Neuropathic pain arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affects the somatosensory.Its symptoms include spontaneous,hyperalgesia and allodynia pain.Pain management is not satisfied through merely analgesics.To manage pain effectively is difficult in clinic.The paper is to review the progress of the mechanism of neuropathic pain.

Objective To investigate the effect of parecoxib on hippocompal inflammation following partial hepatectomy in aged rats.The effects of selective COX-2 inhibitor (parecoxib) on hippocampal inflammation were also evaluated.Methods Seventy male rats,aged 20 months,weighing 500-600 g,were randomly divided into three groups: control (n=10),surgery (n=30),and parecoxib (n=30).Control animals received sterile saline to control for the effects of injection stress.Rats in the surgery group received partial hepatectomy under isoflurane anesthesia and sterile saline injection.Rats in the parecoxib group received surgery and anesthesia similar to surgery group rats,and parecoxib treatment.On postanesthetic day 1,3 and 7,animals were euthanized to assess the hippocampal COX-2 expression,PGE2 production and caspase-3 expression.Results Surgery significantly increased the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression,PGE2 production and caspase-3 protein expression on day 1 postoperatively (P<0.01),until day 3 (P<0.05) compared to control group.Parecoxib treatment group significantly suppressed COX-2 mRNA and protein expression,PGE2 production and caspase-3 protein expression on postoperative day 1 and day 3 (P<0.05 or P<0.01),in comparison with the surgery group.There was no significant difference between control group and other groups of the expression of COX-2 mRNA and protein expression,PGE2 production and caspase-3 protein expression on day 7.Conclusion Partial hepatectomy induces a short-term hippocampal inflammatory response in the rats.Parecoxib suppressed the hippocampal inflammation via the down-regulation of COX-2 mRNA and protein,PGE2 and caspase-3 protein in rats following partial hepatectomy.

Diaphragm is the principal respiratory muscle.Diaphragm dysfunction resulting from mechanical ventilation,chronic cardiopulmonary disease,medicine,cardio-thoracic surgery,septic shock and chronic malnutrition predisposes to weaning failure from mechanical ventilation and prolongs intensive care unit (ICU) stay.Traditionally,the method of assessment of diaphragm structure and function was invasive,lacking specific,and was difficult to be used bedside.A number of recent studies have been suggested that ultrasonographic evaluation has been proposed as an accurate,safe and noninvasive method of quantification of diaphragm structure and function.This article reviews the related researches of technique and the clinical applications of ultrasonography in the evaluation of diaphragmatic structure and function,which may possibly result in timely identification of patients with diaphragm dysfunction and improve the assessment of recovery from diaphragm weakness.

Objective:Mechanical ventilation has been the regular equipment or the therapy equipment in the hospital. In order to establish a safe condition of using ventilator, not only standard operations are required, but also high quality of ventilators should be ensured. This article will introduce a kind of ventilator detection system made in Switzerland, especially the portable device which supports the technology to detect ventilator at any time and every place. These detection equipments provide the protection of high risk medical equipment. Methods: According to the requirement of mechanical ventilation detection and the instruction of imtmedical ventilator detection system, the application methods of imtmedical detection system were introduced. Results: Compared the difference with other ventilator detectors, the priority, portability, stability and accuracy of the Citrex H4 detection were understood. Conclusion:The Citrex H4 ventilator detector is satisfactory for quality testing of ventilator, ion evaluate can make the output performance parameters more accurate and the quality higher.of the ventilators.

ObjectiveTo investigate p38 MAPK protein expression in human breast tumors and the regulation of preoperative chemotherapy. MethodsWe assessed p38 MAPK protein in 50 cases of breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue and that of breast benign tumors in 14 cases by Western blot. 15 cancer patients received preoperative CAF or TA protocol. Results The p38 protein level in tumors was significantly greater than that in the normal tissues, while there was not significant difference between benign tumors and corresponding normal tissue. p38 protein T/N ratio was higher in patients with lymph node metastasis than patients without( P

