OBJECTIVE: To offer reference for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises in formulating a physicians' prescription behavior-based marketing strategy. METHODS: A survey and analysis was carried out by reviewing pertinent literature and interviewing experts. RESULTS: Physicians' prescription behavior was influenced by many factors. Most pharmaceutical enterprises had inertia thinking in formulating marketing strategies in that they put an emphasis on the quantity rather than the quality of information available to physicians, which has caused the unsatisfactory sales performance. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmaceutical enterprises could improve the efficiency of sales performance by analyzing physicians' prescription behavior, getting rid off inertia thinking and taking corresponding strategies.

Objective To evaluate the change of the amount of collagen in the viemedic RF ASC01IC non-ablative photorejuveantion,in order to provide reference for effective clinical treatment.Methods Twenty rats were randomly divided into two groups,with ten rats in each group.The rats'skin was dividied into two areas by spine.The left side was used as control,and the right side was experiment side,which was treated with RF by viemedic RF ASC011C for five times at interval of seven days,and ten minutes in each time.The content of collagen in the dermis was measured by immunohistochemical method,the thickness of collagen bundles in the dermis was measured under HE staining and the quantity of collagen fibers was compared by collagen fibers staining.Results Epidermis was more smooth,the collagen fiber was thicker and the content of fibroblasts,collagen was higher in experiment side.Image quantitative analysis showed significant improvement in area density of collagen fibers.Conclusions RF is a very safe and effective method for non-ablative photorejuvnation.

Objective To investigate the role of S100B protein in the pathogenesis of patients with Japanese encephalitis (JE).Methods A total of 45 patients were enrolled in the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2013 to October 2013,who were diagnosed as JE on the basis of clinical features and positive IgM antibodies against JE virus measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from the Center of Disease Control of Shijiazhuang.The JE patients were divided into initial phase group,acute phase group and convalescence group based on the course,mild JE group,moderate JE group and severe JE group based on the severity,MRI-no-lesion group and MRI lesions group based on the imaging findings of JE.Twelve cases with no evidence of infection in central nervous system in the meantime were chosen as control.The S100B protein was measured by ELISA.Results The content of S100B protein in cerebrospinal fluid was as follows:522.76 (393.35,620.37) pg/ml in mild JE group (acute phase group:609.77 (549.27,779.71) pg/ml,convalescence group:420.48 (344.36,453.19) pg/ml),792.09 (705.47,1 108.96) pg/ml in moderate JE group (acute phase group:770.19 (646.31,1 069.54) pg/ml,convalescence group:803.45 (602.90,1 396.84) pg/ml),and 1 021.94 (680.84,1 302.15) pg/ml in severe JE group (acute phase group:981.82 (680.84,1 826.28) pg/ml,convalescence group:989.00 (553.62,1 207.67) pg/ml).The S100B protein content was 561.52 (454.36,814.56) pg/ml,803.45 (602.90,1 104.01) pg/ml,762.22 (594.95,1 044.97) pg/ml,581.76 (442.51,1 069.10) pg/ml in MRI-no-lesion group,MRI lesions group,total acute phase group and total convalescence group,respectively.While in control group,the S100B protein content was 266.71 (205.72,390.05) pg/ml.The contents of S100B protein in moderate JE group,severe JE group,total acute phase group,total convalescence group,MRI-no-lesion group,MRI lesions group were higher than that in control group (H =4.864,5.497,5.075,3.918,2.971,4.981,P =0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.009,0.000).The contents of S100B protein in mild JE group was lower than that in moderate JE group and severe JE group (H =-2.786,-3.514,P =0.032,0.003).Conclusions The level of S100B protein in cerebrospinal fluid is related with the severity,duration and imaging presentation of JE patients.The dynamic monitoring of S100B protein levels is of great significance for assessment of the patients' condition and curative effect.

