More than 3 years have passed since the guideline for infection prevention at acupuncture and moxibustion clinics was issued. We studied changes in the attitude toward sanitization of the environment and consciousness about infection prevention at acupuncture and moxibustion clinics during this period. The subjects were members of the Acupuncture and Moxibustion Societies of Kyoto and Osaka (n=349). About 70% of the subjects felt anxiety about infections, and nearly 80% of them were interested in sanitizing the clinics. More than half (57%) of the subjects were using both disposable and reusable needles, and about half the subjects disposed of used needles without sterilization. Concerning the linen, pillow covers were changed for every patient by about 70% of the subjects, but towels and sheets were changed by only 20% and 10%, respectively. White coats were changed within 1 week by about 70% of the subjects. Most subjects answered that the clinics were cleaned everyday, but less than a half of them sterilize slippers. About half the subjects answered that curtains were washed every 3-6 months. Autoclaves were placed in only 90% of the clinics. Attention to preventive measures against infection of therapists tended to diminish with increase in the clinical experience.