Objective To explore the effect of seminar applied in instruction of Introduction of Nursing Science for advanced vocational nursing students.Methods A total of 246 advanced vocational nursing students admitted in 2013 from class 1 to class 5 were named as the control group,who received traditional teaching method.Meanwhile a total of 252 advanced vocational nursing students admitted in 2013 from class 6 to 10 were set as the experimental group,and were given seminar teaching.We adopted California Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory Scale,Academic Self-efficacy Scale and an anonymous questionnaire for teaching satisfaction.Theoretical examination was used to be final evaluation.Results The scores of theoretical examination in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group.The scores of critical thinking ability and academic self-efficacy of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group,with a significant difference.The result of the anonymous questionnaire showed that the experimental group showed a higher satisfaction degree with seminar teaching method.Conclusions Seminar teaching method applied in Introduction of Nursing Science is feasible and effective,which is better than traditional method in improving critical thinking ability,academic self-efficacy and teaching satisfaction.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon α2b (rhIFN α2b) combined with bozhi glycopeptides or thymopentin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB).METHODS:Ninety HBeAg-positive CHB patients were selected from our hospital during Jan.2014-Jan.2015 and then randomly divided into group A,B,C,with 30 cases in each group.Group A was given rhINF α2b for injection (Pseudomonas) 5 million IU subcutaneously,qod;group B was additionally given Bozhi glycopeptides injection 4 mL added into 5％ Glucose injection 250 mL,ivgtt,qd,on the basis of group A;group C was additionally given Thymopentin for injection 2 mg added into 5％ Glucose injection 250 mL,ivgtt,qd,on the basis of group A.Three groups were treated for 24 weeks.The rate of ALT recovering to normal,negative rate of HBeAg,transformation rate of HBeAg/anti-HBeAg serum,negative rate of HBV-DNA and the decrease of HBsAg and HBV-DNA were compared among 2 groups after 4,8,12,24 weeks of treatment.The occurrence of ADR was recorded.RESULTS:After 4,8,12 weeks of treatment,there was no statistical significance in the rate of ALT recovering to normal,negative rate of HBeAg,transformation rate of HBeAg and the decrease of HBsAg among 3 groups (P＞0.05).After 4 weeks,negative rate of HBV-DNA in group B,C were significantly higher than group A;the decrease of HBV-DNA in group C were more significant than group A and B,with statistical significance (P＜0.05).After 8,12 weeks of treatment,the negative rate of HBV-DNA and the decrease of HBV-DNA in group B,C were significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance (P＜0.05);but there was no statistical signifi cance between group B and C (P＞0.05).After 24 weeks of treatment,there was no statistical significance in the rate of ALT recovering to normal,transformation rate of HBeAg,the decrease of HBsAg and negative rate of HBsAg among 3 groups (P＞0.05).The negative rate of HBsAg,negative rate of HBV-DNA and the decrease of HBV-DNA in group B,C were significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance (P＜0.05);there was no statistical significance between group B and C (P＞0.05).There was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR among 3 groups(P＞0.05).CONCLUSIONS:rhIFN α2bcombined with bozhi glycopeptides or thymopentin shows good inhibitory effect on CHB,therapeutic efficacies of them are similar in the rate of ALT recovering to normal,but transformation rate of HBeAg,the decrease of HBsAg and negative rate of HBeAg.

OBJECTIVE:To discuss the adjustment of patients'medication psychology in clinical pharmaceutical care.METHODS:Various factors that influence patients'medication psychology and the effects resulted from patients'medication psychology were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSIONS:Patients'psychological effects influence the physiological effects of medicine,thus greatly influencing drug action,therefore,pharmacists'knowledge on pharmacopsychology should be strength?ened and their communication ability with patients should be improved.Furthermore,pharmacists should adjust patients'medication psychology timely to satisfy their basic psychological needs for medication.

