The Neutral detergent method (AACC method) for determining insoluble dietary fiber in cereals and cereal foods has been used in this experiment. The results showed that the suitable size of the sample was 40-mesh and the better period for digestion in hot neutral detergent solution was one hour for determination. Decahydronaphthalene as a defoaming agent was better than n-octane. The average recoveries of two different ways were from 94.1% to 100.4%. The coefficient of variation for eight wheat samples was 1.8%. Because of its simple equipment, easy operation and good accuracy, this method would be suitable for determination of cereals and cereal foods.

Objective To explore factors associated with emergency room(ER)length of stay and provide basis for the emergency managers about the development of relevant measures.Methods Data of critically ill patients from the emergency room in a tertiary teaching hospital from January 2010 to June 2011 were retrospectively studied.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to determine possible factors and further compare the clinical characteristics of the patients.Results(1)From January 2010 to June 2011 a total of 11 468 patients were seen in the emergency department,the median ER length of stay was 11 h,a number of 6 525 patients(56.9％)stayed in ER more than 6 h.(2)Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors contributing to length of stay more than 6 hours were types of wards,green channel,treatment time,followed by admitted to ICU,traffic,sent by 120,the number of initial diagnosis,destinations of disposition,sex,holiday visit,visit month.While age,occupation,residence were not factors.Conclusions The patients in this hospital has a prolonged length of stay.The associated factors included types of wards,green channel,treatment time deserves a further study.

Objective: To observe the pharmacodynamic function of Tibet medicine Si Chen Zhi Ke Granule and its mechanism.Methods: Animal model of cough,inflammation and fever were used to investigate the pharmacodynamic action.Results: This medicine could evidently supress cough induced by strong ammonia in mice at the dosage of crude drug 6.7g /kg,crude drug 13.4g /kg and crude drug 26.8g /kg(P

Objective To compare the safety and efficacy of 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization of the prostate with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods From July 2014 to July 2015,82 patients diagnosed as BPH were randomly divided into two groups.Forty cases of them underwent 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization and 42 cases for TURP.The operation time,hemoglobin decrease,serum sodium decrease,bladder irrigation time,duration of bladder catheterization and postoperative complications were recorded.The international prostate symptom score (IPSS),maximum flow rate (Qmax) and post-voiding residual volume (PVR) before and after operation were compared.Results No differences were found between the two groups in basic preoperative characteristics,such as:age,prostate volume,IPSS,PVR and Qmax(P＞0.05).The mean operative time in the diode laser group was (64.8±14.6) min,slightly longer than tin he TURP group ((59.3 ± 14.5) min,P＞0.05).The hemoglobin decrease,the serum sodium decrease,the time of bladder irrigating and the time of catheterization of 1470 nm diode laser group were all less than that in TURP group,the differences were significant between the two groups((2.06±1.43) g/L vs.(6.07±1.68) g/L,(1.16±0.67) mmol/L vs.(4.09±3.78) mmol/L,(5.08±2.80) h vs.(25.8±12.7) h,(3.38±1.17) d vs.(4.88± 1.42) d,respectively;t =-11.615,-4.845,-10.337,-5.232;P＜0.001).The complications in 1470nm diode laser group were less than that in TURP group,but the differences were not significant between the two groups(P＞0.05).All patients were followed up for 3-12 months,the IPSS,PVR and Qmax of 3 months after surgery in 1 470 nm diode laser group and TURP group were all improved significantly compared with that of preoperative in both groups,but no statistical differences could be found between the two groups(IPSS:F inner grouP=527.65,P＜0.001;F between groups=0.099,P=0.753;F across groups=0.040,P=0.843,PVR:F inner grouP =509.57,P＜ 0.001;F between groups =2.817,P =0.097;F across groups =1.02,P=0.315;Qmax:inner grouP=60.06,P＜0.001;F between groups =0.30,P=0.585;F across groups =0.394,P=0.532).Conclusion 1 470 nm diode laser vaporization of the prostate can significantly improve the patient's lower urinary tract obstruction symptoms,which show similar short-term effects with TURP.It also has advantages of less bleeding,shorter catheter indwelling time and rapid postoperative recovery compared with TURP,suggesting that it is a safe and effective operation for BPH treatment.