Objective To understand the ambient PM2.5 component and the toxicity to primary cultured myocardial cells of neonatal rats. Methods Primary myocardial cells cultures were prepared from 1-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with PM2.5 suspension and its organic and water-soluble extracts at various concentrations for 24 h. The cellular viability was measured with MTT methods, and the beat of myocardial cells was observed and counted under inverted microscope. Results PM2.5 suspension and its organic and water-soluble extracts increased the viability of myocardial cells at the concentrations below 10.0 ?g/ml, but above this, they could significantly decrease the viability of myocardial cells with a dose-dependent manner. The toxicity of organic extract of PM2.5 was significantly higher than that of water-soluble extract. PM2.5 suspension and its organic and water-soluble extracts also dose-dependently inhibited the beat frequencies of myocardial cells. Conclusion PM2.5 and its extracts show a hormesis effect on the cultured myocardial cells in the case of the cellular viability is taken as the response parameter. PM2.5 and its extracts can inhibit the beat of myocardial cells.

Objective:Now the mechanical ventilation has become the essential emergency or therapy equipment in the all sizes of hospitals. However with the widely application of ventilators, they are still the kind of high risk of medical instruments. In order to reduce various equipment failures, an overall management strategy based on traceability of two-dimension code is constructed in this article, which will provide a new direction for medical equipment management.Methods: Using the popular application of WiFi network and creating the only identified two-dimension code, the overall management strategy is established for the ventilators.Results: The centralized and decentralized management model is adopted in the preservation of ventilators. And all the operators of ventilators will be supported technology service about equipment failures and setting parameters by the respiratory department and engineering department. In addition to this, the two departments should organize the staff to learn the operation of ventilators in the hospital. All of those compose the structure of overall management.Conclusion: With the management of this method, the efficiency of ventilators is improved, and the rate of machine failures is dropped. The difficulty about technology service caused by space can be solved in time. Finally, the professional ability of the staff in hospital will be improved with the communication among the different departments.

More and more attentions have been paid to the harm of environmental arsenic pollution to human health.The mechanism of arsenic metabolism in human body was described,the interaction mechanism and research advance were reviewed in the present paper,including the damages to skin,digestive system,urinary system,immune function,nervous system,cardiovascular system,respiratory system and inheritance system.It is useful not only to enhance understanding for the relation between arsenic pollution and health damage,but also to provide the basic theory to control the arsenic pollution.The present paper also made suggestions in the future research in this field.

Objective To study the status of knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) of environmental health among urban and rural residents and the influencing factors. Methods Totally,4 607 urban and rural residents from Lanzhou,Taiyuan,Shanghai and Qingdao were recruited and investigated by the self-designed questionnaire from July 3rd to August 10th 2007. In the questionnaire,a certain number of related questions were designed mainly on environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice. The datas were analyzed with SPSS13.0 software. Results The average scores of environmental health knowledge,attitude and practice of urban and rural residents were 4.14?1.30,4.88?0.85 and 4.05?1.11 respectively. The main influencing factors of environmental health knowledge were education background (?=0.220,P

Objective To explore the value of spectral curve in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumor of the musculoskeletal system.Methods 100 patients with mass of the musculoskeletal system which were found by MRI underwent Dis-covery HD750 Gemstone CT scan ,and the images acquired were processed.Areas with homogenous density which did not contain necrosis,cyst,hemorrhage and calcification were chosen as region of interest(ROI).The optimal Kev on single energy images was selected,then the Kev-CT curve was automatically generated.All 100 patients proved by histological examination were divided into four groups,38 cases were as group A with benign tumor,10 cases as group B with borderline tumor,49 cases as group C with ma-lignant tumor and 3 cases of lipoma(that were analyzed separately since its curve was arc shaped).Average slope rate of every group was calculated according to the formula:K=(HU40keV-HU80keV)/40.Kruskal Wallis test was applied for statistical analysis,P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistical significant.Results The spectral curve of group C was sharply falling type with a mean slope rate of 1.64±1.00,that of group A was gradually falling type with a mean slope rate of 0.75±0.30,and that of group B was 1.34±0.45.The difference of slope rate between group A and C and between A and B were of statistical significance(P<0.05).The spectral curve of 3 lipomas showed arc shaped rising type with a mean slope rate of-2.00.Conclusion Spectral curve is useful in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumor of the musculoskeletal system.Arc shaped curve is a specific sign for tumors containing abundant fat.