1.Methods and effects of abdominal and pelvic shielding for pediatric chest CT examinations
Jianhua GU ; Xiuliang LU ; Weihai ZHUO ; Dunhuang FAN
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2014;34(4):298-301
Objective To investigate the methods and effects of abdominal and pelvic shielding for pediatric chest CT examinations.Methods The 705-D phantom made by Computerized Imaging Reference Systems (CIRS) was used to replace a 5-year-old child,thermoluminescent dosimeters were set in the abdomen and pelvis to measure the organ and tissue doses.Chest scans were conducted with the routine protocol for pediatric chest CT examinations.Doses to main organs and tissues in the abdomen and pelvis were measured after chest CT scans without lead apron,with lead apron covering anterior of the abdomen and pelvis and with apron wrapping same part,respectively.Results Absorbed doses to some abdominal organs near the irradiation field were up to several mGy in a procedure of pediatric chest CT examination.There were statistically significant differences among the dose values for three different scans at the same location (x2 =16.00,P < 0.05).Statistically significant difference was also found between the dose values for scans,which were measured with wrapping and covering approaches (Z =-2.52,P < 0.05).Compared to the doses in the condition of no shielding,the doses in testis and colon reduced by 71.2% and 42.3%,respectively,if the abdomen and pelvis was wrapped with a lead apron (0.35 mm Pb),and reduced by 55.9% and 26.1%,respectively,if the same lead apron was used to cover the anterior of the abdomen and pelvis.Conclusions In pediatric chest CT examinations,the use of a lead apron can effectively shield the abdomen and pelvis,and plays an important role in protection of the gonad and colon.The wrapping measure is worth being recommended.
2.Estimation of the indoor external γ-dose rate from decorative stones
Qiang WANG ; Weihai ZHUO ; Yan KONG ; Chao ZHAO ; Dunhuang FAN
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2014;34(5):376-380
Objective To establish an accurate method for estimating the indoor gamma dose rate from decorative stones.Methods Combining a room model with decorating conditions,the gamma dose rates and dose rate conversion factors (DCF) at 1 m above the floor in the room center were calculated with the Monte Carlo simulations,and the calculation results were verified through experiments.Based on the results,the limit of radionuclide contents in stone materials was further discussed.Results The DCF increases with the increase of area or thickness of decorative stones in the same room.The increase of DCF with the thickness of decorative stone is approximately linear.The DCF also increases with the area of decorative stones,but the increasing trend slows down.For the same decorative stones,the smaller the room,the larger the increase of gamma dose rate.Experimental results were consistent with the simulation results within ± 20%.Conclusions The increase of indoor gamma dose rate depends not only on the radionuclide contents,but also on the area and thickness of the decorative stones as well as the room size.The method used in this study can be used to estimate,more accurately than ever,the additional external exposure to residents due to decorative stones,and it provides a theoretical basis for revising the limit standard on radionuclide contents in decorative materials.
3.Clinical Efficacy of Xuanfei Huazhuo Prescription on 40 Cases of COVID-19
Tong-fan SHI ; Gu-cheng ZHOU ; Li-ying ZHANG ; Fan NIU ; Yi-cheng KE ; Ting ZHOU ; Qing-sheng WANG ; Xiao-jie JIN ; Dong-ling LIU ; Ben-jun WEI ; Wei-qiang ZHANG ; Zhi-ming ZHANG ; Yong-qi LIU
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2020;26(16):26-31
Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xuanfei Huazhuo prescription in the treatment of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Method:A total of 40 patients with COVID-19 were selected and treated with Xuanfei Huazhuo prescription. The changes of body temperature, clinical symptoms, computed tomography (CT), blood routine and biochemical indexes were observed before and after treatment. Result:The 40 patients included 15 males and 25 females, with a male to female ratio of 1∶1.7. They were aged between 20-94 years old, with the average age of (43.9±16.3) years old. The course of disease was 8-23 days, with the average of (14±4.4) days. Compared with before administration, the patients' clinical symptoms, such as cough, fever, sputum, diarrhea, loss of appetite and fatigue, were all improved (
4.Research progress on Astragali Radix and prediction of its quality markers (Q-markers).
