The diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease mainly depend on clinical presentation , endoscopical , histopathological and imaging findings .It has been demonstrated that fecal inflammatory biomarkers can be potential markers to replace endoscopy diagnosed disease activity .Calprotectin is a binding protein of calcium and zinc , which is mainly derived from neutrophils and macrophages .Calprotectin is an accurate noninvasive biomarker in diagnosing and monitoring inflammatory bowel disease in clin -ics.This paper reviews the progress of fecal calprotectin in the diagnosis, disease activity evaluation, clinical monitoring and prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease .

Objective To explore the effects of interactive health education on the knowledge and behaviors of medicine use and the biochemistry indicators in hemodialysis patients. Methods Forty-eight eligible hemodialysis patients were intervened with interactive health education once every month. After three times'intervention, phosphorus, hemoglobin and hematocrit level were compared before and after the intervention. Results After the intervention, phosphorus, levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit were all significantly improved ( P<0 . 001 ) compared with that before the intervention . Conclusion The interactive health education can improve the knowledge and compliance behaviors in medicine use, serum phosphate and symptoms of anemia in hemodialysis patients.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the method for the scientific and standard management of clinical trial drugs. METHODS:By theory analysis and empirical analysis,the management model of clinical trial drugs in our hospital was introduced in terms of software and hardware construction of clinical trial pharmacy,the formulation of drug management system and standard operation procedure,regular quality control and drug information management platform construction,etc. RESULTS:In the experience of our hospital,it could safeguard the safety of drug use in subjects and scientificity and preciseness of drug clinical trial results through the concentrated administration trial drugs by full-time pharmacists according to national laws and regulations,management system and standard operation procedure,and regular quality control inspection by quality control group. CONCLUSIONS:Drug clinical trial institute strictly abide the requirements of Good Clinical Practice,strengthen the management of trial drugs and im-prove information management continuously,which is of important significance to construct standardized,detailed and high-effi-ciency centralized management system of clinical trial drugs.

Objective Fecal biomarkers have emerged as an important tool for assessing and monitoring disease activity in patients with inflammatory bowel disease ( IBD) .We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of fecal neopterin and calprotectin in pa-tients with active inflammatory bowel disease and made comparison with that of serum C-reactive protein ( CRP) . Methods A total of 151 consecutive patients with IBD (84 CD and 67 UC) provided 2 gram fecal samples for the measurement of fecal neopterin( FNP) and calprotectin( FCP) concentrations and 2 milliliter blood samples for the serum C-reactive protein measurement before undergoing a colonoscopy.ELISA was applied in the measurement.Clinical disease activities were scored independently according to the Best Crohn′s Disease Activity Index(CDAI) in patients with CD, while the Modi-fied Mayo Scores in patients with UC.Comaprison was made in the relativity of each fecal marker and IBD activity score, the optimum value of diagnosing IBD acitivity as to each fecal marker, as well as sensitivity, specificity, moreover, receiver operating characteristic curve ( ROC) was drawn.50 healthy volunteers who received a normal colonoscopy were also enrolled as the control group and asked to give a 2 gram fresh stool sample. Results The FNP and FCP concentrations in patients with IBD were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(P<0.05).Both FNP and FCP concentrations differed significantly in clinically active IBD when compared with those in patients with inactive disease( P<0.001) .In CD patients, the correlation coefficients of FNP and FCP with CDAI were 0.55 and 0.59, respectively(P<0.001).In UC patients, the correlation coefficients of FNP and FCP with Mayo scores were 0.74 and 0.77, respectively( P<0.001) .The correlation coefficients of serum CRP in CD and UC patients with clinical scores were 0.49 and 0.60, respectively(P<0.001).The area under the ROC curve(AUC) of FNP and FCP for the diagnosis of clinical activity in pa-tients with CD were 0.75 and 0.80, respectively.The AUC of FNP and FCP in UC patients were 0.85 and 0.90, respectively.The AUC of serum CRP in patients with CD and UC were 0.65 and 0.74, respectively.When combined FNP with FCP, the AUC in pa-tients with CD and UC were 0.85 and 0.92, respectively. Conclusion FNP is a novel reliable and non-invasive biomarker to evalu-ate clinical disease activity in patients with IBD as accurate as FCP, It is advisable to combine FNP with FCP to evaluate disease activi-ty in patients with IBD.

