Lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] is an LDL-like molecule consisting of an apolipoprotein (B) [Apo (B)] particle attached by a disulphide bridge to apolipoprotein (a) [Apo (a)].Because of the LPA gene polymorphisms,there exists Lp (a) molecular heterogeneity in the human population.Recently,several observations have pointed out that elevated serum Lp (a) levels may be an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease and an predictive indicator of cardiovascular disease.Recent findings suggest that Lp (a)-lowering therapy might be beneficial in patients with high Lp(a) levels.Currently,there are some problems in Lp(a) assay,including clinically diverse methods,the Lp (a) molecular heterogeneity between reference materials and test samples.Standardization of the Lp (a) reference reagents and measurement methods may be helpful for the wide application of Lp(a) in clinical medicine and be helpful for assuring the role of Lp(a) as an independent risk factor and predictive indicator of cardiovascular diseases.

While several lines of evidence prove that elevated concentrations of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) usually contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and its clinical consequences, high-density lipoproteins (HDL) are widely believed to exert atheroprotective effects. Hence, HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) is in general still considered as good cholesterol. Recent researches, however, suggest that this might not always be the case and that a fundamental reassessment of the clinical significance of HDL-C is warranted. The main function of HDL is to transfer the cholesterol outside the liver into the liver for catabolism.The liver′s cholesterol metabolism and other biological effects are dependent on the number of HDL particles and its proteins and lipid contents. These functions are difficult to be described simply with the HDL-C concentration. If the components of HDL particles change, they may have adverse effects on the blood vessels. Thus, high concentrations of HDL-C in plasma are not always protective factors, and some clinical trials improving HDL-C concentrations have failed to confirm a protective effect. To explore the complex relationship and pathological mechanism between HDL and atherosclerotic diseases, it is instructive for clinical application of the HDL measurement.

Objective To investigate the family care needs in patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE).Methods One hundred and twenty patients of hepatocellular carcinoma with non first time of TACE were selected from August 2013 to June 2014 by convenience sampling method.Using a self designed questionnaire form,investigated patients' families care after discharge needs,including psychological demand,nursing requirements and other requirements.The independent factors affecting families psychological needs were analyzed by multi-factor analysis of variance.Results Patients' families care needs in dimensions,psychological demand was the highest score for (3.12±0.81) scores.Care requirements and other requirements were (3.04±0.56),(2.18±0.36) scores,respectively.Each demand entries,understand pain processing requirements was the highest score for (3.78 ±1.02) scores,hospice and funeral support was the lowest for (1.27±0.38) scores.Education degree,and patient relationship were independent factors affecting patients' families psychological demand,P＜0.05.Conclusions TACE reduces quality of life of patients,the role of families in the care of patients is also important.Care needs of families after TACE,the psychological demand should be satisfied first,required at the same time attention to relevant nursing requirements and other requirements;while education from families and relationships with patients are independent factors affecting the psychological needs of patients' family members.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the mainirreversible blinding eye disease in the elderly.Its main pathogenic factors include age, genetic variation and lifestyle, but the specific pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated.As an emerging research method, proteomics technology has been gradually applied in the field of ophthalmology in recent years.A large number of studies about proteomic analysis of blood, tears, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, retina and choroid, drusen and RPE cell samples from AMD patients have been carried out to screen AMD biomarkers and explore the mechanism of AMD.These results can not only help us to make a more accurate diagnosis of AMD, but also play a guiding role in the selection of treatment targets and prognosis.

Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Teratoma ; pathology

· The mechanisms of regeneration and protection of optic nerve the represent of central nerves are researched more and more profoundly and extensively in recent years. The retinal ganglion cells protection after injury is stopping or preventing it from apoptosis mainly. The methods include glutamic acid inhibitor, nitric oxide (NO) inhibitor, neurotrophic factor, gene therapy, acupuncture, traditional Chinese medicine and so on. However, there have no any medicines or operations that play definite curative role in the retinal ganglion cells protection after injury up to now. So the ganglion cells protection is at its exploratory research stage,which will shoulder heavy responsibilities.