Objective:Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) acts as a regulator for axon guidance in central nervous system development. However, new evidence indicates that Sema4D has a previously unrecognized function, namely, compensatory angiogenic factor. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Sema4D on tumor growth and vascularity of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in nude mice. Meth-ods:Sema4D was knocked down in CRC cells by infecting the cells with lentiviruses coding for Sema4D shRNA. Two groups of cells, namely, those infected with control viruses and those infected with Sema4D shRNA viruses, were subjected to migration assay to test their ability induce endothelial cell migration. The two cell groups were subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Tumor growth was documented, and the tumors harvested from the mice were subjected to immunohistochemistry or immuno fl uorescence analyses. Re-sults:In vitro migration assay results indicated that media conditioned by HCT-116 cells infected with Sema4D shRNA lentiviruses in-duced low endothelial cell migration. The two groups of subcutaneously inoculated cells showed 100%tumorigenicity. However, tumor growth rates were significantly different between the two groups. Xenografts in which Sema4D was downregulated showed marked re-duction in tumor size and vascularity. Conclusion:Cancer cells may highly express Sema4D to trigger net neo-angiogenesis and gener-ate a tumor blood supply system. Thus, Sema4D could potentially be a target in anti-angiogenic therapy of CRC patients.

Objective To explore the ischemic myocardial perfusion and viability.Methods Ten successful pigs with myocardial infarction model underwent MRI first-pass myocardial perfusion examinations preoperatively and 24 hours,72 hours and one week postoperation.After MRI examinations,the experimental pigs were executed and the samples underwent TTC staining and pathological examination.Results The preoperative myocardial perfusion in the all of the 10 pigs was nomal,but there were myocardial perfusion decrease and defects in 8 experimental pigs after operation,the perfusion curves in the area with perfusion defects had no obvious peak,but there was gradual increase in the end of the performance.The perfusion peak of the area with perfusion decrease was lower than that of normal inferior and lateral myocardial wall(P＜0.05) and the peak perfusion time was delayed compared with that of normal inferior and lateral myocardial wall (P＜0.05).There was myocardial necrosis in the perfusion defects areas that was certified by TTC staining and pathological examination.The intersititial edema and myocardial degeneration could be seen in the perfusion reduced areas.Conclusion MRI fist-pass myocardial perfusion imaging combined with perfusion curve analysis can evaluate the perfusion changes of the regional myocardial microcirculation.

To study the protective effect of Danshen Tongluo capsule on rat hearts in the myocardial infarction (MI) model. After being fed with high fat diets for one month, the SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group and the model group according to the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF). The MI model group was duplicated by ligating coronary artery and then divided into five groups: the model group, the positive control group (model + captopril), the small dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo), the medium dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo) and the high dose group (model + Danshen Tongluo). Four weeks later, changes in myocardium ultra-structure were observed by hemodynamics, cardiac ultrasound and electron microscope. The results showed: (1) All doses of Danshen Tongluo capsule could significantly reduce the left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) (P <0.01), increase the maximum internal pressure of the left ventricle (+ dp/dtmax), and lower the drop rate of left ventricular pressure (- dp/dtmax), with statistical significances in medium and high dose groups; (2) The B ultrasound results showed increase in EF and left ventricular shortening fraction (FS) in all dose groups of Danshen Tongluo capsule; (3) The medium dose group showed significant decrease in myocardial infarction index (P <0.01) and injured and fractured myofilament and sarcomere of ischemic myocardium in myocardial ultra-structure; All of Danshen Tongluo capsule-treated groups revealed reduction in myocardial injury and myocardial infraction area. The study preliminarily proves that Danshen Tongluo capsule can improve hemodynamic function, and has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia.
Animals ; Capsules ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; ultrastructure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Ventricular Function, Left ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the surgical approaches for sinonasal tumors with intracranial extension.

