Objective To investigate the expression of Human leucocyte antigen(HLA)-DP,-DQ,-DR and CD40 in human retinal pigment epithelial(RPE)cells,to determine their molecule expression in immune response process,and their abilities to stimulate T lymphocyte activation. Methods Human RPE cells were cultured with or without(-IFN respectively.Expression of HLA-DP,-DQ,-DR and CD40 was measured by immunohistochemical staining.Meanwhile,peripheral blood mononuelear cells(PBMC)were co-cultured with RPE cells in vitro,and then the expression of activated lymphocytes CD69 was measured by fluorescence activated eell sorter(FACS). Results Expression of HLA-DP,-DQ,-DR and CD40 antigen were enhanced by γ-interferon inducement.Increasing amount of CD69 positive Iymphocytes were found in the co-culture system of RPE cells and PBMC. Conclusion T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were activated by human RPE cells which is antigen presenting cells with immunological characteristics potential.

Objective:To investigate the capability of corneal cells to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and the expression of costimulatory molecules on primary human corneal epithelial cells.Methods:Human corneal epithelial cells were cocultivated with peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC). Expression of HLA class Ⅱ antigens, CD40, CD154, CD80 and CD86 was measured by immunohistochemical staining,and the expression of such molecules above on rejected corneal grafts was contrastingly assessed. Activation of lymphocytes was determined by measuring upregulation of CD69 by FACS analysis.Results:HLAⅡ expression was detectable on human primary corneal epithelial cells,and furthermore, upregualtion of costimulatory molecules CD40 and CD80 were also found after induction with ?-interferon. Both of HLA and CD40 were expressed on rejected corneal grafts. T lymphocytes were activated by epithelial cells in the coculture system.Conclusion:Human corneal epithelial cells are involved in rejection process of the corneal transplantation. The immunological reaction is triggered by epithelial cells,and endothelial cells suffer as the targets.

Objective To construct the clone vector of S gene in occult hepatitis B virus infection.To analyse its mutations and to construct its prokaryotic expression vector.Methods To amplify the HBV S gene with polymerase chain reaction(PCR),recombinate the S gene and vector PUC18,sub-clone the recombination and construct its prokaryotic expression vector with pThiohis B. Results There were two samples negative with positive HBV DNA from 64 samples with negative hepatitis B surface antigen.The clone vector and prokaryotic fusion protein expression vector of an occult HBV infection′s S gene were successfully constructed.The S gene was not changed by sequencing analysis.Conclusion The fluorescence quantitive polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) can examine low-copies in occult hepatitis B virus infection.Determining quantitivly HBV DNA of recombination can identify the recombination and display multiplication state intuitirely.It is very successful in constructing the clone vector and prokaryotic fusion protein expression vector.

Objective:To explore the role of hypoxia in C_2C_(12) cells proliferation.Methods:We chose 10% oxygen concentration.Cell numbers were counted with a hemacytometer.The proliferous indexes were observed with a flow cytometer.HIF-1? protein was determined by Western blot,mRNA expression was determined with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:The cell numbers and proliferous indexes were higher(P

Humans ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy differences between needle-knife therapy and acupuncture-cupping for treatment of cervical spondylosis (CS) of cervical type.

METHODSSixty cases of CS were randomly divided into a needle-knife group (30 cases) and an acupuncture-cupping group (30 cases). The needle-knife therapy was applied at points among superior nuchal line of occipital bone, bilateral neck muscle, neck centerline, trapezius and medial border scapula for only once. In the acupuncture-cupping group, acupuncture was applied at Fengchi (GB 20), Fengfu (GV 16), Tianzhu (BL 10), Dazhui (GV 14), Jianjing (GB 21), Jiaji (Ex-B2, from C4 to C6), Houxi (SI 3) and Ashi point, followed by cupping on local skin, once every other day for totally six times. The score of neck stiffness and visual analogue scale (VAS) were observed before and after treatment, in follow-up of 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment in the two groups, and the efficacy was compared.

