Aim To study the influence of rosuvastatin on toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) , and its downstream nu-clear transcription factor NF-kappa B p65, IκBα, in-flammation factors TNF alpha in rats with myocardial hypertrophy induced by pressure overload .Methods Myocardial hypertrophy was induced by abdominal aor-tic constriction ( AAC ) .Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups(n=10):① sham-operated rats(S);②AAC rats(M);③AAC+rosuvastatin(10 mg· kg -1· d-1 ) rats.From 1 week pre-opertion to 4 weeks post-operation, three groups were performed by gavage ad-ministration with equal volume of rosuvastatin and vehi-cle.The rats underwent cardiac color Doppler exami-nation.The level of ANP,TLR4, NF-κB p65,IκBα, TNF-αmRNA and protein expression in myocardium were detected by real-time PCR, Western blot, immu-nohistochemical and ELISA respectively .Results The sizes of heart and cardiomyocytes and the expression of ANP mRNA and TLR4 signaling molecules were signif-icantly increased in group M , which could be blocked by rosuvastatin .TLR4 protein was positively related to ANP, NF-κB p65 and TNF-αrespectively .Conclusion Rosuvastatin prevents cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload , which is associated with its inhi-bition of TLR4, NF-κB and TNF-αin myocardium ex-pression .

ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of three different display devices on the interpretation of imaging data in medieal imaging system.MethodsThe luminance-meter L100 and the test patterns provided by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine(AAPM)were used to assess the performance of three display devices(the spherical,flat panel and liquid crystal display devices).The corresponding luminance response was compared with the reference criteria provided by AAPM Task Group 18(AAPM TG18).DR chest photography was taken on CDRAD2.0 contrast-detail phantom using the following experimental parameters:100 mA,80 kVp,and the exposure times for 6,10,12,and 16 ms.After each exposure,the surface dose of phantom was recorded and the image quality factor(IQF)was calculated.Statistical analysis of IQF was performed using ANOVA. ResultsThe maximum luminance values in the spherical,flat panel and liquid crystal display devices were 170,59 and 231 cd/m2 and the luminance ratio was 257, 99 and 350 respectively.There was a significant difference in the IQF bewteen the liquid crystal display device and other two display devices.Conclusion The liquid crystal display device has the better image quality.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of focal ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the expression of protein kinase-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase ( PERK ) and glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) mRNA and protein after focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats.MethodsAll 120 male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group,middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group and brain ischemia preconditioning (BIP) group.Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to 12 h,1,2 and 3 d after I/R.The IPC models were made in order to measure the expression of PERK,GRP78 mRNA and protein by in situ hybridization and Western blot,and the apoptosis rate of neuron by flow cytometry. Results ①The expression of PERK mRNA increased and reached the peak at 12 h,then decreased continuously after 1 d.BIP could decrease its expression.The expression of PERK protein increased at 12 h and reached the peak at 24 h,then decreased continuously after 2 d.BIP could decrease its expression.②The expression both of GRP78 mRNA and its protein all increased and reached the peak at 12 h,then decreased continuously.BIP could increase their expression (mRNA:12 h: 136.70±9.53,F=32.265; 24 h:147.54 ±9.97,F=54.920; 2 d:158.16 ±9.44,F=45.374; 3d: 165.85±10.26,F=16.493,P＜0.05; protein:12 h: 1.319±0.116,F=5.619,P＜0.05; 24 h: 1.226±0.108,F=33.742,P＜0.01; 2 d:1.183 ±0.112,F =46.556,P ＜0.01; 3 d:1.115± 0.098,F =11.730,P＜0.05).③The rate of apoptosis neuron of rats in MCAO increased markedly at 12 h after reperfusion,and reached the peak at 1 d,then decreased continuously.BIP could decrease the rate of apoptosis neuron. Conclusion BIP can protect neurons through inhibiting the expression of PERK and inducing the expression of GRP78 after endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats.

Objective: To study the change rule of polysaccharide content in different processed products of polygonatum from Shaanxi. Methods:The content of polysaccharides was determined by UV spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 580nm after colored by 0. 2% anthranone-sulfuric acid solution. Results: The content of polysaccharide was significantly different among different pro-cessed products of polygonatum, and that in the raw slices was the highest followed by alcohol evaporate slices, while that in the steamed samples was the lowest. Furthermore, the extract and the content in the different processed samples of polygonatum showed a similar regularity. Conclusion:The results of the research can provide reference for the quality control and processing methods of po-lygonatum slices from Shannxi.

〔Abstract〕 The paper introduces the informatization construction status of biobank in Peking University People's Hospital, including construction scope, basic infrastructure, steps as well as informatization management system application status, elaborates the application effect.The informatization construction of biobank could shorten the time of operation and ensure the quality of the samples.