METHODSSeventeen patients with intracranial invasion tumors were treated surgically by maxillectomy combined with frontal or infratemporal approaches in 11 cases, including squamous cell carcinoma 8 cases, papillocarcinoma 2 cases and meningioma 1 case. Nasofrontal bone translocation in 1 case which was a meningioma case, craniofacial approaches in 5 cases, including squamous cell carcinoma 4 cases and esthesioneuroblastoma 1 csae.

RESULTSOne of two meningioma cases with cavernous sinus invasion was incompletely resected, another case was resected en bloc. In malignant group, ten cases were treated by nasomaxillectomy combined with frontal or infratemporal approaches. One patient died 1 year after operation, 7 cases survived for over 3 years, and 5 for over 5 years. Five cases were treated by craniofacial approach, among them, one patient died 6 months after operation, 4 cases survived for over 3 years, and 2 for over 5 years. All patients healed smoothly.

CONCLUSIONSMaxillary nasopyramid translocation combined with frontocranial or infratemporal approach is available for en bloc removal of sinonasal tumors with intracranial extension. The nasofrontal bone translocation is available for removal of tumors with limited intracranial extension and well developed frontal sinus. Cranioanterolateral facial approach is suitable for nasocranial tumors with facial bone involvement.

Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo determine the effects of Varglaucocalyx on c-fos gene expression during global myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

METHODForty Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: group N as control; group CN as ischemia-reperfusion control and group XH, XM and XL treated with Varglaucocalyx 5%, 1%, 0.5% respectively prior to ischemia-reperfusion. The isolated rat hearts were perfused in condition of constant temperature and pressure, and then the left ventricular myocardiums were extracted for use. The expression of c-fos protein was detected by immunochemical method. The expression of c-fos protein were quantified by using computer image analysis system.

RESULTCompared with the values of group N, protein expressions relative area of c-fos gene (PERA) were increased significantly in group CN, XH, XM, XL(P < 0.01), but decreased significantly in group XH, XM, XL, compared with those of group CN (P < 0.05). The PERA of c-fos gene in group XM, XL were significantly lower than in group XH (P < 0.01), and the PERA of c-fos gene in group XM were lower than in group XL(P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONVarglaucocalyx can effectively depress the expression of c-fos gene in myocardium which may account for its protection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and the middle and the low concentrations of Varglaucocalyx are more effective than the high concentrations.

Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Genes, fos ; Isodon ; chemistry ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; etiology ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos ; biosynthesis ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVEThe antitumor effects of icarisid II, timosaponin A-III, neferine and salidroside were studied in PANC-1 xenograft tumor.

METHODTo establish of the nude mice xenograft tumor model, PANC-1 cells were injected. When the tumor major diameter was reached 3-5 mm, the treatment was initiated. The mice were randomized into vehicle control and treatment groups of six animals per each. Chinese medicine monomer was injected intraperitoneally every day. In 23th day, mice were killed once a day, tumor tissue were isolated and weighed and divided into two parts. One part was fixed with formaldehyde for tissue section and immunohistochemistry, the another of tissue was frozen in liquid nitrogen then in - 80 degrees C refrigerator for gene and protein expression analysis.

RESULTIn PANC-1 tumor xenograft experiment, compared with model group, timosaponin A-III (1.0 mg x kg (-1)) exerted significant inhibitory effects on tumor growth. Timosaponin A-III suppressed mRNA expressions of VEGF (P < 0.05), reduced protein expressions of VEGF (P < 0.05), activated Caspase-3 protein. Icarisid II, neferine and salidroside had not an excelled antitumor effect.

CONCLUSIONTimosaponin A-III exerted an excelled antitumor effect. The antitumor mechanisms include anti-angiogenesis, apoptosis promotion.

Animals ; Benzylisoquinolines ; pharmacology ; Caspase 3 ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Phenols ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; RNA, Neoplasm ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Steroids ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays