[Objective]To investigate the effect of an effervescent-sucrose on the properties of calcium phosphate cement. [Method]The sucrose particles were mixed with CPC powder at sucrose/(sucrose+CPC powder) mass percentage of 0%,10%,20%,30%,40%.The samples were characterized by compressive strength,X-ray diffraction,SEM techniques and degradation in vivo.[Result]The samples decreased on the mechanical properties and increased on the rate of macropore and total porosity,they were effected significantly among groups by added effervescent(P

Objective To analyze antibacterial resistance and distribution of Acinetobacter baumanni in clinical departments,in order to provide references for hospital infection control.Methods Clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumanni from January 2012 to July 2014 were collected.Bacterial identification and antibacterial susceptibility tests were carried out by using the VITEK 2 Compact automatic bacterial identification system,and results of resistance of Acinetobacter baumanni were analysed by using the WHONET5.0 software.Results A total of 285 strains of Acinetobacter baumanni were isolated and mainly were isolated from the intensive care unit(ICU)(accounted for 47.0%),most of the infected patients were male,and patients aged 45 years and over ac-counted for 70.5%.The resistance rate of aztreonam against Acinetobacter baumanni(71.9%)was the highest and the lowest was levofloxacin(25.7%).The resistance rates of most of antibacterials tested in this study were approximately 50%,and resistance rates of piperacillin-tazobactam and imipenem was approaching 40%.Conclusion Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii are mainly i-solated from ICU and antibacterial resistance of isolates is serious.Hospitals should strengthen infection control and promote ra-tional use of antibacterials according to results of antibacterial-susceptibility test,so as to reduce antibacterial resistance.

Objective To explore the thyroid function changes of episodes period and remissions period in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS).Methods The urinary protein quantitation and serum albumin,total cholesterol,thyroid hormone level [total triiodothyronine (TT3),total thyroxine (TT4),free triiodothyronine (FT3),free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)] of episodes period and remissions period in 15 children with primary NS were retrospectively analyzed.Results There were statistical differences in urinary protein quantitation and serum albumin,total cholesterol in children with NS between episodes period and remissions period (P ＜ 0.05).The TT3,TT4,FT3,FT4 in episodes period were significantly lower than those in remissions period [(0.6 ± 0.3) μ g/L vs.(1.3 ± 0.3) μ g/L,(40.0 ± 23.0)μ g/L vs.(68.0 ± 15.0) μ g/L,(1.6 ± 0.3) pmol/L vs.(3.3 ± 0.3) pmol/L,(8.6 ± 2.5) pmol/L vs.(12.2 ± 2.0) pmol/L],TSH was significantly higher than that in remissions period [(5.6 ± 2.1) mU/L vs.(2.5 ± 1.1) mU/L],there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Thyroid function of episodes period in children with primary NS is decreased temporarily,associated with heavy proteinuria leads to thyroid hormone missing from urine.Detecting thyroid function plays an important role in estimating the state and guiding the treatment of primary NS.

AIM　To investigate the transdermal delivery effects of cyclosporine A solubilized in mixed micelles composed of phospholipid and different surfactants. METHODS　When applied onto the excised abdominal skin of the mice occlusively, the enhancing effects of various mixed micelles on the penetration of cyclosporin A were assessed by an in vitro permeation technique. In vivo study was carried out by topical application of sodium cholate-phospholipid mixed micelles onto the mice skin and drug blood concentration was detected. RESULTS　In vitro, mixed micelles containing different surfactants displayed distinct permeability and corresponded to the following order: sodium cholate > sodium deoxycholate > Trition X-100 > Tween-20. In vivo, peak drug concentration was detected at 5 h and after that the concentration fell down slowly. CONCLUSION　Mixed micelles were shown to be efficient carrier for the transdermal delivery of the lipophilic polypeptide when kept in solution during the application process.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of Liuwei Shunji Capsule on survival state, visceral hypersensitivity, the content of 5-HT of model rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency-type irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and explore its mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, pinaverium bromide group and Liuwei Shunji Capsule of high, medium and low dose groups. Senna with restraint stress was used in duplicating liver depression and spleen deficiency-type IBS model. From the second day after the model was established, each drug treatment group was administered with corresponding drugs once a day for two weeks. The effects of Liuwei Shunji Capsule on survival state, visceral hypersensitivity, the content of 5-HT in serum and hypothalamus were observed.Results Compared with model group, Liuwei Shunji Capsule could raise weight growth rate of model rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency-type IBS (P<0.05), improve their diarrhea, fatigue demeanor, fur quality, irritability and other symptoms, significantly decrease their visceral hypersensitivity, the content of 5-HT in serum and hypothalamus (P<0.01).Conclusion Liuwei Shunji Capsule can effectively improve survival state and intestinal disorders of rats with liver depression and spleen deficiency-type IBS, and the mechanism of treatment could be realized through regulating 5-HT level.

