Objective To investigate whether rosuvastatin has the effects of anti-oxidative stress and attenuates vascular endothelial adhesiveness on the vessel wall in apolipoprotein E(apoE)knockedout mice. Methods Eighty 8-week-old apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and twenty 8-week-old C57BL/6 mice,were fed a normal chow diet for 12 weeks,and were divided into 2 weeks treatment group and 6 weeks treatment group.apoE knocked-out mice were subcutaneously injected with rosuvastatin at a dose of 1, 5, or 20 mg/kg daily for 2 or 6 weeks prior to sacrifice.Blood sample was taken by cardiopuncture and the aorta was obtained at the end of the 2th or 6th weeks. Results Total cholesterol level was significantly decreased after 2 or 6 weeks of 5,or 20 mg/kg rosuvastatin treatment[2 weeks:(480.7±35.3)mmol/L,(371.5±27.1)mmol/L;6 weeks:(400.1±37.6)mmol/L,(305.0±19.3)mmol/L],compared with 0 mg/kg group(20 weeks:(675.0±42.0)mmol/L;6weeks:(660.0±44.3)mmol/L](P＜0.05 or 0.01).But the changes of triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein were not like the above.The endothelial adhesiveness for monocytes was significantly attenuated after 2 weeks in 20 mg/kg group versus 0 mg/kg group[(2.24±0.72)%vs.(3.76 ±2.53)%](P＜0.05),and even more significantly after 6 weeks in 5,20 mg/kg groups[(1.94±0.40)%,(3.95±2.61)%](P＜0.01).In addition,rosuvastatin inhibited vascular expression of p22phox and superoxide production[0 mg/kg for 6 weeks group:(3.22±1.53)%,(4.75±2.62)μg/L;20 mg/kg for 6 weeks group:(1.41±0.72)%,(2.72±0.88)μg/L](all P＜0.05). Conclusions Rosuvastatin has a role of anti-oxidative stress and attenuates vascular endothelial adhesiveness on the vessel wall.