Objective To explore the association between the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 1(TRAF1)/com-plement component 5(C5)single nucleotide polymorphism and rheumatoid arthritis patients.Methods Two groups of people were included in the study:300 rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients(RA group)and 300 healthy individuals(control group).Real-time PCR was used to test the single nucleotide polymorphisms rs3761847 and rs10818488 of TRAF1/C5.Results There was no signifi-cant difference (P >0.05)of TRAF1/C5 rs3761847 and rs10818488 polymorphism between the two groups.The linkage disequilib-rium analysis results showed that there was strong linkage disequilibrium between rs3761847 and rs10818488.For the RF,anti-CCP and anti-Sa negative RA patients,the difference in the frequency of A allele of rs3761847 between the RA patients and matched con-trols was statistically significant(P =0.001,OR =0.57,95%CI :0.41 -0.79;P =0.001,OR =0.51,95%CI :0.35 -0.76;P =0.02,OR=0.72,95%CI :0.55-0.94).Significant difference for the frequency of G allele of rs10818488 between RF positive RA patients and control groups was observed(P =0.01,OR=1.40,95%CI :1.09-1.81).Conclusion TRAF1/C5 gene polymorphism may not associate with susceptibility of RA patients in Han population in Guizhou.

Myopia is one of the three main school public health problems in China, the prevalence of which has been showing a rising and low-aging tendency in the past few decades. High myopia can cause several vision -threatening problems such as degenerative retinal conditions, cataracts, retinal detachment, and choroidal neovascularization. Its related complications are the leading causes of visual impairment and blindness, adversely impacting the afflicted individual's quality of life. Therefore, the prevention and control of myopia have become a common concern of family, school and health department. The purpose of this review is to summarize the progression of a variety of intervention methods used to prevent and control childhood myopia in recent years.

Objective To explore the mechanism of therapeutic action of needle knife “regulating sinews and treating bones” on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) by observing the effect of needle knife intervention on KOA rabbit behaviors, mechanical characteristics of patellar ligament (PL), and expressions of interleukin-4 (IL-4), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and aggrecan in knee cartilages.Methods Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated to blank, model, needle knife and electroacupuncture groups, 10 rabbits each. A rabbit model of KOA was made by the modified Videman method of immobilization in extension position. After model making, the needle knife and electroacupuncture groups received needle knife and electroacupuncture treatments, respectively. A behavioral assessment was made using the modified Lequesne MG knee grade evaluation method in every group after model making and treatment. The samples were taken after treatment. PL tension, stress relaxation and creep state were tested using a Bose Electro Force 3300 protracted test machine. Cartilage cell IL-4 expression was examined by ELISA. MMP-3 mRNA and aggrecan mRNA expressions were detected by real-time PCR.Results After model making, there was a statistically significant difference in the Lequesne MG score between the model and blank groups (P<0.01); there was no statistically significant difference in the Lequesne MG score between the needle knife or electroacupuncture group and the model group (P>0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in the Lequesne MG score between the needle knife or electroacupuncture group and the model group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and between the needle knife and electroacupuncture groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in PL maximum stress, maximum displacement, elastic modulus, stress relaxation rate and creep rate between the model and blank groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment post-treatment differences in PL maximum stress, maximum displacement, elastic modulus, stress relaxation rate and creep rate between the needle knife and model groups (P<0.01,P<0.05). There was a statistically significant post-treatment difference in elastic modulus between the electroacupuncture and model groups (P<0.01). The IL-4 content and aggrecan mRNA expression decreased significantly and MMP-3 mRNA expression increased significantly in the model group after model making and there were statistically significant differences compared with the blank group (P<0.01,P<0.05). After treatment, the IL-4 content increased significantly in the needle knife and electroacupuncture groups compared with the model group (P<0.01,P<0.05) and aggrecan mRNA expression tended to increase in the two groups. The regulation of aggrecan mRNA and MMP-3 mRNA expressions was better in the needle knife group than in the electroacupuncture groups, but there was no statistically significant difference compared with the model group (P>0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of action of needle knife treatment on KOA may be that it improves ligament mechanical characteristics, regulates intra-articular stress environment, and modulates aggrecan mRNA and MMP-3 mRNA expressions and inhibits cartilage degeneration through IL-4 mechanical signal pathway, to produce the therapeutic effect of “regulating sinews and treating bones”.

Objective To evaluate the efficiency of nutrition support in critical ill patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was made to the efficiency of the nutrition support applied to 233 critical ill patients PN+EEN→EN+per os→per os was employed as the model of nutrition support, and a nasal feeding pump was used for enteral nutrition. Results During the period of nutrition support, in the 233 patients, 26 dead, the mortality was 11.16%. Early enteral nutrition significantly decrease the mortality in critical ill patients. There existed significant differences in complications in three kinds of enteral nutrition may methods. Conclusion It is feasible to give the critical ill patients, it might help to reduced the mortality in ICU patients.

