Background: Palliative care has been advocated to be administered in the early phase of cancer treatment. However, little is known concerning the recognition of palliative care in general citizens. We have conducted promotional activities for palliative care as “Nonohana Project” since 2009. The aim of the current study was to investigate the awareness of palliative care in the general public in Okayama Prefecture. Methods: We performed telephone questionnaire survey about palliative care for a total of 600 general citizens aged 20 or over in Okayama Prefecture. This survey was conducted in 2009 and 2010, and we compared those results. Results: Two hundred twenty four people (37.3%) have heard of the phrase “palliative care” in 2009 and 219 people (36.5%) in 2010. The recognition of palliative care stayed at the same level as in the previous fiscal year. In those with a history of cancer of themselves or their family, the recognition was slightly increased (41.6% in 2009 and 43.2% in 2010). There were many people who were interested in palliative care in both 2009 (87.9%) and 2010 (86.3%). Conclusion: Our study indicated that many people still had no idea of palliative care in Okayama Prefecture, despite of our promotion and effort for 1 year. However, many were interested in palliative care, suggesting a need for continuous promotion to increase the understanding of palliative care.