Objective To study the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-alfa(TNF- α)in serum and peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis,to explore their roles in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods IL-6 and TNF-α levels in peritoneal fluid and serum of 60 patients with endometriosis(34 cases in Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ stage,26 cases in Ⅲ ～ Ⅳ stage)and 30 control cases(not EMS patients)were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results Peritoneal fluid and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in EMS group were significantly higher than that in control group(P＜0.01),and peritoneal fluid and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in Ⅲ ～Ⅳ stage was siguificantly higher than that in Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ stage(P＜0.01). Conclusion IL-6 and TNF-α in peritoneal fluid and serum played an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis.

Objective:To investigate the high risk factors for endometrial polyps (EP).Methods:The clinical data of 669 cases who underwent hysteroscopic examination due to abnormal vaginal bleeding and ultrasonic indications in Binzhou Medical University Hospital from October 2019 to September 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to postoperative pathological results, these patients were divided into an EP group ( n = 304) and a non-EP group ( n = 365). The clinical data of these patients were subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS 22.0 software. Results:Univariate analysis showed that age (median age: 45 years in the EP group and 47 years in the non-EP group), number of pregnancies (median number of pregnancies: 2 in the EP group and 3 in the non-EP group), number of births (median number of births: 1 in the EP group and 2 in the non-EP group), menopause [49 cases (16.12%) in the EP group and 83 cases (22.74%) in the non-EP group], chronic endometritis [111 cases (36.51%) in the EP group and 174 patients (47.67%) in the non-EP group], cervical polyps [58 cases (19.08%) in the EP group and 46 cases (12.06%) in the non-EP group], hypertension [48 cases (15.79%) in the EP group and 88 cases (24.11%) in the non-EP group], diabetes mellitus [14 cases (4.61%) in the EP group and 31 cases (8.49%) in the non-EP group] were the risk factors of EP ( Z =-3.71, -4.30, -2.50, χ2 = 4.59, 8.44, 0.02, 0.01, 0.04, all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that age, number of pregnancies, chronic endometritis and cervical polyps had significant effects on the incidence of EP ( OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95-0.99, OR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.72-0.90, OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.38-0.74, OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.10-2.72, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Age, number of pregnancies, chronic endometritis and cervical polyps are all risk factors for the development of endometrial polyps.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic bortezomib in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods:The data of 60 MM patients treated with domestic bortezomib as the basic chemotherapy regimen in 5 medical centers of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Heze Municipal Hospital, Weifang People's Hospital, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Zibo Central Hospital in Shandong Province from January 2018 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, 52 of which were newly treated patients and 8 were relapsed and refractory patients. The patients received at least 2 courses of combined chemotherapy based on domestic bortezomib, and the efficacy was assessed and evaluated every 2 courses.Results:Follow-up until June 30, 2019 showed that some patients were unable to return to the hospital for regular treatment. All patients completed at least 2 courses of treatment, with an overall effective rate (ORR) of 76.7% (46/60); 42 patients completed 4 courses of treatment, with an ORR of 78.6% (33/42); 30 patients completed 6 courses of treatment, with an ORR of 86.7% (26/30); there was no significant difference in ORR of 2, 4 and 6 courses ( P > 0.05). The complete remission+very good partial remission rates of 2, 4 and 6 courses were 16.7% (10/60), 47.6% (20/42) and 66.7% (20/30), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). During the treatment, the adverse events mainly included infection, peripheral neuropathy, herpes, digestive tract symptoms, hematologic toxicities and so on, which were light and moderate mostly, and most of them can be reversed. The total incidence of adverse events in patients who completed 2, 4 and 6 courses of treatment were 91.7% (55/60), 66.7% (28/42) and 36.7% (11/30), respectively. Conclusions:The domestic bortezomib-based chemotherapy regimens have good efficacy in the treatment of MM. The incidence of adverse events is similar to that of the original drug, and patients can tolerate the adverse events.

