1.Viral Encephalitis in Childhood : Etiologic Agents and Characteristics.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 1997;40(7):805-813
No abstract available.
Encephalitis, Viral*
2.Clinico-Epidemiologic features and outcome of Infectious and Immune-mediated Pediatric Encephalitis
Bea Czarina T. Loque ; Caroly A. Butler
Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal 2022;23(1):62-74
Introduction:
The etiology of encephalitis involves an enormous range and can be classified as infectious or immune-mediated. There are several factors influencing its prognosis and has been associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the clinico-epidemiologic characteristics and outcomes of infectious and immune-mediated encephalitis among pediatric patients.
Methodology:
Retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study that included patients aged 6 months to 17 years old with encephalitis in a tertiary hospital between January 2010 to December 2020
Results:
A total of 23 cases were reviewed and 60.87% were infectious while that of immune-mediated was 39.13%. Among those with identified infectious cause, Mycoplasma pneumonia was the most common (28.57%). Infectious encephalitis was more common among younger males (35.71%) while immune-mediated affected female adolescents more (55.56%). The most common neurologic manifestation was altered mental status and/or behavioral changes. Treatment such as antibiotics (78.26%), anticonvulsant therapy (78.26%), and steroids (43.48%) were given. All immune-mediated cases received steroids. More than half of patients had complete recovery (56.52%).
Conclusion
Pediatric encephalitis should be considered among patients with neurologic dysfunction with or without systemic involvement. Behavioral changes in an apparently well child should prompt clinicians to consider anti-NMDAR encephalitis, especially if viral studies are negative and with no other known cause. Viruses remain to be the most common etiology, but other possible causes should be highly considered such as anti-NMDAR and Mycoplasma. A normal CSF analysis, imaging and/or encephalography (EEG) may not totally exclude encephalitis. Prognosis is relatively good hence an early diagnosis and initiation of appropriate management is important.
Encephalitis
;
Infectious Encephalitis
;
Encephalitis, Viral
;
Mycoplasma
3.Acute Viral Encephalitis in Children : Clinical Characteristics.
Journal of the Korean Medical Association 1997;40(7):821-827
No abstract available.
Child*
;
Encephalitis, Viral*
;
Humans
4.A Case of Viral Encephalitis as a Presenting Symptom of Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis: Kikuchi's Disease.
Hyon Ah YI ; Hyung LEE ; Yu Na KANG ; Yong Won CHO ; Jeong Geun LIM ; Sang Doe YI
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2005;23(1):135-137
No abstract available.
Encephalitis, Viral*
;
Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis*
5.A Case with Viral Encephalitis presenting a Dissociations in the Retrograde Amnesia.
Jun Seong LIM ; Jung Eun KIM ; Min Jae BAEK ; Sang Yun KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2005;23(4):541-546
We describe a case of anterograde and retrograde amnesia resulting from probable herpes simplex encephalitis. In retrograde amnesia, dissociations not only between episodic and semantic memories, but also between semantic memories for personal and public things were observed. We postulated, using FDG-PET, that the former was caused by mesial temporal lesions, based on `multiple trace theory', and the latter, by bilateral lateral temporal lesions, which were probably related to the retrieval of semantic memory, especially for public things.
Amnesia, Retrograde*
;
Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex
;
Encephalitis, Viral*
;
Humans
;
Memory
;
Semantics
6.The identification of new viral encephalitis that was isolated from cerebrospinal fluids of acute encephalitis syndrome patients by electron microscopy
Journal of Practical Medicine 2004;494(11):57-59
The application of electron microscopy to the rapid diagnosis of viral infection is an important and integral part of diagnostic procedures. Negative staining with a solution of uranyl acetate, which is an electron-dense salt used to stain virus particles, fills the interstices of the virus surface giving the resulting electron micrograph. With ultrathin section was given that new viral encephalitis from cerebrospinal fluids of acute encephalitis syndrome patients a spherical, RNA virus, have enveloped virions about 50-60 min diameter. This virus was sensitivity with C6/36 clone of Aedes albopictus as well as many arboviruses.
Encephalitis, Viral
;
Cerebrospinal Fluid
;
Syndrome
;
Microscopy, Electron
8.Relapsing Herpes Simplex Encephalitis.
Wooyoung JANG ; Ki Wook OH ; Hyun Young KIM ; Gwangsu HAN ; Hee Tae KIM ; Seung Hyun KIM ; Juhan KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2007;25(3):393-397
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is the most common type of viral encephalitis and a fourteen day administration of acyclovir is well-known as the treatment of choice for HSE. Occasionally HSE relapses, but rarely with acyclovir treatment. We report a case of relapsing HSE after treatment with acyclovir for 14 days. Our case suggests that patients with progressive high signal intensities in diffusion-weighted brain MRIs might need longer antiviral therapy over 14 days for preventing the relapse of herpes simplex encephalitis.
Acyclovir
;
Brain
;
Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex*
;
Encephalitis, Viral
;
Herpes Simplex*
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Recurrence
9.Japanese Encephalitis in Korea, 2010: Case Reports and Epidemiology.
Min Ju YEO ; Kyung Ho CHOI ; Suk Hun KANG ; Sung Hun KIM ; Seo Young LEE ; Moo Hyeon SONG ; Seung Hwan LEE
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2011;29(4):335-338
Japanese encephalitis has been the leading cause of epidemic viral encephalitis in Korea. In 2010, 26 patients with Japanese encephalitis were documented in Korea. Patients older than 50 years accounted for 54% of this cohort, and none of the patients was younger than 10 years. The number of documented cases of Japanese encephalitis increased markedly in 2010 compared to the annual reported cases during the previous 10 years.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Cohort Studies
;
Encephalitis, Japanese
;
Encephalitis, Viral
;
Humans
;
Korea
10.A connection number-based principal factor analysis forecast method to forecast the encephalitis B epidemics.
Xiu-yang LI ; Kun CHEN ; Ke-qin ZHAO
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology 2005;26(3):218-220
OBJECTIVETo detect the relations between incidence rate of the epidemical encephalitis B and related factors, to provide a simple, valid and practical new method for forecasting encephalitis B eipdemics.
METHODSConnection number between the incidence rate of encephalitis B and the historical forecast factors was computed, before ranking the first, second and the third principal factor, to remove the factor with the smallest value in the light of the connection number before comparing the newest value of forecast factors with the same kind of history while the most nearly value becoming the forecasting factor value and to establish a forecasting equation according to the factor value and the consistent degree of the incidence rate of encephalitis B at that time. Finally, to put into the new factor value to get this forecast value under this equation. Assuming that there are n' (n' >or= 2) forecast factors, this time forecast value can then be directly obtained from the average of these estimate values.
RESULTSUsing above forecast method to forecast the incidence rate of encephalitis B at certain place and year, the predicting value is very much close to the actual incidence rate. Difference between the predicting value forecasted by the above-mentioned method and the actual incidence rate is only 0.0264/100 000 with an accurate rate of 97.94%.
CONCLUSIONThis principal factor analysis forecast method based on connection number in forecasting the incidence rate of encephalitis B prevention is acceptable.
China ; epidemiology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; Encephalitis, Viral ; epidemiology ; virology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Incidence