It was found that psoralen derivative could perform a Friedel-Crafts acylation smoothly with acetic anhydride to give 5'-acetylpsoralen in a 73% yield. In the presence of boron trifluoride etherate, 5'-acetylpsoralen reacted with both aromatic amines and aliphatic amine smoothly to afford 5'-Schiff-base group substituted psoralen derivatives in 72%-92% yields. The novel synthetic method has the advantages of cheap materials, mild reaction conditions, good yields and high regioselectivity in the Friedel-Crafts acylation. Cell viability assay by MTT demonstrates that some of the psoralen derivatives 6 have antiproliferative activities.

Aim Through identification of the difunc-tionality of neuroprotection and passage of blood-brain barrier ( BBB) for RDP-BDNF fusion protein to offer a new strategy to treat brain diseases. Methods BDNF was conjugated to a novel cell penetrating peptide known as RDP which was derived from rabies virus gly-coprotein ( RVG) . The fusion protein RDP-BDNF was expressed in E. coli BL21 ( DE3 ) . After the intrave-nous injection of RDP-BDNF, the time effect curve of RDP-BDNF in the brains and serum was examined. Additionally , Morris water maze test was used to evalu-ate the effect of RDP-BDNF on scopolamine-induced amnesic mice, and the mechanism was also studied. Results RDP-BDNF could cross the BBB and exhibi-ted neuroprotective effects on the treatment of cognitive deficit induced by scopolamine in dementia model mice. Conclusions Delivery of protein therapeutics using RDP might offer a new and exciting strategy to treat brain diseases.

Aim: To study the effects of molecule weight,the N/P ratio,solvent and ionic strength on the formation and surface properties of PEI/DNA complexes,and study its transfection efficiency.Methods: The N/P ratio of the prepared PEI/DNA complexes was optimized using gel electrophoresis and UV quantitative assay.The particle size and surface charge of the complexes were measured in different solvents and ionic strength.The transfection effi-ciency in HepG2 cells was observed.Results: There was a positive correlation between combination of PEI and DNA and molecule weight of PEI.In addition,the surface properties of PEI/DNA complexes were also influenced by the solvents and ionic strength.Comparable transfection efficiencies in HepG2 cells were observed for the Lipo-fectamine 2000/DNA and the prepared PEI(25 kD)/DNA complexes in PBS at the N/P ratio of 12-15,which was much higher than that of naked DNA.Conclusion: The optimized PEI/DNA complexes could effeciently transfect the cells in comparison to the positive control.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the antidepressant effect of triptolide in chronically unpredictable stressed mice and its possible protective effect on brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF). METHODS One method was selected from 8 different stress methods each day,and the mice were treated with triptolide(20,40,80 and 160μg·kg-1)10 min before the stress method. A chroni?cally unpredictable stressed model was established and after 14 d stress experiment, the total distance in the locomotor activity and the immobility time in the force swimming test and tail test were observed respectively. Triptolide(20,40,80 and 160μg·kg-1)was given 10 min before the test. In addition, Western blot was used to analyze the expression of phosphorylated cAMP response element binding protein(p-CREB) and BDNF in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. RESULTS There was no effect on the locomotor activity in any group. Compared with the normal control group,the chronically unpre?dictable stressed group showed obvious depressive-like behavior,while the immobility time in the force swimming test decreased from(161 ± 18)s in chronically stressed group to(102 ± 14)s(P<0.05) and(83±14)s(P<0.01)when mice were ip given triptolide 80 and 160μg·kg-1, respectively,and(77± 11)s(P<0.01)in imipramine(IMI)hydrochloride group(10 mg?kg-1),and(96±9)s(P<0.01)in fluox?etine(FLU)group(10 mg?kg-1). The immobility time in the tail suspension test decreased from(128± 8)s in chronically stressed group to(93±9)s(P<0.05),(85±8)s(P<0.01)and(77±11)s(P<0.01)when mice were ip given triptolide 40,80 and 160μg · kg-1 respectively,and(64 ± 9)s(P<0.01)in IMI hydro?chloride 10 mg?kg-1 group,and(72±6)s(P<0.01)in FLU group(10 mg?kg-1). Moreover,the expression of p-CREB in the hippocampus and frontal cortex significantly increased in triptolide 80 and 160μg·kg-1 groups(P<0.05),so did the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus and frontal cortex in triptolide 80 and 160μg·kg-1 groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Triptolide can ameliorate the depressive-like behavior in chronically unpredictable stressed mice,which may be related to the cAMP-CREB-BDNF signal transduction cascades.

