Brucellosis ; China ; Epidemics ; Humans

Medical supply is a key resource for responding to public health emergencies and maintaining people's lives and health. As the medical equipment management department, the medical devices department is mainly responsible for the procurement, supply, technical support, management and coordination of medical equipment and medical consumables, playing an important role in epidemic prevention and control. Through the analysis of the expansion cases of designated hospitals, the experience of emergency management of medical equipment has been accumulated, which has strong practicability and replicability.
Humans ; Public Health ; Emergencies ; Hospitals ; Epidemics

Epidemics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; utilization ; Humans

Objective: To identify a suspected clustered Typhoid fever by whole genome sequencing(WGS) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping. Methods: The nature of the epidemic was determined by combination of subtyping results of isolates and epidemiological information. Results: Five S. typhimurium isolates showed identical PFGE patterns and almost the same whole genome sequence. Epidemiological survey showed that five cases had dined in the same restaurant on the same day. Conclusion: Combined with the longest incubation period of typhoid fever, molecular subtyping of pathogenic bacteria and the field epidemiological survey, it can be preliminarily determined that the five cases have common infection sources.
Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Typhoid Fever/microbiology*

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and the transmission chain of a family clustering of COVID-19 cases caused by severe acute respiratory 2019-nCoV Delta variant in Changping district of Beijing. Methods: Epidemiological investigation was conducted and big data were used to reveal the exposure history of the cases. Close contacts were screened according to the investigation results, and human and environmental samples were collected for nucleic acid tests. Positive samples were analyzed by gene sequencing. Results: On November 1, 2021, a total of 5 COVID-19 cases caused by 2019-nCoV Delta variant were reported in a family detected through active screening. The infection source was a person in the same designated isolation hotel where the first case of the family cluster was isolated from 22 to 27, October. The first case was possibly infected through aerosol particles in the ventilation duct system of the isolation hotel. After the isolation discharge on October 27, and the first case caused secondary infections of four family members while living together from October 27 to November 1, 2021. Conclusion: 2019-nCoV Delta variant is prone to cause family cluster, and close attention needs to be paid to virus transmission through ventilation duct system in isolation hotels.
Aerosols ; COVID-19 ; Epidemics ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2

Transmission network analysis is a crucial evaluation tool aiming to explore the characteristics of the human immunodeficiency virus epidemic, develop evidence-based prevention strategies, and contribute to various areas of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevention and control. Over recent decades, transmission networks have made tremendous strides in terms of modes, methods, applications, and various other aspects. Transmission network methods, including social, sexual, and molecular transmission networks, have played a pivotal role. Each transmission network research method has its advantages, as well as its limitations. In this study, we established a systematic review of these aforementioned transmission networks with respect to their definitions, applications, limitations, recent progress, and synthetic applications.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Epidemics ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Sexual Behavior

Curriculum ; Epidemics ; Health Occupations ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control*

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on a local cluster of outbreak caused by imported cases of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in rural areas of Chengdu in December 2020, to find out the source of infection and the chain of transmission. According to
COVID-19 ; Disease Outbreaks ; Epidemics ; Humans ; Quarantine ; SARS-CoV-2

This study collected epidemic data of COVID-19 in Zhengzhou from January 1 to January 20 in 2022. The epidemiological characteristics of the local epidemic in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant were analyzed through epidemiological survey and big data analysis, which could provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the Delta variant. In detail, a total of 276 close contacts and 599 secondary close contacts were found in this study. The attack rate of close contacts and secondary close contacts was 5.43% (15/276) and 0.17% (1/599), respectively. There were 10 confirmed cases associated with the chain of transmission. Among them, the attack rates in close contacts of the first, second, third, fourth and fifth generation cases were 20.00% (5/25), 17.86% (5/28), 0.72% (1/139) and 14.81% (4/27), 0 (0/57), respectively. The attack rates in close contacts after sharing rooms/beds, having meals, having neighbor contacts, sharing vehicles with the patients, having same space contacts, and having work contacts were 26.67%, 9.10%, 8.33%, 4.55%, 1.43%, and 0 respectively. Collectively, the local epidemic situation in Zhengzhou High-tech Zone has an obvious family cluster. Prevention and control work should focus on decreasing family clusters of cases and community transmission.
Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; Epidemics ; Incidence

OBJECTIVES: During the epidemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), the wide spread of rumors caused significant public hazards. This study aims to understand the situation of discrimination for typical COVID-19 rumors by the public and related factors. METHODS: An anonymous online survey was carried out using Questionnaire Star. The contents included participants' gender, age, education level, the COVID-19 information sources, and the judgmental questions about 14 representative COVID-19 rumors. The discrimination rate and 95% confidence interval of 14 rumors were estimated, and the association of discrimination rate with gender, age, and education level was analyzed by binary logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 2 087 valid questionnaires were collected. The participants were mainly female (62.7%) and below 35 years old (63.4%); the education level was predominantly college/bachelor's degree (47.3%) and master's degree or above (39.1%); the participants, who accessed to COVID-19 information included internet media, accounted for 91%. The participants with different gender, age, and education level had significant differences in the distribution of COVID-19 information sources (all P<0.01). The participants' discrimination rate for 14 rumors ranged from 67.4% to 98.6%, with 4 rumors less than 80%. Women's discrimination rate of 9 rumors was significantly higher than men's (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the discrimination rate of rumors among the different age groups (all P>0.05), but the differences in the discrimination rate of other rumors among the different age groups varied according to the rumor. Compared to those with high school or less education levels, the discrimination rates were also higher in the respondents with high education levels (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A few publics are still unable to identify typical rumors during the COVID-19 epidemic. There are associations among genders, age, and the education levels with the discrimination of some rumors. The government authorities should strengthen the true information regarding COVID-19, and therefore enhance the public's ability to identify rumors.
Humans ; Female ; Male ; Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology* ; Epidemics ; Surveys and Questionnaires