Objective To investigate the tolerance of chemotherapy based on gemcitabine and cisplatin in elderly patients (> 70 years old) with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis in 34 elderly patients with advanced pancreatic cancer between January 2004 and January 2009 was performed. Results 6 patients had partial remission (PR) and 16 patients had stable diaease (SD). The clinical benefit response (CBR) rate was 64.7%. 18 patients reduced their analgesics dose exceeding 50% , as well as pain intensity descended exceeding 35% , 22 patients had the weight increased more than 7% and had improved general well-being. The incidence rate of nausea and vomiting was 38. 2% (13/34) , 4 patients had worsened liver function and aggravated skin and sclera stained yellow. Incidence of Ⅲ- Ⅳ myelosuppressive was 34. 6% , and there were decrease in the number of white blood cell, hemoglobin, platelets to some extent, the rate of thrombocytopenia was 28. 3% (12/34) , blood routine normalized after using G-CSF. There was no occurrence of peripheral neurotoxicity or chemotherapy-related death. Conclusions Chemotherapy of gemcitabine in combination with cisplatin was tolerable for elderly patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who were in good condition of behavior.

Objective To observe expression of human beta-defensin-3 (HBD-3) in tissues around the infected artificial prostheses and investigate its value in treatment and diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).Methods According to clinical diagnosis,periprosthetic tissues and normal synovial membrane excised in operation were collected and divided into the following four groups:PJI group (n =13),aseptic loosening group (loosening group,n =9),spacer treatment group (treatment group,n =12),and normal group (n =15).HE staining was used to observe infiltration of inflammatory cells.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect positive cells number and fluorescence intensity.Image-pro plus (IPP) 7.0C software was used to measure the average value of absorbance.Preoperative peripheral white blood cell count,erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),and C-reactive protein (CRP) results were documented.Then,differences of those parameters were analyzed and compared among groups.Results HE staining revealed that all groups had different degree of inflammatory cell infiltration except for normal group.Immunofluorescence staining revealed that the most number of positive cells and highest fluorescence intensity existed in PJI group.Value of absorbance in PJI group was 0.430 ± 0.013,followed by 0.308 ±0.005 in loosening group,0.234 ± 0.009 in treatment group,and 0.089 ± 0.019 in normal group.Preoperative peripheral white blood cell count,ESR and CRP were the highest in PFI group,but were not significantly different among the remaining three groups.Conclusion HBD-3 is highly expressed in tissues around the prostheses which had infection or aseptic loosening,but its expression in response to infection and loosening has difference.

Nisin, produced by several strains in the growth process of Lactococcus lactis, is a natural antimicrobial polypeptide.Now, Nisin has served as an effective and safe food additive extensively used in food industry in many countries and regions because of its excellent antimicrobial activity.However, the current production of Nisin is largely fermented by lactobacillus and its industrialized production still can not meet enormous market needs, therefore establishing reasonably high-yield Nisin strains is of great significance.This review mainly summarizes the development pathway of molecule based on the functional expression of Nisin biosynthetic genes and regulation of gene expression, and also the study status on high Nisin-producing strains which provides practical foundation for further study on expected strains as well as some useful guidance for large-scale industrialized production of Nisin.

Objective:To construct a psychological aging scale,and to provide a tool and indexes for scientific evaluation on aging.Methods:The age-related psychological items were collected through literature screening and expert interview.The importance,feasibilityand the degree of authority for the psychological index system were graded by two rounds of Delphi method.Using analytic hierarchy process,the weight of dimensions and items were determined.The analysis for internal consistency reliability,correlation and exploratory factor was performed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scales.Results:By two rounds of Delphi method,17 experts offered the results as follows:the coefficient of expert authorities was 0.88±0.06,the coordination coefficients for the importance and feasibility in second round were 0.456 (P＜0.01) and 0.666 (P＜0.01),respectively.The consistency was good.The psychological aging scale for healthy people included 4 dimensions as follows:cognitive function,emotion,personality and motivation.The weight coefficients for the 4 dimensions were 0.338,0.250,0.166 and 0.258,respectively.The Cronbach's α coefficient for the scale was 0.822,the reliability was 0.817,the content validity index (CVI) was 0.847,and the cumulative contribution rate for the 5 factors was5 1.42％.Conclusion:The psychological aging scale is satisfied,which can provide reference for the evaluation for aging.The indicators were representative and well-recognized.

