OBJECTIVE To find out the usage of the antibiotics in an infectious disease hospital and provide improvement method as well as instructional foundation for applying the antibiotics in a reasonable way. METHODS The antibiotic usage in 5507 cases recorded in medical histories during the period of the whole hospitalization from Jan to Dec 2007 was investigate. RESULTS The drug utilization rate was 20.81% in the hepatopathy department,67.65% in the general infection department,68.06% in the department of obstetrics gynecology(OG) and 53.10% in the the surgery department.The usage in OG and general infection departments was obviously higher than in the hepatopathy one. CONCLUSIONS The usage of the antibiotics is still not very reasonable,and more attention should be paid to normolizing it.

Chronic hyperglycemia is often accompanied by abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, low-grade systemic inflammation and oxidative stress.These factors increase the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Comprehensive treatment of T2DM should emphasize the improvement of abnormal lipid metabolism, prevention of weight gain and reduction of the CVD risk in addition to proper glycemic control.Incretin, as a new hypoglycemic drug, has more advantages in improving glucose and lipid metabolism, finally to reduce cardiovascular risk.Through possible mechanisms including direct influence on liver lipid metabolism, change of fat mobilization and delay of gastric emptying, incretin shows positive influence on the lipid metabolic markers such as low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, and total cholesterol, while it improves glucose control.Thus, incretin plays an important role in the comprehensive management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Colonic Polyps ; genetics ; pathology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Genes, APC ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Intestinal Polyps ; genetics ; pathology ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Mucin-2 ; Mucins ; analysis ; Mutation

Objective: To investigate whether Shuxuening injection has a protective effect on myocardial injury in rats with cecal ligation and puncture(CLP)- induced sepsis. Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly allocated to Sham group, CLP group and Shuxuening group (SXN group). In the Shuxuening group, Shuxuening injection was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 1 mg(0.3 ml)/body weight 1 h before CLP challenge. The sham and CLP groups received an equal volume of saline injection (0.3 ml/kg) at the same time points. Six hours later, the blood samples were obtained from abdominal aorta to determine the contents of TnT, TNF-α, and IL-1β. Meanwhile, MDA contents and SOD activities in myocardial tissues were also tested and the pathologic changes of the myocardial tissue were observed by H-E staining. Results: Compared with CLP group, the serum contents of TnT, TNF-α, and IL-1β and myocardial tissue MDA were decreased in Shuxuening group; and the myocardial tissue SOD activities were significantly increased in Shuxuening group (P<0.05 or 0.01). Microscope observation showed that the degrees of myocardial congestion, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration were greatly improved in the Shuxuening group compared with in the CLP group. Conclusion: Our results suggest that Shuxuening can protect against CLP-induced myocardial injury in rats, probably through scavenging free radical and inhibiting release of inflammatory mediators.

Objective To understand the current status of advanced schistosomiasis patients, so as to provide the reference for improving the medical care of them in Shanggao County. Methods The data of advanced patients in Shanggao County were collected from the Information Management System for the Advanced Schistosomiasis Chemotherapy and Assistance in Jiangxi Province and a field survey including the epidemiological investigation physical examinations and B ultrasound examinations was performed in 2014. All the data were analyzed statistically and compared with those in 2010. Results Among the 128 ad?vanced schistosomiasis patients the male female ratio was 2.46 1 the average age was 68.02±6.19 years and the patients old?er than 65 years contributed to 64.84%for the all. The proportions of clinically types of ascites splenomegaly multiple granulo?ma in the colon dwarf general and haemorrhage were 57.81% 12.50% 2.34% 0 26.57% and 0.78% respectively. The ultrasound examinations revealed the average diameter of the main trunk of portal vein was 12.70 ± 1.91mm in 2014 which was significantly broader than that of 12.05 ± 0.34mm in 2010 P < 0.01 . Conclusions The advanced schistosomiasis patents in Shanggao County decreases with years and shows an aging trend. Some advanced schistosomiasis patients are worse therefore the chemotherapy and salvation work still should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of laparoscopic myomectomy.Methods According to the digital table method,75 myoma patients were divided into the study group (42 cases received laparoscopic myomectomy) and the control group(33 cases received transabdonmial myomectomy).The operation time,the time of intestinal function recovery,the amount of bleeding and the postoperative hospital stay time of the two groups were recorded and compared.Results The amount of bleeding,the time of intestinal function recovery and the postoperative hospital stay time of the study group were (111.50 ± 19.38) ml,(17.76 ± 3.64),(4.95 ± 0.54) d,respectively,which were significantly less than those of the control group [(131.15 ± 27.85) ml,(31.64 ± 5.70) h,(7.12± 1.08)d] (t =3.60,12.81,11.35,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Laparoscopic myomectomy has the advantages of less trauma,quicker recovery,shorter hospitalization time etc,so it is worthy of promotion and application in clinic.

