Objective:To explore the perioperative treatment principle for arteriovenous fistulas of hemodialysis,the related factors to the success of operations and the intervention measures.Methods:1820 cases in the 2 periods from 1992to 2000 and from 2001 to 2008 were selected,and the relation of the change of primary diseases,the difference of their blood vessel condition before operation,different operation methods and different treatment after operation to the successful rate of operation and fistulas blood flow was analyzed and statistical analysis was made to the related data.Results:The ratio of secondary renal disease in the second period was much bigger and of significant difference with that in the first period(P

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.An uncommon subset with myc and either bcl-2 or bcl-6 rearrangement,also known as ‘double-hit’ lymphomas,is considered very aggressive clinical course and poor prognosis despite high-intensity chemotherapy.Recently,these lymphomas have received increased attention.This review explores the existing literatures for the involved genes with their functions,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:In order to improve operator’s cognitive level for standardized disinfection, this paper will focus on analyzing and interpreting the disinfection procedures for some common dialysis machines.Methods: This paper will interpret and compare the disinfection procedures for three brands of dialysis machines in the following aspects: the choice of the disinfectant, the disinfection method, the concentration of the disinfectant and the injected volume of the disinfectant, etc.Results: The procedures of hot disinfection with citric acid were used completely in those three brands of dialysis machine, and the procedure of sodium hypochlorite need been used periodically to remove the proteins and other organic matter.Conclusion:Although the dialysis machines provide almost complete and efficient disinfection procedures, but the operator should need to select the most suitable procedures according to their practical situation. If the operators cannot master the disinfection procedures and have not noticed the importance of it, the wrong operator will lead to incomplete disinfection, affect the normal operation of the dialysis machines and increase the risk of cross-infection.

OBJECTIVE To survey the status quo of hospital infection management and countermeasures in township health center. METHODS To adopt a unified examination and assessment survey,the township hospital infection management,including organization,personnel training,monitoring,disinfection and isolation,occupational protection,sterile disposable medical supplies and medical waste management was investigated in 15 Lanxi Town ship Health Centers. RESULTS Only 2 centers had management organizations (13.33%),5 (33.33%) to participate in personnel/training,no one carry out the monitoring of hospital infection,with fuzzy concept about cleaning disinfection and sterilization and poor awareness of occupational protection. CONCLUSIONS Realizing a sound organization improving hospital infection management staff and intensive training,increaseing the investment and strengthening th supervision and inspection are in accordance with the law and guide management of patients in rural areas to be assured of a secure medical establishment.

Numerous studies showed that Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and gastric cancer have a correlation, which is a important factor to influence the development of gastric cancer, with scholars' intensive research, it is found that the way of HP acting on gastric cancer is complicated and diverse, this review summarizes the role of HP in mechanism, correlation factor and action way of gastric cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To study the curative effects of Heart nourishing Granula on viral myocarditis(VMC)model mice.METHODS:The mice were randomly divided into treatment group and control group after intraperitoneal injected(inoculation)with a diluted solution of Coxsackie virus B 3 ,the general state and the mortality of which were observed.The blood sample and cardiac tissues of the mice were taken at different time after inoculated with virus for enzyme labeled com?pound assay,virus isolation test,light microscope test and transmission electron microscope test.RESULTS:The survival rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group.There was significant difference(P