Objective To explore the effect of the improved abdominal rotation card method in insulin injection. Methods A total of 100 hospitalized diabetes patients were randomly divided into control group (n=50) and observational group (n=50) according to the random number method. In the control group, insulin was injected to the subcutaneous tissue of abdomen with traditional method annular rotating method. Insulin was injected using improved abdominal rotation card method in the observational group. Compare accuracy and mastery rate of injection site rotation between the two groups. Compare fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial 2H blood glucose (PBG), HbA1c, the incidence of hypoglycemia and endermic induration between the two groups after three months. Results The nurses in the observation group had higher accuracy rate of the injection site rotation compared to the control group [98.6%(690/700) vs. 38.6%(270/700),χ2=584.66, P<0.01]. Mastery rate of the injection site rotation for the patients in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group [70.0% (35/50) vs. 20.0% (10/50), χ2=25.74, P < 0.01]. The incidence of endermic induration were significantly lower in observation group compared to the control group [2.0% (1/50) vs.16.0% (8/50), χ2=5.98, P < 0.01]. The incidence of hypoglycemia were significantly lower in observation group compared to the control group [4.0%(2/50) vs. 16.0%(8/50),χ2=4.00, P<0.01]. Conclusions The new abdominal rotation method in insulin injection can be a safe and effective therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Colonoscopy has been accepted as the standard method for evaluation of colon and rectum,its success rate depends on the quality of bowel preparation. Aims:To evaluate the cleanliness and tolerance of fractionated dose versus single dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution( PEG-ES) bowel preparation regimens for colonoscopy. Methods:A total of 427 consecutive asymptomatic individuals undergoing colorectal cancer screening were enrolled and randomly assigned into 2 groups. Subjects in group A drank 1. 5 L PEG-ES on the eve and 4 hours before colonoscopy, respectively;subjects in group B received a single dose of 3 L PEG-ES 5 hours before colonoscopy. Score and degree of Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS)and PEG-ES related adverse effects of the two groups were assessed and compared. Results:There were no significant differences in gender,age and cecal insertion rate between group A and group B(P ﹥ 0. 05). Score of BBPS was significantly higher in group A than in group B(P ﹤0. 01). Both regimens met the requirement of conventional colonoscopy,however,the cleanliness of colon was graded as excellent in more subjects of group A( P ﹤ 0. 01),and less subjects of group A complained PEG-ES related nausea(P ﹤0. 05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the PEG-ES drinking pattern was associated with cleanliness of colon and occurrence of nausea( P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusions:Fractionated dose PEG-ES regimen provides a better colonic cleansing quality and tolerance for bowel preparation of colonoscopy,which is superior to that of single dose regimen.

Aged ; Cytoplasm ; Cytoplasmic Granules ; Female ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma ; pathology ; Plasma Cells ; pathology

Objective To investigate the relationship between the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) and the stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in chronic kidney disease outpatient clinic.Methods CKD patients of stages 1,2,3,4 and 5 were recruited (n=626).Based on office systolic pressure (SBP) and diastolic pressure (DBP),they were classified into four subtypes:normotension (＜ 140/90 mmHg),isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH,SBP ＜ 140 mmHg and DBP ≥ 90 mmHg),ISH (SBP≥ 140 mmHg and DBP ＜ 90 mmHg) and systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH,SBP≥140 mmHg and DBP≥90 mmHg).Results The control rate of blood pressure was 86.4％,75.6％,65.3％,51.0％ and 37.0％ at CKD stage 1,2,3,4 and 5,respectively,which decreased with the advancement of CKD.There was a stepwise increase in the prevalence of ISH (0,9.2％,23.9％,28.6％ and 37.0％ at CKD stage 1,2,3,4 and 5,respectively) and SDH (4.5％,8.4％,8.0％,17.3％,21.9％ at CKD stage 1,2,3,4 and 5,respectively).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,diabetes and CKD stages were independent predictors of ISH.Compared with CKD stage 1-2,CKD stage 3,4 and 5 showed 2.388,2.697 and 5.980 folds risk in developing ISH.Conclusion The prevalence of ISH increases correspondingly with the advancement of stages of CKD,which may partially contribute to the increased cardiovascular mortality during the progress of CKD.