Objective To study on the drug-resistance mechanism of Brucella resistance to Quinolone antibiotics to guide the selection and use of antimicrobial agents in clinical practice. Methods Six strains of Brucella melitensis(Bru1, Bru2, Bru3, Bru4, Bru5, Bru6) were selected to be induced resistance to levofloxacin in vitro respectively. The MICs of the 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains were measured by agar dilution method. The sensitivity to Quinolone antibiotics (Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Norfloxacin, Fleroxacin, Ofloxaein) of 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains was measured by K-B method. The gyrA of the 6 strains of Brucella melitensis and induced resistant strains was amplified by PCR, then the nucleotide sequence of the genes were analyzed. Results The MICs of Bru1,Bru2,Bru3,Bru4, Bru6 were 0.50 μg/ml and Bru5 was 0.25 μg/ml. The strains Bin3, Bru4 were induced into drug-resistant strains by Levofloxacin, then were named LEVR3 and LEVR4 respectively. The MICs of LEVR3 and LEVR4 were 64,128 μg/ml with 128 and 256 times higher than that of the parental strains. The 6 strains of Brucella melitensis were sensitive to Quinolone antibiotics, LEVR3 and LEVR4 were resistant to Quinolone antibiotics. Neucleotide sequence analysis and comparison of the derived amino acid sequence revealed that Quinolone resistance-determing region of GyrA had a substitution at position Ala87 and Asp91 in laboratory resistant strains. Conclusion The results of in vitro experiments show that acquired resistance of Brucella melitensis strains to Levofloxacin could beinduced when exposed to high level of some antibacterial agents for short term. Two drug-resistant strains occur mutations in gyrA and have cross-resistance to other Quinolones.

Objective To structure a preliminary indicators system for evaluating the projects of Hospital in finished phase.Methods With Delphi method,collect the experts' opinion of the importance of every item.With AHP (Analytic hierarchy process) method,calculate the weight coefficient of every item.Results The positivity of the experts was fine; The authority coefficient of two rounds were 0.859 and 0.833,the consultation results are reliable; The coordination coefficient of two rounds were 0.254 and 0.553,according to the significance test,p values were less than 0.05,indicating that the results were desirable.According to the score of every item,we got the weight index of every items based on the AHP method.Finally we structure the indicators system including 3 primary indicators and 10 secondary indicators.Conclusion The preliminary results of this study provide a reference for the performance evaluation of projects in finished phase of China-Japan Friendship Hospital.

Objective To discuss imaging differentiating diagnosis of basal ganglia infarction by summarizing the features of 17 lesions on CT and MRI.Methods Among 17 cases, 6 were children occurred after their injury, and ranged in age from 5 to 11 years old with average 8 years old. Others were adults ranged in age from 53 to 78 years old with average 63 years old. All patients were examined with CT plain scans. 11 cases were underwent MRI and 5 were underwent 1 H MRS.Results 6 lesions in children were all single lateral cases. Among 11 adult lesions, 10 were single lateral and 1 was bilateral case. Basal ganglia infarctions demonstrated hyposignal on T_1WI, hypersignal on T_2WI and hypodense on CT. The lateral ventricles' anterior horns of the same side were pressed and narrow. On 1 H MRS, Lac was obviously observed in all lesions. NAA decreased markedly in 4 lesions and slightly in 1 lesion. 2 basal ganglia infarctions were together with hemorrhage.Conclusion Basal ganglia infarctions were mainly observed in the elder with arteriosclerosis and injured children. Its features on CT and MRI are characteristic, but it is in need of differentiating from basal ganglia lesions caused by other reasons. Marked Lac on 1 H MRS is its character.

Objective To evaluate and compare open and retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy.Methods Clinical data of 30 cases undergoing open adrenalectomy and 119 cases undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The 2 groups were compared in terms of these aspects: operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative analgesic use, time to remove drainage tube, time to resume eat, postoperative hospitalization time, complications, and tumor recurrence. In open surgery group, tumor diameter was between 0.5 cm -10.8 cm, 4.57 cm in average. 18 tumors were located on the left side and 12 tumors on the right side. In laparoscopic group, tumor diameter was between 0.8 cm -14.5 cm, 2.78 cm in average. 59tumors were located on the left side and 60 tumors on the right side. Patients in open surgery group were followed up for 6-72 months and retroperitoneal laparoscopic group 4-20 months. Results Open adrenalectomy were successful in all the 30 cases. 12 cases in laparoscopic surgery group converted to open surgery among whom 8 cases were due to poor visibility, 1 case due to renal artery injury, 1 case due to large tumor size, 1 case because of diaphragmatic injury and 1 case because of pleural injury. Laparoscopic surgery was superior to open surgery in terms of operation duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative analgesic use, time to start food taking, time to remove drainage tube, and postoperative hospitalization time. The difference had statistical significance (P ＜0.05 ). Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy has advantages such as less trauma, less blood loss, and shorter recovery time, which make this procedure the modern golden standard for treatment of benign adrenal neoplasm.