Objective This prospective study was performed to evaluate the role of oral glucose toler-ance test(OGTF) in evaluating the preoperative status and postoperative complications of patients with hepa-tocellular carcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight patients with primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) were divided into 3 groups according to the resection, in which the resection of no more than 1 seg-ment called group A, the resection of 1-2 segments called group B, the resection of more than 2 segments called group C. OGTT, routine liver function tests and Child-Pugh classification were performed in these pa-tients preoperatively. The postoperative complications were also recorded. Results Blood glucose lever of 60 min and 120 min after glucose loading test in Child B (11.23 mmol/L ± 2. 78 mmol/L, 11.79 mmol/L± 3.48 mmol/L) were significantly higher than that in Child A (8.56 mmol/L±2. 36 mmol/L, 6. 78 mmol/L ±1.60 mmol/L,P <0.01) ,but the blood glucose lever of 0 min and 30 min showed no difference. The rate of diagonis of DM in Child B was 28. 30% ,which was higher than Child A(13.33% ,P =0. 035). The OG-TT results for the L-shaped curve showed that postoperative complications were significantly higher than that of type I and P in group A and B. I-shaped and L-shaped were found ascites in group C. The cases with jaun-dice all showed L-shaped curve. When the patients' OGTT curve was P -shaped, the ascites production rate was no significantly different in these three groups. With the increase of the removal in liver, ascites produc-tion rate increased evidently in I-type and L-type(P < 0. 05). Conclusions OGTT is worthwhile to assess hepatic function reserve and postoperative complications for patients with PHC. Combination of OGTT and Child-Pugh classification has higher predictive value on hepatic function reserve.

Objective This paper is to explore the relationship between the placement of the bone oscillator and bone-conducted thresholds to ASSR stimuli in adults with normal hearing and to investigate the amplitude and the threshold differences to bone-conducted auditory steady-state responses (BC-ASSR) stimuli between single - and multiple-stimulus conditions. Methods Two groups of subjects were selected with 0. 5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz brief tones repeated at the rate of 77, 87, 93 and 101 Hz using a B-71 bone oscillator either in single- or multiple ted no significant differences between mastoid and behind-the-ear placements. The mean and standard deviations of bone-conducted behavioral thresholds to ASSR stimuli at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz were 62.6±4.8,47.1±4.8,46.8cant difference between the two conditions while the mean and standard deviations of BC-ASSR thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz were 96.7±9.7,70.3±11.6,60.6±7.4,52.8±7.2 dB re: 1μN (ppe), respectively. Conclusion The behavioral bone-conducted thresholds to ASSR stimuli with mastoid and behind-the-ear placemen yielded no significant differences. When the stimuli intensity was 50 dB nHL, the amplitudes in single-stimulus condition were significantly higher than those to multiple-stimulus condition. There were no significant differences for BC-ASSR thresholds between single- and multiple-stimulus condition.

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies of mental health status in undergraduates are reviewed by literatures in mental health standard, measurement and influential factors. It is aimed to analyze the current status of mental health in undergraduates and provide references for related research of mental health, psychological counseling and psychological health in undergraduates. DATA SOURCES: The China Journal Full-text Database (CJFD) and Wanfang database were undertaken to id entify related articles published from January 1995 to August 2005 with the key words of "psyche of undergraduate, mental health, health standard" in Chinese. References of retrieved articles were searched. Mental health related books were retrieved such as Health Psychology, Psychic Health Measurement and so on.STUDY SELECTION: The data were selected primarily, and related articles of mental health standard, measurement and influential factors were included. Studies unrelated to undergraduates were screened out, and fulltexts of the other literatures were looked up.DATA EXTRACTION: A total of 40 articles of mental health standard,measurement and influential factors in undergraduates were selected, of which 17 articles accorded with topic and content were collected. There were 4 articles of mental health standard, 6 literatures (listing 6 types and 20 kinds of questionnaires and tests) of measurement and 7 literatures (6articles) of influential factors.DATA SYNTHESIS: Main content of mental health was intellective health, emotional health and spiritual health. ①No mental health standard was authorized and generally accepted in internal and external studies at present. The four signs of mental health designed by World Psychiatric Association (WPA) were praised and identified, which were harmony of body,intelligence and emotion; adaptation of the environment and modesty in each other; well-being; bringing ones ability into full play and living effective living. Mental health standard of Chinese undergraduates was composed of normal cognition, good emotion, perfect personality, coordinated interpersonal relation and appropriate self-consciousness. ②Present commonly used-mental health measurement for undergraduates was various, but there still was some disadvantage. Big Five Questionnaire (BFQ) and University Personality Inventory (UPI) were commonly used at abroad. Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) was commonly used at home. ③Major factors influencing mental health of undergraduates were family, environment, age,sex, school, subject, religion and so on, and speciality had obvious effect on mental health of undergraduates.CONCLUSION: The importance of mental health of undergraduates is realized gradually by scholars, and more and more scholars at home and abroad study the mental health of undergraduates. How to design exact mental health standard and precise mental health measurement for undergraduates deserve further investigation. Meanwhile, it is necessary to deeply analyze the correlation between speciality and mental health of undergraduates.Fan BB, Zhang CH.Standard and evaluation of mental health in undergraduates.