Objective To explore a method of subsection adjustment for the proportion of three capacity nutrients in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods Totally 334 MS patients who were diagnosed in the physical examination center and the department of endocrinology and nutrition of Xi'an Central Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University of School of Medicine were enrolled in this study.According to calculator random digital method,the patients were divided into intervention group (n=168) and the control group (n=166).The energy of two groups were calculated according to the following formula,y =13.5-0.025x1 + 0.215x2-0.006x3+0.342x4-0.268x5+0.623x6 (x1:age,x2:activity intensity index,x3:waist circumference,x4:environmental temperature,x5:BMI,x6:sex).The limit of daily energy was set to 5.02-7.53 MJ.The proportion of the three major nutrients for energy was adjusted of different energy segments of intervention group.When the daily energy was 5.02 MJ,the protein energy ratio was 30％,and the energy increased by 0.42 MJ per time while the protein energy supply ratio was reduced by 2.5％.The energy ratio of carbohydrate was 40％,and the energy increased 0.42 MJ per time while the energy ratio increased by 2.5％.The energy ratio of fat was 30％ on various stages of energy supply.The energy proportions of the three major nutrients in the control group were as follows:protein 15％,fat 25％,and carbohydrate 60％.Results After the intervention by 6 months,the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose of intervention group decreased from (9.22±5.57) mmol/L to (6.05±4.68) mmol/L,the hemoglobin A 1 c decreased from (6.79 ± 1.12) ％ to (5.56± 1.32) ％,and the triglyceride decreased from (3.14±1.73) mmol/L to (1.72±1.17) mmol/L.There was significant difference compared with those in control group (P =0.000,0.027,0.034).Conclusion The proportions of the three major nutrients in MS can remarkably improve the glucose and lipid metabolism in MS patients.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of single pass scanning using muti-slice spiral CT for polytrauma patients.Methods:Totally 60 polytrauma patients treated from January to November in 2023 were randomly enrolled in this study. They were categorized into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table, with 30 patients in each group. The patients in the experimental group underwent single pass scaning for the head, neck, chest, and abdomen, whereas those in the control group receiving separate scanning for various parts. Then, the noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise (CNR) of the CT images of both groups were recorded. Furthermore, the objective and subjective evaluation, volume CT dose index (CTDI vol), effective dose ( E), scanning time, and scan ranges of the images were compared between both groups. Results:Compared to the control group, the test group exhibited lower SNR of the head ( t = -5.47, P < 0.05) and higher SNR and CNR of the chest scans ( t = -5.95, -6.15, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the test group demonstrated decreased ED, CTDIvol, scanning time, and scan range, which dropped from 18.53 mSv to 13.81 mSv ( t = 3.29, P < 0.001), from 15.77 mGy to 10.59 mGy ( t = 4.48, P< 0.001), from 31.68 s to 10.97 s ( t = 6.95, P < 0.001), and from 64.92 cm to 45.21 cm ( t = 9.05, P < 0.001), respectively compared to the control group. Conclusions:Single pass CT scanning can reduce E, scanning time, and scan range in the treatment of polytrauma patients while ensuring the high quality of CT images, thus warranting wide clinical applications.

Objective:To assess the impact of the construction of smoke-free government on the smoking and cessation behaviors of staff members.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study. The study used stratified random cluster sampling method to select 144 government institutions from 31 Provinces (Autonomous Regions and Municipalities) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps. The survey was carried out between October and November, 2023 by filling out questionnaires online among the insiders of the institutions and all the smoking staff members. The main indicators included the number of smokers before and after the construction of smoke-free governments and the measures for the construction of smoke-free governments. 144 questionnaires from insiders were recovered, all of which were included in the analysis; 1 776 questionnaires from smokers were recovered, including 1 716 valid questionnaires. The SAS 9.4 was used to perform χ 2 test and log-binomial regression analysis. Results:The percentage of smoking staff members decreased from 8.81% before the construction to 6.70% after the construction, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ 2=63.23, P<0.001). Comprehensive smoking ban in indoor public places ( OR=2.301, 95% CI: 1.433-3.694), punishment mechanism for smoking staff members ( OR=1.219, 95% CI: 1.124-1.322), smoking cessation competitions ( OR=1.865, 95% CI: 1.234-2.818) and reimbursement for or provision of smoking cessation medications ( OR=2.210, 95% CI: 1.002-4.874) were facilitators to motivate the smoking staff members to quit (all P<0.01). Numbers of smoking leaders ( OR=0.858, 95% CI: 0.807-0.913) and smoking years of smoking staff members ( OR=0.932, 95% CI: 0.918-0.946) negatively influenced the smoking staff members to quit (both P<0.001). Conclusions:The construction of smoke-free governments can effectively promote the smoking cessation behaviors of smoking staff members. In addition, comprehensive smoke-free policies, punishment mechanism for smoking staff members and activities such as smoking cessation competitions, and reimbursement for or provision of smoking cessation medications are important.