Objective To prepare urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA)-loaded anionic lipid microbubbles (uPA-MBs) for thrombolysis with low-frequency ultrasound in vitro.Methods Anionic microbubbles composing of 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC),1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(l'-rac-glycerol) (DPPG),1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol amine-N (succinyl PEG2000) (DSPE-PEG2000) and perfluoropropane (C3F8) were prepared by the mechanical vibration method.Then,the resulting anionic microbubbles were incubated with uPA.uPA-MBs were obtained via electrostatic adsorption.Bubble size and distribution were measured by particle size analyzer.FITC-labeled uPA-MBs were obtained and observed under fluorescence microscope.The surface potential of uPA-MBs and plain microbubbles (P-MBs) were detected by Zeta potential analyzer.Sodium dodecyl sulfonate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used for confirming the binding of uPA protein and anionic microbubbles.The encapsulation efficiency of uPA-MBs was determined by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay kit under three different dosages of uPA (10 000,50 000 and 100 000 U).The thrombolysis efficiency of uPA-MBs combined with low-frequency ultrasound was examined in vitro.Two-sample t test,one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni test were performed to analyze the data.Results UPA-MBs were successfully obtained with the mean particle size of (1.76±0.29) μm.The surface potential of these bubbles was significantly higher than that of P-MBs:(-36.64±0.21) mV vs (-66.33±2.38) mV (t =21.538,P＜0.05).Fluorescence microscope showed a green shell of FITC-labeled uPA-MBs.The encapsulation efficiency of uPAMBs with the added dosage of 10 000 U was (42.01±2.02) ％,which was significantly higher than those of 50000 and 100 000 U ((33.24±1.95)％ and (33.10±1.65)％ respectively,F=22.340,P＜0.05).The thrombolysis efficiency by saline was (4.09±0.80)％,saline + ultrasound (8.50±1.48)％,MBs + ultrasound (14.27± 1.59) ％,uPA-MBs + ultrasound (35.72±6.31) ％ and uPA (16.87±0.46) ％,respectively (F =48.783,t =-8.613,-7.273,-5.942,-6.908,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Anionic microbubbles can successfully load uPA,and achieve significantly better thrombolysis effect when combined with low-frequency ultrasound.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of qingchang huashi recipe (QHR) on the dendritic cells (DCs) of experimental colitis rats, thus exploring its possible mechanisms for treating ulcerative colitis (UC).

METHODSThe UC rat model was induced by TNBS/anhydrous alcohol. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, i.e., the normal group, the model group, the QHR group, and the Mesalazine group, 10 in each group. Since the 2nd day of modeling, corresponding medication was respectively administered to each treatment group by gastrogavage for 10 successive days. The number of DCs in the colonic mucosa was observed using iMmunohistochemical assay. The DCs ratio in the mesenteric lymph nodes, and the expressions of surface molecules MHC-II and CD86 were detected using flow cytometry.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the number of DCs in the colonic mucosa significantly decreased, the expression of MHC-II in the mesenteric lymph nodes significantly decreased in the QHR group and the Mesalazine group, showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). There was no statistical difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no statistical difference in the DCs ratios and the CD86 expression among the 4 groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONQHR could decrease the infiltration of DCs in the colonic mucosa, and suppress the activation of DCs in the mesenteric lymph nodes, which might be one of its mechanisms for treating UC.

Animals ; Colitis, Ulcerative ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Intestinal Mucosa ; cytology ; Lymph Nodes ; cytology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Mesentery ; cytology ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the etiological characteristics and drug resistance of patients with bloodstream infection (BSI) in the bacterial resistance monitoring network in Hainan Province from 2018 to 2020, so as to provide laboratory data for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods　The clinical data of the subjects were collected, and the etiological characteristics of BSI patients and drug resistance of commonly used drugs in clinical treatment were analyzed retrospectively. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results　A total of 877 strains were isolated, including Gram-negative bacteria (584 strains, 66.6%), Gram-positive bacteria (239 strains, 27.2%) and fungi (54 strains, 6.2%); male patients (591 cases, 67.4%), female patients (286 cases, 32.6%); inpatients (780 cases, 88.9%), outpatient and emergency patients (97 cases, 11.1%); the main primary diseases of BSI patients were hypertension, cerebral infarction and type 2 diabetes, and the main primary infections were pulmonary infection and urinary system infection. Intensive care unit (25.2%, 221 cases), emergency department (10.9%, 96 cases), oncology department (9.1%, 80 cases), nephrology department (6.8%, 60 cases) and hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery department (4.3%, 38 cases) had the highest proportion of pathogenic bacteria. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Viridans group streptococci and Candida albicans were the most frequently isolated pathogens. The detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were 3.4%, 15.2% and 36.4% respectively. The carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli was not checked out. The detection rates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant coagulase negative Staphylococcus were 18.5% and 79.1% respectively. Conclusions　Gram-negative bacteria are the most common pathogens of BSI, and inpatients are the main source of BSI. Age, underlying diseases and primary infection are the risk factors of BSI. Clinical laboratories should strengthen the etiological monitoring of high-risk patients with BSI, and the resistance analysis of common antibiotics can provide a basis for the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.