RESULTSIn the needle-knife group, 9 cases were cured, 12 cases were markedly effective, 8 cases were effective and 1 case was failed; the total effective rate was 96.7% (29/30) and the cured and markedly effective rate was 70.0% (21/30). In the acupuncture-cupping group, 8 cases were cured, 9 cases were markedly effective, 11 cases were effective and 2 cases were failed; the total effective rate was 93.3% (28/30) and the cured and markedly effective rate was 56.7% (17/30). The difference of total effective rate in the two groups was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), but the cured and markedly effective rate of needle-knife group was significantly superior to that of acupuncture-cupping group (P < 0.05). The needle-knife therapy was significantly superior to acupuncture-cupping on improvement of neck stiffness in the follow-up of 1, 3, 6 months after treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.001); both treatments were effective on relief of neck pain, but the needle-knife group had better effects in the follow-up of 3 and 6 months after treatment compared with acupuncture-cupping group (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe needle-knife therapy has better effects on neck stiffness and pain relief than acupuncture-cupping, and it is more treatment time saving.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spondylosis ; physiopathology ; therapy

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; surgery

Objective To explore the structural foundation of transport pathway of pineal secretions from the pineal body to the cerebrospinal fluid of subarachnoid space. Methods The pineal capsule of the superficial pineal body of 1.5-month and 12-month old rats was observed under scanning electron microscope(SEM).Results Cribriform and trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were scattered on the pineal capsule.Cribriform epithelial stomata were seen mostly in 1.5-month old rats.They were composed of many round pores which pierced through the full-thickness of the periphery of the capsule endothelium.The pores were dense and ranged from 200-500 nm in diameter;trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were seen in both 1.5-month and 12-month old rats.Trumpet-shaped epithelial stomata were located among epithelial cells of the pineal capsule.They were round or elliptic in shape and ranged from 1-4 ?m in diameter.On the surface of the pineal capsule,many secretory granules were observed.They were spherule and 8001 000 nm in diameter.Conclusion The releasing pattern of secretory granules of the pineal body could include a releasing of the whole membrane;the pineal secretions may be transported directly from the pineal body to the cerebrospinal fluid of subarachnoid space through the epithelial stomata of the pineal capsule.

Surgery alone for the adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) often gives unsatisfactory results, with a poor prognosis.At present, there is no unified therapeutic regimen specifically for AEG.Neoadjuvant therapy includes neoadjuvant radiotherapy, chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy, but the applications and effects of them for AEG are still controversial.

Objective To explore the effects of bed side painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) under chest computed tomography (CT) guidance and mechanical ventilation in the patients with severe pulmonary infection (SPI).Methods A total of 131 cases of SPI undermechanical ventilation support were randomly (random number) divided into CT group (C group),chest Xray examination group (X group) and without radiological examination group (N group).The bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) by using painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy with invasive mechanical ventilation was carried out in patients of these three groups.Vital signs and variables of respiratory mechanics ofpatients were monitored before and 1 h,2 h,and 4 h after BAL and the time consumed for BAL was simultaneous recorded.Meanwhile,infection related biomarkers on the 3rd d and 5thd after BAL,positive detection rate of pathogenic bacteria,the time of invasive mechanical ventilation used during BAL and total duration of mechanical ventilation support were measured.Results During BAL and at 10 min after BAL,heart rate and respiratory rate of C group and X group were lower than those of N group (P ＜ 0.05),however,there was no significant difference in SBP and DBP among groups (P ＞ 0.05).One and two hours after BAL,peak inspiratory pressure (PIP),work of breathing ventilation (WOBvent) and airway resistance (RAW) in C group and X group were lower than those in N group,therefore,dynamic compliance (Cdyn) in C and X groups was better than that in N group (P ＜0.05).Four hours after BAL.Cdyn in C group and X group was better than that in N group (P ＜ 0.05),But there were no significant differences in PIP,WOBvent and RAW among groups (P ＞ 0.05).BAL time (BAL-t) in C group (16.81 ±2.62) min was shorter than that in X group (20.12 ± 3.81) min and N group (23.69 ± 2.76) min,(P ＜ 0.05).Three and five days after BAL,core body temperature,WBC and procalcitonin (PCT) in C and X group were lower than those in N group (P ＜0.05),and those in C group was lower than those in X group (P ＜0.05).Pathogenic micro-organism detection rate in C group (80.55％,29/36) was higher than that in X group (72.09％,31/43) and N group (59.65％,34/57) (P ＜ 0.05).Total mechanical ventilation time (MV-t) in C group (114.36 ± 38.39) h was shorter than that in X group (132.07 ± 42.51) h and N group (165.28 ± 67.28) h (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions BAL by using painless fiberoptic bronchoscopy under chest CT guidance can effectively reduce the stress on patients with severe pulmonary infection supported with mechanical ventilation,decrease airway hyper-reactivity,shorten the BAL time,ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation,facilitate drainage of lung infection exudates and pathogen detection rate and improve efficacy of comprehensive treatment.