A survey was conducted on 3 subjects groups (wearing 100% plain silk, 100% satin silk, and 100% polyester shirt). All participants walked ten minutes on treadmill in hot (32-34oC) and humidity (72-75%) environment. The aim of the survey was to compare the fabric advantages for users working in hot and humid ambient environment. Obtained results showed there were no significant differences neither in skin temperature nor heart rate of subjects wearing shirt made of pure silk or pure polyester fibbers. However the subjective irritating sensations were dominant in subjects wearing 100% polyester shirt, while less ratio of that was observed for subjects wearing 100% silk shirt. The average amount of sweat remained in the 100% polyester shirt was higher than that in the silk one.
Clothing ; Environment

Cross-sectional surveys were carried out in ThuaThien-Hue province successively in 1993, 1997 and 2000. Percentage of households using tap water in Hue city: 1993: 71.6%; 1998: 76.9%; 2000: 87.5%. However the percentage of households having clean latrines was still low: 1993: 49.3%; 1998: 63.3%; 2000: 52.9%. This was due to the damages caused by the severe flood, which occurred in November - December 1999.
Sanitation ; Environment

Population is major cause that impacts on the environmental damage and degeneration currently and in the future. This paper analysed the situation of Vietnam's population including growth rate, distribution, migration, municipalization, and structure as age, sex, and marital status. In Vietnam, the population has been impacting the environmental degeneration and damage such as forest, sea, water, resource, air and light.
Population ; Environment

Study on impact of work environment and examination on health status of 117 male workers in workshop of “Mai Dong” Company showed that these workers have to work in the heat stress environment with hazard factor lavels are higher than allowed standard such as noise, dust concentration, toxic gases (CO, SO2, NOx..) Almost workers were suffer from diseases as E.N.T, tooth and face, lung disease, eyes. From study measures are suggested to protect and take of workers.
Environment ; Health

Cross-sectional study was conducted in 6 handicraft villages, 600 producing households, 1.672 handicraft employees and 135 agricultural employees. The study results showed that: 98.4% of producing households had generated hazardous factors such as noise, heat, dust, micro-organism etc. In food processing village: 83.3% of micro-climate samples and 100% of light samples exceeded the permissible limits. In mechanical villages: 100% of noise sample accessed the permissible limit. In fine arts furniture villages: 91.3% of micro-climate sample, 75% of light sample and 69.5% of dust sample exceeded the permissible limits. In general, almost of handicraft employee had poor knowledge on risk factors at workplaces and their harms. The disease prevalence of handicraft employees was 85.3% that was higher than that of agricultural employee (58,5%). The difference was statistic significant (p=0.0001; RR= 1.46). Handicraft employee liked to have healthcare services at commune’s health station or have health workers at worker place and health insurance.
Environment ; Health

This study was carried out to evaluate environmental factors at Ha Nam General Hospital. The result showed that: about 640 kg of solid waste is generated everyday of which 22% is toxic. The equipments and infrastructure are under ability for treating this waste. Almost of the microclimatic parameters are in the normal value, but the illumination is a little low. The physical and chemical parameters in supplied water at the hospital are within the permitted standard. The hospital need to equip tools and equipment for collecting, transportation and treatment this waste according to the standards of Viet Nam Ministry of Health, standard waste bins
Environment, Sanitation

A study of environmental sanitation in Bac Ninh General Hospital was carried out in 2004 with certain objects: 145 patients and their relatives, 37 people living near the hospital, 35 health workers, and 5 managers of the hospital… The hospital delivered about 1570 kg of waste daily; 340 kg of them was dangerous and must be treated in special way. The hospital implemented medical solid waste management and treatment well; the incinerator had worked effectively in making the hospital’s environment fresh. The medical solid waste treatment system of this hospital was a good sample
Sanitation, Environment

The study was carried out on two groups at working age at Van Chang and Nhat villages of Nam Dinh province from end of 2002 to beginning of 2003. Group 1 included 180 mechanical workers at Van Chang village. Group 2 (control group) included 186 cultivators in Nhat village. Results: The percentage of people having history of respiratory diseases such as sore throat, acute and chronic bronchitis in Van Chang village was higher than those in Nhat village (48% vs. 40%). Respiratory function measure show that the percentage of abnormities of respiratory function were 17.3% in Van Chang village and 6.5% in Nhat village. The histories of working accidents in Van Chang village were 14.4% and in Nhat village were 4.8%. Workers at Van Chang machinery village have higher risk of anomalies of respiratory tract in comparison with people in agricultural villages.
Environment ; Health

Health ; Environment

INTRODUCTION: Metro Manila is at risk from “the big one”, a magnitude 7.2 earthquake caused by the movement of the West Valley Fault, thus awareness and preparedness of the people are very important. The study compared the levels of earthquake awareness and preparedness of households in a high-risk area and a low risk area. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 376 households each from a high- and a low-risk barangay in Metro Manila using a self-administered household-based survey questionnaire consisting of questions on awareness and preparedness. The prevalence of households classified as aware and wellprepared was computed; the significance of differences between the high- and low risk barangays was determined through Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS: There were fewer households classified as aware in the high-risk barangay compared with the low risk barangay, but the difference was not significant (PR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.84, 1.01, p = 0.078, Fisher’s exact test). Less than half of households were classified as well-prepared in both high- and low risk barangays (49.7 vs 46.5%) and the difference was not significant (PR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.92, 1.24, p = 0.422, Fisher’s exact test). Television was the most common source of information in both barangays. Households in the high-risk barangay were more likely to be well-prepared when a member was at least a high school graduate (PR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.24, 5.22, p = 0.001, Fisher’s exact test). CONCLUSION There was no difference in the levels of awareness and preparedness between high and low risk barangays. Television was the most common source of information in both high and low risk barangays. The presence of at least one high school graduate in the household from a high-risk barangay was associated with preparedness but not awareness.
environment ; earthquake ;