Background:Peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)is a novel minimally invasive endoscopic technique for treatment of esophageal achalasia(EA). It has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in several short-term clinical studies, however,studies focusing on its mid- and long-term outcome are rare. Aims:To investigate the mid-and-long term efficacy of POEM in EA patients. Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed in 41 EA patients who underwent POEM in the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology of Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region from Jul. 2012 to Dec. 2013. All these patients were followed up periodically for clinical symptoms(Eckardt score),maximum esophageal diameter and lower esophageal sphincter pressure(LESP),and the intra- and post-operative complications and recurrence were recorded. Results:POEM was successfully completed in all 41 EA patients,the mean operative time was(69. 5 ± 20. 6)min(range 35-125 min),and the mean length of hospital stay was 3. 5 days. Compared with the pre-operative data,the post-operative Eckardt score,maximum esophageal diameter and LESP during follow-up(mean 26. 3 months, range 19-36 months)were significantly decreased(P all < 0. 05). Procedure-related complications were seen in 6 patients (14. 6% );the clinical success rate was 95. 1%(39 / 41)and the recurrence rate was 2. 4%(1 / 41). Conclusions:POEM is safe and effective in mid-and-long term follow-up with low recurrence rate. It might become the first-line therapy for EA,and the long-term efficacy and complications need further follow-up study.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of prostatic artery embolization (PAE)via transradial approach in treating prostatic hyperplasia.Methods The clinical data of 18 patients with prostatic hyperplasia,who received C-arm CT-guided PAE via left or right radial artery access,were retrospectively analyzed.The following indexes were recorded:arterial spasm and injury of upper limbs,incidence of puncture point bleeding,postoperative radial artery pulse and congestion,blood supply and nerve injury of fingers,the surgical success rate,incidence of perioperative cerebral vascular complications,operation time,radiation dose and clinical curative effect.Results Among the 18 patients,PAE via left radial artery access was employed in 14,and PAE via right radial artery access was performed in 4.Bilateral PAE was carried out in 16 patients,and only unilateral PAE was able to be successfully accomplished in 2 patients as the prostatic artery opening of the other side was tortuous with stenosis.After PAE,decreased radial pulse was observed in one patient and ultrasound examination revealed decreased blood flow.The operation time ranged from 96 min to 245 min.The radiation dose received by the patient varied from 2435 mGy to 4958 mGy with a mean of (3342±156) mGy,which was not significantly different from the radiation dose received by the patients who underwent PAE via femoral artery access during the same study period (P=0.1167).Conclusion In treating prostatic hyperplasia,PAE by using transradial approach is clinically safe and technically feasible.

Background:Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome,and may be related with the incidence of colorectal polyps. However,studies on the correlation between NAFLD and colorectal polyps are rare. Aims:To investigate the correlation between NAFLD and colorectal polyps. Methods:Clinical data of 130 asymptomatic patients accepted physical examination were retrospectively analyzed. Detection rates of NAFLD and colorectal polyps were evaluated,and the correlations with body mass index(BMI),hs-CRP,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,alanine aminotransferase(ALT),glutamyltranspeptidase(GGT)were analyzed. Results:Compared with non-NAFLD patients,the detection rate of colorectal polyps in NAFLD patients was significantly increased (66.3% vs. 40.0%,P=0.003 9),BMI,triglyceride and ALT were significantly increased(P<0.05). However,no significant differences in hs-CRP,low density lipoprotein,total cholesterol and GGT were found between NAFLD and non-NAFLD patients. Compared with non-colorectal polyps patients,the average age of patients with colorectal polyps was higher(P =0.013),and detection rate of NAFLD was significantly increased(72.6% vs. 47.4%,P =0.003 9). However,no significant differences in BMI,hs-CRP,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,ALT,GGT were found between colorectal polyps group and non-colorectal polyps group(P>0.05). Conclusions:NAFLD may be closely correlated with the incidence of colorectal polyps.

Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a vital role in organisms, including regulating repair of DNA, maintaining genome stability, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and death.At present, PARP inhibitors have been made some breakthrough in the treatment of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer and pancreatic cancer.However, PARP inhibitors have certain limitations in other malignant tumors and patients who are resistant to PARP-1 inhibitors.This article summarizes the research on PARP inhibitors in lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, glioblastoma, leukemia and cervical cancer, and introduces the strategies of combining other anti-tumor drugs such as DNA repair inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, anti-angiogenic drugs and other chemotherapeutic drugs to solve their drug resistance, which provides some reference for the wide clinical application of PARP inhibitors in the future.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) are defined as noncoding RNA with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, which can regulate a variety of cellular processes. LncRNA H19 is widely involved in the pathophysiological process of intestinal inflammation and intestinal cancer by regulating the function of intestinal mucosal barrier. This article reviewed the effect of lncRNA H19 on intestinal mucosal barrier under different intestinal states and inflammation-cancer related signaling pathway.