Objective To evaluate the association between the concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5)and asthma attack in children.Methods The computer and databases were used to search the key wordsAsthma andChild were searched by means of the subject headings ( Asthma andChild) and free words (Asthma * , Child *andPediatric * etc.),moreover PM2.5 was searched on the basis of free words such asPM2.5, Particulate Matter *which were linked withAND in PubMed and Medline database.Furthermore,the key words asthma AND (Child OR Pediatric OR Infant) AND (PM2.5 OR Particulate Matter OR Inhalable Particles) for keywords were searched in CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases.The literatures included those from the initial computer database up to those of December 2014 from computer database.Meanwhile manual research was added to screen literatures according to the standards of inclusion and exclusion.Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was employed to assess the quality of the included literatures including selection,comparability and outcomc.Data wcre synthesized and analyzed by Rcvman5.3 and Stata12.0 version for statistical analysis,heterogeneity test,sensitivity analysis,subgroup analysis,and so on.Results A total of 17 literatures involving 1326573 children were included.The findings from quality assessment involved 2 studies for 8 scores,2 for 7 scores,7 for 6 scores,5 for 5 scores,and 1 for 4 scores,respectively.The result of Meta-analysis showed that the combined the odds ratio (OR) of PM2.5 with childhood asthma attack was 1.06,and 95％ confidence interval(CI) was 1.03-1.08.Subgroup analysis showed that the OR on the asthma hospital visit equaled to 1.03 (95％ CI 1.01-1.06),and the OR on the asthma symptom equaled to 1.11 (95％ CI 1.06-1.16),moreover,subgroup analysis between developed and developing countries showed that the OR of the asthma on developing countries corresponded to 1.04 (95％ CI 1.02-1.06),and the OR of the asthma on developed countries corresponded to 1.06 (95％ CI 1.03-1.09).Conclusion There is a positive correlation between concentration of PM2.5 and asthma attack in children.

Objective:In this study, the feasibility of this method was evaluated in children with large distance femoral lengthening cases, and the acute correction and staging surgeries were compared at healing speed. At the same time the key points of surgical techniques would be summarized, so as to clarify the application value of this technology in children patients.Methods:Since July 7 of 2014 to January 16 of 2018, a total of 10 cases of Lengthening Over Retrograde Nail (LORN) surgery have been formulated and carried out, including 9 males and 1 females.The average age of the operation was 13.10±2.18 y. In all cases, the osteotomy point was located in the metaphysis of the distal femur, and the records from the first meeting to the end of follow-up included gender, date of birth, reason of discrepancy and treatment history, age at surgery, lengthing distance, the length of duration with frame, healing time, ROM of the knee joint, complications, et al. To compare the healing time of acute correction and staging surgery. Statistical analysis was made by SPSS 22.0 software, and then reasonable treatment strategies were proposed.Results:The average lengthing distance of 7.07±1.01 cm. The median time of the duration with frame was 8.5 (4,16) months, and the median follow-up time was 39 (34, 54) months. All cases obtained good clinical and imaging healing (1.70±1.10 month/cm vs. 1.16±0.54 month/cm), and all regained to normal walking function (136.67°±20.82° vs. 125.71°±26.37°), without the occurrence of fracture after therapy. There were no statistically significant differences in the speed of healing, range of joint motion or complication rate between acute correction and staging treatment. Conclusion:It is feasible for femoral lengthening surgery assisted by retrograde intramedullary nail in the treatment of femoral shortening deformityin children. The correction of mild angular deformity and lengthening surgery can be performed simultaneously. The osteotomy site was proposed at distal metaphysealof the femur for better quality of osteogenesis and shorter duration for fixator. It is safe to osteotomy and lengthening in the area of enchondroma.

Objective To study the features and neural mechanism of pain empathy in autistic individuals.MethodsTotally 21 subjects with high level autistic traits and 22 subjects with low level autism traits completed the pain empathy task,recording RT and accuracy automatically.The event-related potentials(ERPs) were recorded by Neuroscan system simultaneously.Results(1)From the behavioral results,the IRI scores of the two groups had significant differences in the factors of perspective taking ((23.71±4.16) vs (26.95±3.24)),empathy concerning ((24.10±4.04) vs (26.36±2.82)) and personal distress ((24.19±3.59) vs (19.82±3.96)) (t=-2.86,P<0.01;t=-2.14,P<0.05;t=3.79,P<0.01).The factor of fantasy of the two groups didn't exit significant differences (t=-1.50,P>0.05).(2) According to the behavioral result of pain empathy test,the main effect of task type in reaction time and accuracy of the two groups had significant difference (F(1,41)=24.21,P<0.01;F(1,41)=152.10,P<0.01),but the main effect of emotion type and group didn't reach significant level (F(1,41)=1.11,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.29,P>0.05;F(1,41)=3.20,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.14,P>0.05).(3)From the results of ERP,the main effect of emotion type,task type and group didn't reach the significant level in the N2 amplitude of the two groups(F(1,41)=0.04,P>0.05;F(1,41)=0.08,P>0.05;F(1,41)=3.86,P>0.05).The main effect of emotion type had significant difference in the P3 amplitude of the two groups(F(1,41)=8.27,P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the main effect of task type and group(F(1,41)=2.48,P>0.05,F(1,41)=0.25,P>0.05).It had significant difference in LPP amplitude in the main effect of emotion type,task type and group(F(1,41)=32.07,P<0.01;F(1,41)=8.63,P<0.01;F(1,41)=4.73,P<0.05).ConclusionsThere are differences in the abilities of empathy between the high and low level autistic traits groups,especially in the late processing of pain empathy.