Objective To explore the effects of C/EBPα knockout in podocyte on diabetic nephropathy and its mechanisms.Methods C/EBPαloxp/loxp mice were crossed with podocin-cre mice to obtain F1 hybrids and then propagated until homozygous mice (C/EBPαf/f) were obtained.Diabetic nephropathy (DN) models were established by low-dose streptozotocin (STZ,100 mg/kg) administration after 25 weeks of normal diet or 45％ high-fat diet treatment,and biochemical indicators of blood and urea were measured.The morphological characteristics and the proteins regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial function were detected.Results The type 2 DN models were successfully constructed based on transgenic mice.The kidneys of 8-month-old C/EBPαf/f mice did not show obvious morphological changes,but after constructing DN models,they showed obvious renal impairment,inflammation and oxidative stress.Compared with wild-type DN mice,the protein levels of nephrin and E-cadherin in DN C/EBPαf/f mice with DN were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.01);fibronectin and Nrf2 protein levels were all increased (all P ＜ 0.05).Keap1,phospho-AMPK and mitochondrial function related genes Pgc-1α protein levels were all decreased (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Podocyte C/EBPα knockout exacerbates diabetic nephropathy by promoting fibrosis and inhibiting Pgc-1α-mediated mitochondrial antioxidant function.

Objective To determine the risk factors for postoperative hyperactive-type delirium (PHTD) in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.Methods A total of 7 171 elderly patients of both sexes,aged more than or equal to 65 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅳ,who underwent orthopedic surgery from January 2008 to December 2012 in Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,were retrospectively analyzed.Data such as gender,age,preoperative electrolytes,blood glucose,hemoglobin,albumin,senile dementia and use of benzodiazepines,type of operation,anesthesia methods,operation time,intraoperative use of anticholinergic agents and benzodiazepines and hypotension (decrease more than 20％ of the baseline),and postoperative electrolyte,hemoglobin,albumin and hypotension were collected.The patients were divided into postoperative PHTD group (group PHTD) and postoperative non-PHTD group (group non-PHTD) according to whether PHTD developed within 7 days after operation.The risk factors of which P values were less than 0.05 would enter the multivariate logistic regression to stratify the risk factors for postoperative PHTD.Results Ninety-nine patients developed PHTD,and the incidence was 1.38％.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age more than or equal to 80 yr,hip surgery and preoperative anemia were independent risk factors for postoperative PHTD (P＜0.05).Conclusion Age more than or equal to 80 yr,hip surgery and preoperative anemia are independent risk factors for postoperative PHTD in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.

