Objective: To investigate the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in essential tremor (ET). Methods: Twenty-seven eyes of 27 patients with essential tremor were included in this study. Twentyseven eyes of 27 healthy volunteers served as controls. All eyes were examined with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Retinascan Advanced RS-3000; NIDEK, Gamagori, Japan) using image filling software program (NAVIS-EX, NIDEK, Tokyo, Japan). Results: No statistically significant difference was detected between ET patients and control group for overall (RNFL) and foveal retinal thickness parameters. [RNFL thickness (Average thickness p=0.86, superior average p=0.22, inferior average p=0.24, nasal average p=0.06, temporal average p=0.88), foveal retinal thickness p=0.63] There was no relationship between OCT parameters and age, gender and duration of ET (all p>0.05). Conclusion: We did not find altered RNFL and foveal thickness values in patients with ET compared to controls. Retinal thickness changes do not seem to be a potentially useful biomarker in ET patients.
Essential Tremor

Osteolytic disease of the bones have a myriad range of aetiology. One rare cause is Gorham’s disease or disappearing bone disease. This disease is a diagnosis by exclusion using correlation made with clinical presentation, radiological findings and histopathological confirmation. Although many different therapies have been advocated, none have been successful in fully controlling this disease. We present a case that was detected in a Chinese lady using diagnostic imaging, confirmed with computed tomography guided biopsy and successfully treated with joint reconstruction using endoprosthesis.
Osteolysis, Essential

Multicentric disappearing bone disease, or Gorham disease, is a rare entity. A middle age woman, presented to us with left sided antalgic gait and severe bony deformity of her left knee. Radiograph revealed massive bone defect of the medial condyle of the left tibia with subluxation of the knee joint. She was scheduled for knee replacement in six months. However, she developed another lesion over the right hip that typically mimicked the disease progression of disappearing bone disease. The right femoral head vanished progressively within three months without significant history of infection or trauma. Subsequent bone biopsy of the right femoral head and left tibia condyle confirmed the diagnosis. Total knee replacement was carried out for her left knee. She remained pain free on her left knee. A year later, after confirming by sequential radiographs that the osteolysis had stopped, total right hip replacement was performed. Five years later, she remained pain free and both the arthroplasties were stable.
Osteolysis, Essential

No abstract available.
Thrombocythemia, Essential*

No abstract available.
Thrombocythemia, Essential*

No abstract available.
Dystonia* ; Essential Tremor* ; Tremor*

Use of ketosteril is a solution of supplying the essential aminoacide without complement of nitrogen for patient so limits the hyperuremia during renal failure. In order to enhance the effect of ketosteril, the patient should take up the low protein dietary. This dietary will limit the hyperuremia. The combination ketosteril with the low protein dietary better limits the hyperuremia, currently without leading to lack of essential aminoacid
ketosteril ; Amino Acids, Essential

Section II: changing “anti-temperature” to “anti-pyritic”; 1. analgesic agents with opide containing 2. analgesic agent without opide containing; Section III. The antiallergenic drugs and drugs for hypersensitivity should be changed to the antiallergenic and anti- hypersensitivity agents. Section IV. The anti-toxic: 4.1 specific anti-toxic; 4.2.non- specific anti -toxic agents
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drugs, Essential

Study aimed to introduce some principles for selecting the essential drugs in the list including assurance of effective and safe treatment, suitability with ability of patient’s cost and health insurance budget and using of the drug list (modern medicine and traditional medicine and regulation of use).
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drugs, Essential

The list of essential drug of VN, 1998 as follows: 1. Anaesthesia; 2. Non - steroidal anti inflammatory and antigouty drugs; 3. Anti-allergy and hyper- sensitivity; 4. Anti-toxicity; 5. Anti-epilepsy; 6. Anti-microbial and helminthicide; 7. Anti-migraine; 8. Anti-cancer and immunosuppression; 9. Anti- Parkinson; 10. Blood system drugs; 11. Blood-products-blood replacement; 12. Cardiovascular drugs; 13. External medicine; 14. Hormone; Endocrine and contraceptive drugs; 15. Microbicide; 16. Diuretic; 17. Gastrointestinal track; 18. Drugs for diagnostics; 19. Immunological drug; 20. Myodilator; 21. Drugs in ear, nose-throat; 22. Oxytocic, antihemorrhagic after delivery and anti premature born; 23. Dialysis solutions; 24. Anti- psychological disorder; 25. Drug for respiratory tract; 26. Solutions for electrolyte and water balance and acid-base balance; 27. Vitamin and mineral elements
Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Drugs, Essential