregnancy, including 7 cases of live birth, 1 case of spontaneous abortion, and 2 cases of pregnancy maintenance. No significant differences were observed between groups A and B in the couples' age, the wives' BMI, or the numbers of ICSI oocytes and embryos transplanted (P >0.05), nor in the rates of ICSI fertilization (72.64% vs 76.17%), transferrable embryos (51.28% vs 63.24%), quality embryos (38.46% vs 49.83%), embryo implantation (17.64% vs 38.50%), abortion (0 vs 9.23%), singleton (50% vs 81.54%) and twins (50% vs 18.46%). However, the rates of clinical pregnancy (13.33% vs 42.68%, P = 0.023 <0.05) and biochemical pregnancy (13.33% vs 39.63%, P = 0.032 <0.05) were significantly lower in group A than in B.

CONCLUSIONICSI is effective in the treatment of male infertility induced by either ADPKD or CBAVD, but the ADPKD cases have a lower success rate than the CBAVD cases in an individual cycle. The affected couples should be informed of the necessity of prenatal genetic diagnosis before embryo implantation and the inevitable vertical transmission of genetic problems to the offspring.

Abortion, Spontaneous ; Embryo Implantation ; Embryo Transfer ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; therapy ; Male ; Male Urogenital Diseases ; therapy ; Oocytes ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant ; complications ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; Vas Deferens ; abnormalities