Objective To detect the expression of BclGL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to investigate its significance.Methods Peripheral blood was obtained from 20 patients with active SLE (A-SLE),18 patients with inactive SLE (Ⅰ-SLE) and 30 healthy controls.Flow cytometry was performed to calculate the number of PBMCs,flow cytometry combined with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) staining to determine the early apoptotic rates of PBMCs,fluorescence-based quantitative PCR and Western blot to measure the expression of BclGL mRNA and protein,respectively.The serum level of interferon (IFN)-α was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Data were analyzed by using the software SPSS13.0.Mann-Whitney U-test or Kruskal-Wallis test was used for group comparisons.Pearson correlation coefficient test was applied to evaluate the relationship of BclGL expression with cell apoptotic rate and some clinical parameters.Results The number of PBMCs was significantly lower in patients with A-SLE than in those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls ((0.16 ± 0.06) × 109/L vs.(0.27 ± 0.14) × 109/L and (0.34 ± 0.23) × 109/L,both P ＜ 0.01).Increased apoptotic rate of PBMCs was observed in patients with A-SLE compared with those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls ((22.6 ± 1.1)％ vs.(16.4 ±0.9)％ and (10.1 ± 0.4)％,both P ＜ 0.01),and in patients with Ⅰ-SLE compared with the healthy controls (P ＜0.01).The mRNA and protein expressions of BclGL in PBMCs were both significantly higher in patients with ASLE than in those with Ⅰ-SLE and healthy controls (all P ＜ 0.01).A significant increase was observed in serum IFN-α level in the patients with SLE compared with the healthy controls ((32.5 ± 2.2) μg/L vs.(15.5 ± 1.3) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01).The mRNA expression of BclGL in PBMCs from patients with SLE was positively correlated with the apoptotic rate in PBMCs (r =0.486,P ＜ 0.01),SLE disease activity index score (r =0.496,P ＜ 0.01),titers of antinuclear antibodies (r =0.516,P ＜ 0.01) and serum IFN-o level (r =0.535,P ＜ 0.01),but was negatively correlated with complement C3 level (r =-0.515,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The increased expression of BclGL in PBMCs may contribute to the abnormal apoptosis in PBMCs,which in turn takes part in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Objective To assess differential expression profiles of microRNAs(miRNAs) in HaCaT human keratinocytes before and after p53 gene silencing,and to make a functional analysis of target genes.Methods Lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) was used to silence p53 gene in HaCaT cells.Total RNA was extracted using Trizol reagent.Then,miRNAs were isolated by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and subjected to fluorescent labeling using T4RNA ligase followed by hybridization to a mammalian miRNA chip.Microarrays were scanned by a GenePix 4000B microarray scanner and fluorescence ratios were determined with the GenePix Pro 6.0 software.The TargetScan software was used to predict target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs (＞2-fold difference in expression level),and the top 20 target genes with the highest enrichment score were selected for each miRNA and subjected to functional analysis and pathway analysis through the KEGG signaling database.Results Totally,53 differentially expressed miRNAs,including 12 down-regulated and 41 up-regulated miRNAs,were identified in HaCaT cells after p53 silencing as compared to those before p53 silencing.Of these 53 differentially expressed miRNAs,5 (hsa-miR-141-3p,hsa-miR-15a-5p,hsa-miR-27a-3p,hsa-miR-130b-3p,hsa-miR-19a-3p) showed a more than 200-fold increase in expression,and 4 (hiv1-miR-TAR-3p,hsa-miR-630,hsa-miR-1246,hsa-miR-1275) experienced a more than 4-fold decrease in expression in HaCaT cells after p53 silencing.Functional analysis and pathway analysis revealed that some target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway,metabolic pathways,and tumor invasion.Conclusion Nine miRNAs,including hsa-miR-141-3p,may be involved in p53-mediated molecular regulation.

Objective To assess sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD) for DNA fragmentation evaluation in human infertility, and the correlation between these two methods. Methods We used SCSA and SCD assays to detect DNA fragmentation in sperm from 134 infertile men. The correlation of SCSA and SCD assays was analyzed. The sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was divided into 3 groups (≤15%DFI, >15~≤30%DFI and>30%DFI), and the difference between SCSA and SCD assays was assessed. Results The SCSA assay was strongly correlated with the SCD assay for sperm DNA fragmentation (r=0.915, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between>15~ ≤30%DFI and>30%DFI groups. However, SCD showed higher levels of DNA fragmentation than that measured by SCSA for≤15%DFI group (13.50 4.82 vs 9.79 2.60, P<0.001). Conclusion There is a strong positive correlation between SCSA and SCD assays in detection of DNA fragmentation. SCD assay showed higher levels of DNA fragmentation than that measured by SCSA for≤15%DFI group.