Objective:In this paper, based on the 4D dose distribution of the treatment plan, the effects of respiratory movement on the dose distribution of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) and sliding window intensity-modulated radiation therapy (SW-IMRT) techniques were analyzed, and the dose errors caused by respiratory movement based on the 4D dose distribution were evaluated.Methods:In this study, the dynamic thoracic phantom (CIRS-008A) was used to simulate the patient with a 3 cm spherical insert as the tumor. Four motion patterns were simulated with cos 4( x) and sin ( x) wave forms of 10 mm and 5 mm amplitudes. The 4DCT scans with the phantom were performed in different breathing modes, and the maximum intensity projection (MIP), average intensity projection (AIP) and 10 separate 4DCT phase images were transferred to the Eclipse treatment planning system. The targets were contoured on MIP, with corresponding 3DCRT and SW-IMRT plans designed and dose calculated on AIP. By copying the plan designed on the AIP to each phase image of the 4DCT set, the MATLAB software package was employed to register and superimpose all the phase-specific doses onto one of the reference phase to create a 4D-accumulated dose distribution. Both films (EBT2) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSLD) detectors were inserted in and around the target area of the phantom to measure the delivered doses. The calculated 4D-accumulated doses were compared to the measured doses and their differences were evaluated using Gamma analysis. Results:Under different respiration modes, the average Gamma index (3%/3 mm) passing rates between the 4D-accumulated doses and EBT2-measured doses for 3DCRT and SW-IMRT plans were (98.8±0.78)% and (96.4±1.89)%, respectively. The absolute measurements of OSLDs both inside and outside of the target area well matched the 4D-accumulated doses.Conclusions:4DCT can be effectively applied to evaluate the treatment plan dose distribution through 4D dose accumulation, which can potentially avoid cold spots and target under-coverage. Under different respiration modes, both 3DCRT and SW-IMRT plans provide dose measurements consistent with those predicted by the 4D-accumulated dose of treatment plan.

Objective:In this study, lengthening over nail (LON) and plating after lengthening (PAL) were compared by the process of treatment and therapeutic effect in the children's femoral lengthening cases,to guide treatment choices; and in the PAL group there was another comparison between different timeline of plate fixation after lengthening to formulate reasonable technical route.Methods:Since January 7, 2014 to September 10, 2018, a total of 21 cases of LON and PAL surgery had been carried out, including 12 males and 9 females. The average age at their operation was 12.43±3.12 years. There were 10 patients in the LON group and 11 patients in the PAL group, in the PAL group 5 cases was synchronous fixation, which means removal of the external fixator and plate fixation would be performed in the same surgery, 6 cases was asynchronous fixation, which means plate fixation would be performed at least 2 weeks later after the removal offixator to reduce the risk of infection. The recorded data includesgender, date of birth, reason of discrepancy and treatment history, age at surgery, lengthening distance, the length of duration with frame, healing time, total duration time and total blood loss of seriesoperations, ROM of the knee joint, complications, etc.Statistical analysis was made by SPSS 22.0 software, and then reasonable treatment strategies were proposed.Results:In the LON group, the medianlengthening distance was 7.10 (6.63, 7.70) cm, the median total duration time was 300 (240, 330) min, the medianspeed of healing was 1.12 (0.78, 1.72) month/cm, complications were found in 3 cases, the median ROM of knee joint was 125.00° (117.50°, 150.00°); in the PAL group, the data respectively were 6.00 (5.00, 8.00) cm, 260 (230, 465) min, 1.00 (0.75,1.71) month/cm, 3 cases, 100.00° (90.00°, 150.00°), the difference between them was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). 2. In the PAL group, the difference of number of surgeries, total duration time, total blood loss, complication rate, healing speed and postoperative function between synchronous and asynchronous fixation was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion:They are similarbetween LON and PAL techniques in the process of treatment and therapeutic effect. The surgeons could make choices according to the growth potential of the patients and their own custom operation methods. In the case of the current sample size, there is no statistical difference in the therapeutic effect between the synchronous and asynchronous plate fixation in the PAL method, but the sample size needs to be increased for further study.