Heme oxygenase- 1 ( HO- 1 ) can catalyze the decomposition of heme and the products of its enzymatic activity,including carbon monoxide, biliverdin, bilintbin and ferritin, can play a significant cytoprotective role in antagonizing inflammation, protecting cells from oxidative injury and cellular stresses. The method of gene transfer can maintain target gene expression for a long time,can regulate the inflammatory immune response. HO- 1 gene transfer has made marked results in research of numerous diseases. In this article,we give a review of feasibility of HO-1 gene transfer therapy in acute pancreatitis.

Objective Pathogen and antimicrobial susceptibility in children with bacterial meningitis were reviewed.Methods The positive cultures of cerebrospinal fluid samples or blood samples and its antimicrobial susceptibility were analyzed in 401 patients with the clinical diagnosis of bacterial meningitis.Results 401 cases cerebrospinal fluid samples and blood samples submitted to microbiology laboratory, 97 cases (24%) were microscopically and culturally proven to be bacterial meningitis. The most frequent pathogen was staphylococcus aureus (28%), followed by the streptococcus pneumoniae (19%) and escherichia coli (13%). Pediococci as conditioned pathogen, were found in purulent meningitis patients. One of the isolates of Staphylococcus aureus was simultaneously resistant to both vancomycin and teicoplanin. Three isolates showed simultaneous resistance to imipenem/cilastatin.Conclusions Staphylococcus aureus as the predominant pathogens of pediatric ranks first among pediatric patients of purulent meningitis. Serious drug resistance of isolated pathogenic bacteria and its in antimicrobial susceptibility in the bacterial meningitis should be considered in clinical therapy.

Objective To investigate the results of follow-up visits of pregnancy course, delivery and infants of women who got clinically pregnant by assisted reproductive technique after gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) added for luteal support, and to analyse the influence of adding GnRH-a in luteal support on the safety of mother and infant. Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out on the medical record from 215 patients who got clinically pregnant after luteal phase long regimen fresh-cycle transfer was operated. According to the differences in luteal support methods, the patients were assigned to Group A (124 patients, progesterone+dydrogesterone group), Group B (91 patients, GnRH-a added group). The patients′ pregnancy course, delivery time, and the growth and development of infants within 1-2 years were followed up. Results (1)There was no obvious difference between Group A and Group B in terms of the abortion ratio during the early pregnancy (8.1%, 12.1%), the rate of abortion villous deformity (50.0%, 9.1%), the rate of heterotopic pregnancy (10.5%, 5.5%) and rate of twin pregnancy (19.4%, 28.6%;all P>0.05).(2)Compared to group A, during the middle and late pregnancy of single or twin pregnancy in Group B , there was no obvious difference in the rate of fetal chromosomal abnormality, organ malformation incidence, late abortion rate and stillbirth rate (all P>0.05).(3)As to childbirth, in the case of twin pregnancy, there was a higher rate of premature delivery (60.0%, 39.1%;P=0.041), as well as rate of lower birth weight of newborn (56.0%, 34.8%; P=0.037) in group B.(4)The statistics on general growth and development as well as infantile common diseases within 2 years after birth indicated that there was no obvious difference between the two groups in single birth and twin birth subgroup (all P>0.05). Conclusion On the basis of controlling of implanted embryos and reducing the occurrence of twins, GnRH-a luteal support maybe relatively safe and effective.

Aim: A new derivative LC-MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of zofenopril and its active metabolite zofenoprilat to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of zofenopril and zofenopri-lat in healthy Chinese volunteers after single and multiple oral doses of zofenopril calcium tablets. Methods: Ten Chinese healthy volunteers were given three single oral doses of 15,30, and 60 mg, respectively, and consecutively the multiple doses of 30 mg. The concentration and pharmacokinetic parameters of both the parent drug and the active metabolite were simultaneously determined by derivative LC-MS method using p-bromophenacyl bromide (p-BPB) as the derivative reagent. Results: After the single oral administrations of 15, 30, and 60 mg of zofeno-pril calcium, there was no significant difference in the t_(1/2) of both zofenopril and zofenoprilat among the three do-ses. The values of AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both zofenopril and zofenoprilat showed the good linearities to the dosage over the dose range from 15 mg to 60 mg. There were no significant differences in AUC_(0-24h) and c_(max) for both com-pounds between female and male volunteers. After multiple oral administration( 30 mg once daily for 6 days ), the average steady state plasma concentration( c_(av)) for zofenopril was (5. 07 ±1. 06) ng/mL with the degree of fluctu-ation (DF) of 14. 26 ± 2. 94. The c_(av) for zofenoprilat was (6. 28 ± 1. 87) ng/mL with the DF of 11. 61 ±4. 68. The accumulation index values for zofenopril and zofenoprilat were 0. 94 ± 0. 31 and 0. 83±0. 13, respec-tively. Conclusion: Both zofenopril and zofenoprilat were demonstrated of linear kinetics after single administra-tion and showed no accumulation after multiple administration of the test zofenopril calcium tablets. There was significant difference in the pharmacokinetic characteristics for zofenopril calcium between healthy Chinese and European volunteers.