Objective To analyze the changes of serum levels ofαII-spectrin breakdown products (SBDPs)in traumatic brain inj ury (TBI)patients,and further to investigate the clinical diagnosis value of SBDPs for patients with TBI,especially with mTBI.Methods The serum levels of SBDPs were examined in 43 severe TBI (sTBI)patients,43 mild TBI (mTBI)patients and 43 healthy controls using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The diagnostic usefulness of SBDPs for TBI patients were assessed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC)curves analysis.Results There was no significant difference of SBDP145 among the three groups (F=1.340,P>0.05).Serum levels of SBDP120 in controls,mTBI and con-trols were 7.06±2.23,11.67±9.14 and 12.64±11.44 ng/ml,respectively.Compared with controls,serum levels of SB-DP120 were significantly higher in patients with sTBI (F=9.873,P=0.001)and mTBI (F=9.873,P=0.008),while there was no significant difference of SBDP120 between sTBI patients and mTBI patients (F=9.873,P=0.515>0.05). The area under ROC curve (AUC)of SBDP120 for TBI patients was 0.781 (95% CI:0.690~0.872,P<0.001).For mTBI patients,the area under ROC curve was 0.736 (95% CI:0.624~0.848,P<0.001).And for discriminating TBI patients with CT negative or positive,the area under ROC curve was 0.709 (95% CI:0.582~0.837,P=0.007<0.01).Conclusion The serum levels of SBDP120 were significantly increased in TBI patients,especially mTBI patients.And the serum levels of SBDP120 can be used as potential non-invasive biomarker for mTBI patients.

Objective To complete an information chain to support stomatological materials purchase and providing manage-ment.MethodsThe main problems of the materials management information chain were analyzed.The system construction,technical architecture and function design were designed based on B/S and C/S structure.Results The vendor cloud platform completed the information chain for purchase and distribution of stomatological materials,and provided technical support to hospital consumables management.Conclusion The system normalizes stomatological materials management,guarantees the safety,timeliness and accuracy of materials supply,and thus is worthy applying practically.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility of the completely thoracoscopic lobectomy for clinical N0 and postoperatively pathological N2 non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC).MethodsFrom Sep.2006 to Jan.2010, 216 patients with NSCLC received completely thoracoscopic lobectomy in our center.Two hundred and six patients were clinical N0 preoperatively(103 males and 103 females, median age of 62.3 years, rang 29 to 85 years).They were divided into two groups based on postoperatively pathological staging, pN0 group and pN2 group.Some perioperative factors including age, gender,tumor size,tumor location,pathological type, pathological differentiation,rate of conversion to thoractomy,operation time,blood loss,lymph node dissection, time of drainge, hospitalization and complications were studied and compared between two groups.Results There were 203 cases of lobectomy, 2 cases of composite lobectomy and 1 case of pneumonectomy.All procedures were carried out safely without serious complication except for one operative death result from respiratory failure.There were 168 cases in pN0 group and 38 cases in pN2 group.Age and gender were similar between two groups.The tumor size in pN0 group was smaller than that in pN2 group [ (2.6 ± 1.6) cm vs (3.7 ± 1.9) cm, P = 0.001 ].The tumors in pN0 group were lesser appearance in the bilateral lower lobes (31.0％ vs 50.0％, P = 0.026).There was a approximate proportion of adenocarcinoma in two groups (82.7％ vs 73.7％, P = 0.181), but the proportion of poorly differentiated carcinoma in pN0 group was significantly lower than that in pN2 group(19.0％ vs 42.1％, P = 0.002).There were no differences in the rate of conversion to thoractomy(7.1％ vs 7.9％, P = 1.000), operation time[ (196.1 ± 53.7) min vs (208.6 ± 56.8) min, P = 0.202 ], blood loss[ (253.2 ±247.9) ml vs(279.0±183.3) ml, P=0.475], time of drainage[ (7.7 ±3.2) days vs (9.7 ±6.3) days,P=0.066], hospitalization[ (10.6 ±4.6) days vs (13.0 ±7.6) days, P =0.063]and complications(12.5％ vs 21.1％,P =0.171).The stations of mediastinal lymph node dissection were equivalent in two groups(3.1 ± 1.2 vs 3.3 ± 1.1, P =0.237) , but there were fewer numbers of mediastinal lymph node dissection in pN0 group (9.9 ± 6.8 vs 12.7 ± 8.4, P =0.038).ConclusionCompletely thoracoscopic lobectomy is a feasible surgical therapy for cN0-pN2 non-small-cell lung cancer without loss of curability.