ObjectiveTo describe the use of endoscopic technique for exposure of the mandibular ramus-condyle unit(RCU) to facilitate reduction and rigid fixation of the fractures.MethodsSixteen patients ( 18 sides) with diagnosis of subcondylar fracture ( 11 sides),condylar neck fracture ( 2 sides ),and mandibular ramus fracture (5 sides ),who underwent endoscopic exposure of the RCU and fixation with miniplates by an extraoral or transoral approach.Six sides were no displacement,10 sides were obvious displacement,and 2 sides were dislocation.ResultsAll patients had successful treatment of fractures of the mandibular RCU,all patients showed quick recovery to preinjury occlusion.Followed up 12-36 months,normal temporomandibular joint function was noted in all patients.No patient had marginal mandibular nerve weakness or other complications.ConclusionsIt demonstrates the feasibility of endoscopic access to the RCU for treatment of the fractures.The procedures can be performed with minimal morbidity and functional impairment.

Objective: To examine the effects of berberine on atherosclerosis and plasma levels of lipid in rabbits. Methods: 18 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, untreated cholesterol-fed group, and berberine treated group, which were fed for 12 weeks. After 12 weeks, plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured enzymatically by automatic facilities and the aorta was harvested for pathologic morphology observation. Results: The aorta plaque/intima size (P/I) was 0%, (59.6 ± 13.7) % and (36.3 ± 16.5) % in control, untreated cholesterol-fed group and berberine treated group respectively by pathologic morphology observation (P < 0.01). The maximum plaque thickness, the average plaque thickness, the degree of aortic stenosis and the proportion of the intimal circumference occupied by atheroma of 3 groups were different from each other significantly (P < 0.01). Plasma levels of TC and HDLC in berberine treated group were decreased significantly (by 28.88% and 40.94% respectively) compared with that in untreated cholesterol-fed group (P < 0.01). Plasma levels of HDLC and TG in berberine treated group showed no difference from untreated cholesterol fed group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Berberine can decreased plasma levels of TC and HDL C and suppress the progression of atherosclerosis and stabilize the plaque in experimental atherosclerosis.

OBJECTIVE:To screen the formulae of norfloxacin zinc(NF-Zn) suspended granules using uniform design METHODS:The uniform design with 5 levels and 4 factors was employed to screen five formulae of NF-Zn and sedimentation rate,granularity,dissolubility,moisture content and taste of these granules were evaluated and scored The total score of each formula was regressed with the 4 factors by computer RESULTS:The results of regression equation suggested that the optimum formula was NF-Zn 0 2g,CMS-Na 0 25g,2%PVP and manitol 0 55g in each packet CONCLUSION:It is effective and convenient to optimize the formula of NF-Zn granules by uniform design

Benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (BICE),known as convulsions with mild gastroenteritis,is a kind of non-febrile convulsions disease associated with acute infantile gastroenteritis.Patients with BICE often have mild gastroenteritis and tonic-clonic seizure manifestation,but no apparent disturbance of water,electrolyte and acid base was observed.BICE,the main etiological agent of which is Rotavirus,is a kind of self-limited disease with favorable prognosis,and no requiring of continuous anticonvulsant treatment.

bjective To induce a treatment program of evidence-based acupuncture and moxibustion for oculomotor paralysis by retrieving and analyzing the current literature for improving clinic technology.MethodsOne case was used as example and it was introduced how to raise clinical questions,retrieve relative literature,evaluate the retrieval literature and at last,stipulate treatment program based on the retrieval evidences.ResultsThe acupuncture and moxibustion treatment program for oculomotor paralysis established by evidence-based medicine was adopted to treat the patient for 10 times,as a result the patient got much better.Conclusion: Through clinically raising questions,searching for evidence,analyzing evidence,making a strategy decision,practicing evidence-based course,the patient could attain satisfactory therapeutic effect,and the physician could raise theoretical level and clinical ability.

Objective To compare the effect of electroacupuncture at head points and body points on glucose metabolism of the cerebral motor function regions in normal subjects.Methods To observe the change of glucose metabolism of cerebral motor area in normal subjects between before and after acupuncture during the movement by PET.Talairach coordinates(Atlas of brain) and statistical parametric mapping(SPM) software were used to deal with the acquired imaging data.Results ① Acupuncture at Baihui(GV20) and left Qubin(GB7) could increase metabolism of glucose in bilateral Lps and precuneus,the activation of left area in the brain being more significant.②Acupuncture at right Quchi(LI11) and Zusanli(ST36) change metabolism of glucose in left gyrus precentralis,right loblus paracentralis,right gyrus frontalis medialis,both cerebellums and both putarnens.Conclusion All acupoints can change glucose metabolism in cerebral structures related to motor function in the bilateral cerebral hemispheres,different acupoints active different motor areas.The function of acupuncture is a kind of comprehensive regulative process.

Objective To understand the situation of procrastination and its influencing factors in medical students.Methods The general procrastination scale (GPS),general self-efficacy scale (GSES),achievement motivation scale(AMS),self-esteem scale (SES),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) were applied to 531 medical students,and the influence factors were analyzed with correlation analyses,hierarchical regression and path analysis of SPSS 16.0 and Amos 5.0.Results (1) The scale score of procrastination was between 31-93 and the average score was 55.54±9.68.96.1％ students showed different degree procrastination,with the moderate-severe degree ones accounted for 45.3％.(2)Procrastination was positively correlated to anxiety(r=0.331) and depression(r=0.415),but negatively correlated with self-efficacy(r=-0.247) and selfesteem(r=-0.328).(3)The hierarchical regression revealed that self-efficacy,self-esteem,and depression could significantly predict procrastination,which increased the explained variance 6.1％,6.1％ and 6.3％ respectively.(4) Path analysis showed that the self-esteem had direct effect on procrastination (path coefficient 0.12);self-efficacy had indirect effect on procrastination through self-esteem (path coefficient 0.21).Depression had direct effect on procrastination (path coefficient 0.34) and indirect effect to the procrastination through the self-esteem (path coefficient 0.50).All the fitting indices reached statistical standards.Conclusion Procrastination was common in medical students and self-efficacy,self-esteem,depression had direct or indirect effect on it.

Objective To investigate the effects of sensory cueing (SC) on unilateral spatial neglect after stroke.Methods Five stroke survivors with unilateral spatial neglect underwent a tailored sensory cueing treatment (wearing a sensory cueing device 3 hours a day, 5 days a week for 2 weeks) in addition to their conventional rehabilitation.Two weeks before and one day before the treatment, and then one day, two weeks and 4 weeks after the treatment, all five patients were assessed using the Hong Kong edition of the behavioral inattention test (BIT-C).Results No significant changes were identified in the average BIT-C ratings at the two time point before the intervention.However, the average score had increased significantly only one day after the start of the intervention, with further significant improvement at each of the succeeding 2 week intervals.The greatest improvement was in finishing cancellation tasks, and the most severely affected patient showed the greatest improvement.Conclusion Sensory cueing treatment may be useful and feasible in reducing unilateral spatial neglect for stroke survivors.However, randomized and controlled trials with larger samples are needed to further verify its effects.

To study the changes in median frequency (MF) from a surface electromyogram of skeletal muscles and functional assessment of chronic illness therapy (FACIT) figure scale scores for patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) before and after Tuina treatment.