Objective:To explore the causes of the crosstalk in the gross α and gross β measurement using an MPC 9604 low background α/β counter.Methods:With the A4 copy paper (70 g/m 2), polyethylene (PE) films (8.7 g/m 2), and 304 stainless steel seperately as shielding materials, the gross α and gross β experiments, gamma spectrometry experiments and solid state nuclear track detection (SSNTD) experiments were conducted by using 241Am and 40K standard materials. A comprehensive analysis encompassing statistical analysis and nuclear physics analysis was performed to reveal the impact of contributing factors on the crosstalk in the gross α and gross β measurement with an MPC 9604 low background α/β counter. Results:241Am powder source experimental result: when two sheets of copy paper were used in the experiment, α-rays did not generate one count in the β channel of the low background α/β counter. The same test with the shielding material of two layers of PE films showed that the α count rate further decreased by about 36.5%, while the β count rate hardly changed. The gross α and gross β experiments and γ spectrometry with the shielding material of stainless steel demonstrated that the characteristic γ ray peaking at 59.5 keV of the 241Am powder source did not generate one count in the β channel. 40K powder source experimental result: when the source was covered with steel of total thickness of 0.965 mm in the gross α and gross β experiments, the γ rays of 40K did not generate one count in the β channel. Compared with naked 40K powder source, when source was covered with one and two sheets of copy paper, the gross α count rate decreased approximately from 3.30 × 10 -3 to 1.50 × 10 -3 and 1.75 × 10 -3, respectively. The SSNTD indicated the presence of other α nuclides in 40K powder source. Conclusions:The β counting in the β channel with the 241Am powder source using MPC 9604 low background α/β counter was, instead of α-rays, caused by the internal conversion electrons and the characteristic X rays of 11.870-22.402 keV emitted from the 241Am powder source, thus this is not a true α/β crosstalk. The α counting in α channel with the 40K powder source, except the contribution of impurity α nuclides, was mainly attributed to the α signals arising from β particles when the amplitude of the piled-up β pules exceeded the discrimination threshold of the detector, therefore it is a true crosstalk.

Objective To establish type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)KM mouse models via the combined use of high-calorie diet and multiple administration of low-dose streptozotocin(STZ). Methods Based on the randomized number table,30 KM mice were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups:modeling group and control group. Mice in the modeling group were given foods with high calories for one month and injected with 30 mg/kg STZ via the left lower abdominal cavity for 2-4 consecutive days,while mice in the control group were fed with standard maintenance foods and the same dose of citrate buffer solution. The general conditions including food and water intake and mice weight were recorded. Blood glucose level was measured 1,2,4,5,12,and 21 weeks after STZ injection. When the glucose level became stabilized,the serum insulin and blood lipids [including total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),high-density lipoprotein(HDL) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)],and hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c)were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test were performed. Results The modeling group had a 100% survival rate. After STZ injection,the body weight of mice in the modeling group reached the peak in the forth week,and later the growth rate decreased,still significantly lower than that of control group mice till the 21week(t=3.160,P=0.006). Their blood glucose level was significantly higher than that of mice before STZ injection and in the control group(all P<0.05);as time went on,it was also rising,and it remained high till the 21week [(26.38±1.34)mmol/L]. In the 4week,the fasting blood glucose of mice in the modeling group was(11.86±3.33)mmol/L,which was significantly higher than that of mice in the control group [(6.37±1.27)mmol/L](t=-3.830,P=0.002). Fasting serum insulin of mice in the modeling group showed no significant difference compared with control group [(5.73±0.24)mU/L vs.(5.48±0.32)mU/L;t=-0.863,P=0.416]. Insulin sensitivity index was 0.0145±0.0039,which was significantly lower than that(0.0267±0.0039)in control group(t=4.414,P=0.003). In the 6week,the blood glucose levels of mice in the modeling group were(15.35±1.82),(26.45±1.07),(25.58±1.46),and(26.15±1.00)mmol/L 0,30,60,and 120 min after oral gavage of D-glucose,which were all significantly higher than those in the control group [(6.88±1.75)(t=-8.203,P=0.000),(17.65±2.94)(t=-6.884,P=0.000),(13.18±2.04)(t=-12.110,P=0.000),and(7.37±3.40)mmol/L(t=-12.969,P=0.000)]. In the 8week,serum TC and TG levels of mice in the modeling group were(3.83±0.06)and(2.20±0.20)mmol/L,which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(3.10±0.10)(t=11.000,P=0.000)and(0.90±0.10)mmol/L(t=10.070,P=0.000)]. HDL level of mice in the modeling group was(2.03±0.06)mmol/L,which was significantly lower than that in the control group [(2.48±0.02)mmol/L;t=11.662,P=0.000]. LDL level was increased but showed no significant difference [(0.34±0.08)mmol/L vs.(0.26±0.02)mmol/L](t=1.680,P=0.168). HbA1c content of mice in the modeling group was(7.30±0.31)%,which was significantly higher than that(4.40±0.32)% in the control group(t=-11.587,P=0.000). Conclusion KM mice models of T2DM were successfully established after high-calorie diet and multiple administration of low-dose STZ.