Objective To assess whether asymmetric spin echo version of echo planar imaging (ASE EPI) sequence can reflect cerebral oxygen metabolism by means of the changes in oxygen extraction fraction values before and after surgical operations in the canine model of ischimia. Methods A total of 12 healthy crossbreed dogs were enrolled in this study. All canines underwent cerebral MR imaging including coronal T2WI, DWI, MRA, ASE EPI and 3D PCASL. The bilateral carotid arteries (CA) were separated by surgical operations. The bilateral CA were ligated in 6 dogs, and the other 6 dogs had embolization in ligated bilateral CA. The cerebral MR imaging with the above protocol was repeated at 1 hour after surgical operation for each dog. All dogs were executed when they finished the MR examinations. Then the whole brains of the dogs were taken out for cutting coronal sections and 2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The ASE EPI data were processed by the Functool software in the workstation to generate OEF maps. For measuring the OEF values before and 1 hour after surgical operations, one and the same region of interest (ROI) was respectively placed in the left and right hemispheres on the OEF maps for each dog. 3D PCASL data were processed by the Functool software in the workstation to yield CBF maps. The method for measuring the CBF values before and 1 hour after surgical operations on CBF maps was same as that for measuring on OEF maps. The changes of measurements before and after surgical operations were compared between the dogs with ligated bilateral CA and the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA by using an independent samples t test. The measurements before and after surgical operations were respectively compared in the dogs with ligated bilateral CA and the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA by using a paired t-test. The cutting slices with TTC staining were analysed for determining ischimia. Results The CBF values of the dogs with ligated bilateral CA were (59.81±23.59) and (38.56± 12.98) ml/(min · 100 g) before and after surgical operations, respectively. The CBF values of the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA were (58.94±18.35) and (28.01±11.41) ml/(min·100 g) before and after surgical operations, respectively. The CBF values were significantly lower before surgical operations than after surgical operations in the dogs with ligated bilateral CA and the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA, respectively (t=8.92 and 13.42, respectively; P=0.00, respectively). The CBF values were decreased more significantly in the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA than in the dogs with ligated bilateral CA (t=2.92, P=0.00). The OEF values of the dogs with ligated bilateral CA were 0.29±0.02 and 0.32 ± 0.06 before and after surgical operations, respectively. The OEF values of the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA were 0.29 ± 0.02 and 0.35 ± 0.06 before and after surgical operations, respectively. The OEF values were significantly higher before surgical operations than after surgical operations in the dogs with ligated bilateral CA and the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA, respectively (t=-7.21 and-4.43, respectively;P=0.00, respectively). The OEF values were increased more significantly in the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA than in the dogs with ligated bilateral CA (t=2.18, P=0.03). The pathological results showed that the dogs with embolization in ligated bilateral CA had swollen cortex with focal infarction which was matched with the hyperintensity areas on the OEF and DWI images. However, the dogs with ligated bilateral CA only had swollen cortex whereas didn't have focal infarction. Conclusions ASE EPI sequence can reliably reflect cerebral oxygen metabolism in ischemia. This sequence has an important role for assessing hemodynamic state in patients with cerebral vascular diseases.