Aim Toexplorewhether1-methylhydan-toin(MH)could inhibit the basal secretion of growth hormone (GH ) and suppress the promoting effect of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH ) in rab-bits.Methods Thirty-sixrabbitswererandomlydi-vided into six experimental groups according to the kind of dosing drugs,namely normal saline group(A), MH group (B ),octreotide group (C ),GHRH group (D),GHRH +MH group(E),GHRH +octreotide group(F),with 6 rabbits in each group.Blood was sampled (1. 0 mL each time)from each rabbit before injecting drugs and 5,15,30,45,60 min after drug administration.Clotting spontaneously,rabbits blood samples were centrifugated for 20 minutes at approxi-mately 1000 ×g and the supernatant was collected. Serum GH concentrations were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit(ELISA Kit).Mean-while,the behavior of rabbits in each group after injec-tingdrugswascloselyobserved.Results TheGH level of rabbits in group A at each time point had no significant differences(P>0. 05 ).Group B and group C rabbit GH levels were significantly lower than those of group A (P<0. 05 ),while GH levels in group D were obviously higher than those of group A (P <0. 05 ).Compared with group D,rabbit GH levels in group E and group F decreased markedly(P<0. 05 ). No obvious toxic and side effects had been observed within one week after the experimental rabbits were ad-ministered corresponding drugs by intravenous injec-tion.Conclusions 1-methylhydantoincouldinhibit the basal secretion of GH in rabbits.1-methylhydan-toin could suppress the promoting effect of GHRH in rabbits.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of three methods in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods Three groups of patients received arthroscopic debridement, sodium hyaluronate injection and combined use of these two methods, respectively. Results All the patients were followed for more than 2 years. According to degrees of joint pain, joint swelling , range of motion and patients’ walking functions, comprehensive scores were obtained. In arthroscopic group, it gave good or excellent results in 86 7% of the patients 6 months ～ 1 year, in 78 8% of the patients 1 year ～ 2 years and 66 2% of the patients after 2 years. In sodium hyaluronate group, the good or excellent rates were 80 6% 6 months ～ 1 year, 72 8% 1 year ～ 2 years and 56 2 % after 2 years, respectively. In combination therapy group, the good or excellent rates were 96 8 % 6 months ～ 1 year, 87 2% 1 year ～ 2 years and 78 1% after 2 years, respectively. Conclusions All the three methods are effective: the combination treatment of arthroscopic debridement and sodium hyaluronate injection is markedly effective, the arthroscopic debridement takes the second place, and the sodium hyaluronate injection is less effective.

Objective To investigate the expression of E-cadherin (E-cad), CD44v6 and VEGF-C in esophageal carcinoma and investigate their relationship with lymph node metastasis. Methods The expression of E-cad, CD44v6 and VEGF-C was detected with immunohistochemical EnVision method in 56cases of esophageal carcinoma and 12 cases of normal esophageal mucosa. Results Among 56 cases of esophageal carcinoma, the positive expression rates of E-cad in esophageal carcinoma was 55.4 %(31/56),significantly lower than that in normal esophageal mucosa 100.0 %(12/12) (P ＜0.05). The positive expression rates of CD44v6 and VEGF-C were 71.4 % (40/56) and 62.5 % (35/56), significantly higher than that in normal esophageal mucosa (P ＜0.05). The positive rates of E-cad was 31.3 % (10/32) in the group of positive lymph node metastasis, significantly lower than that in the group of positive non-lymph-node metastasis 87.5 % (21/24) (P＜0.05). The positive rates of CD44v6 and VEGF-C were 84.4 % (27/32) and 75.0 % (24/32) in the group of positive lymph node metastasis ,significantly higher than that in the group of positive non-lymph-node metastasis 54.2 % (13/24) and 45.8 %(11/24) (P＜0.05). E-cad was negatively correlated with lymph node metastasis; CD44v6 and VEGF-C were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P ＜0.05). Conclusion E-cad, CD44v6 and VEGF-C play important roles in the process of soakage and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. The combined detection of E-cad, CD44v6 and VEGF-C can help to prodict biological behaviors and prognosis of esophageal carcinoma.