OBJECTlVE To investigate the improvement effect of rosigIitazone(ROm)against cis-pIatin(DDP)-induced nephropathy in rats and its mechanim of resistance to oxidative stress. METHODS Invitro:the survivaI rate of HEK293 ceIIs was measured with mTT assay incubated with DDP 0.4 -100 μmoI·L-1 aIone or with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 and ROm 0.01-1000 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h. Then the content of maIondiaIdehyde(mDA)and the activity of gIutathione(GSH)in HEK293 ceIIs co-incubated with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 and ROm 100 μmoI·L-1 were assayed using chromatometry. In vivo:sixty maIe SD rats were randomIy divided into normaI controI group,modeI group(DDP 5 mg·kg-1 )and modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups. The modeI of DDP-induced nephropathy was estabIished by taiI vein injection of DDP 5 mg·kg-1 ,once a week,for 3 times. After the first injection,the rats in modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 groups were ig given ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 ,once a week,for 8 weeks. The bIood urea nitrogen(BUN)and creatinine(Cr)were assessed with an automatic biochemicaI anaIyzer. Nitric oxide(NO)and mDA content,GSH and superoxide dismutase( SOD)activities in the kidney tissue were determined using chromatometry and histopathoIogicaI changes in renaI tissues were detected by hematoxyIin-eosin staining. RESULTS In vitro:IC50 of DDP to HEK293 ceII survivaI for 48 h was 21.0 μmoI·L-1 . Co-incubation with ROm 1-1000 μmoI·L-1 and DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h couId signifi-cantIy increase the totaI ceII survivaI rate compared with DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 group(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01), whiIe co-incubation with ROm 100 μmoI·L-1 and DDP 25 μmoI·L-1 for 48 h couId significantIy decrease the IeveI of mDA(P﹤0.01)and increase GSH activity(P﹤0.01),respectiveIy. In vivo:compared with normaI group,serum BUN and Cr content in modeI group were significantIy increased(P﹤0.01),renaI tissue GSH and SOD activities decreased(P﹤0.01),renaI tissue mDA content increased(P﹤0.01), and renaI tissue NO IeveI and NOS activity aIso decreased significantIy(P﹤0.05). Compared with modeI group,serum BUN content in modeI+ROm 5,10 and 20 mg·kg-1 decreased from(17.0±1.3)mmoI·L-1 to 14.0±4.1,11.2±1.8 and(6.1±1.0)mmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01),serum Cr content in modeI+ROm 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 decreased from(124.6±39.8)mmoI·L-1 to 49.0±5.2 and(47.1±2.9)mmoI·L-1(P﹤0.01), renaI tissue GSH and SOD activities in modeI+ROm 10 and 20 mg·kg-1 group increased significantIy (P﹤0.05,P ﹤ 0. 01),mDA IeveI decreased(P﹤0.05,P ﹤ 0. 01),NO IeveI and NOS activity aIso increased(P﹤0.05,P﹤0.01),and renaI pathoIogicaI tissue damage couId be improved. CONCLUSlON ROm pIays a protective roIe in rat kidney damage caused by DDP,which may be reIated to improving oxidative stress resistance of the kidney.