Yu-Ting DAI ; Xue-Yan ZHANG ; Yi-Xuan WANG ; Yong-Sheng FAN ; Dan YANG ; Yong-Qi LIU ; Ming-Hui XIU ; Jian-Zheng HE
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(7):1754-1764
Astragali Radix, a medicinal herb for invigorating Qi, has anti-aging, anti-tumor, immunoregulatory, blood sugar-and lipid-lowering, anti-fibrosis, anti-radiation and other pharmacological effects. This article reviewed the studies about the chemical components and pharmacological effects of Astragali Radix. According to the theory of quality markers(Q-markers) of Chinese medicinal materials, we predicted the Q-markers of Astragali Radix from traditional efficacy, chemical component validity, measurability, plant phylogeny, and pharmacokinetis. The results showed that total polysaccharides, flavonoids(e.g., calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, formononetin, calycosin, quercetin, and ononin), and saponins(e.g., astragalosides Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ) can be taken as the main Q-markers. This review lays a foundation for regulating the quality research and standard establishment of Astragali Radix, and benefits the control and quality supervision of the production process of Astragali Radix and its related products.
Astragalus Plant
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology*
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Flavonoids
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Plant Roots
5.Effect and mechanism of Jingqi Yukui Capsules on gastric ulcer mucosa healing quality: based on network pharmacology and animal experiment.
Min-Jue FAN ; Yong-Qiang DUAN ; Neng-Lian LI ; Xiao-Yi YANG ; Jun MA ; Zi-Han GONG ; Dao-Kun WANG
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2022;47(5):1350-1358
This study aims to identify the active components and the mechanism of Jingqi Yukui Capsules(JQYK) in the treatment of gastric ulcer based on network pharmacology, and verify some key targets and signaling pathways through animal experiment. To be specific, first, the active components and targets of JQYK were retrieved from a Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine(BATMAN-TCM) and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), and the targets of gastric ulcer from GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM) with the search term "gastric ulcer". The common targets of the two were the potential targets of the prescription for the treatment of the di-sease. Then, protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of key targets were constructed based on STRING and Cytoscape 3.7.2, followed by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment by matescape database and pathway visualization by Omicshare. For the animal experiment, the improved method of Okabe was used to induce gastric ulcer in rats, and the model rats were classified into the model group, JQYK high-dose(JQYK-H), medium-dose(JQYK-M), and low-dose(JQYK-L) groups, Anweiyang Capsules(WYA) group, and Rabeprazole Sodium Enteric Capsules(RBPZ) group. Normal rats were included in the blank group. Rats in the blank group and model group were given distilled water and those in the administration groups received corresponding drugs. Then gastric ulcer healing in rats was observed. The changes of the gastric histomorphology in rats were evaluated based on hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining, and the content of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in rat gastric tissue was detected with Coomassie brilliant blue method. The mRNA and protein levels of some proteins in rat gastric tissue were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) and Western blot(WB) to further validate some key targets and signaling pathways. A total of 206 active components and 535 targets of JQYK, 1 305 targets of gastric ulcer, and 166 common targets of the disease and the drug were yielded. According to PPI analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, multiple key targets, such as interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1(MAPK1), MAPK3, and MAPK14, as well as nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and leukocyte transendothelial migration in the top 20 key signaling pathways were closely related to inflammation. The key protein p38 MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway were selected for further verification by animal experiment. The gastric ulcer in the JQYK-H group recovered nearly to the level in the blank group, with significant decrease in the content of iNOS in rat gastric tissue and significant reduction in the mRNA and phosphorylation levels of p38 MAPK and the mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB p65 in rat gastric tissue. The results indicated that JQYK can inhibit the phosphorylation of the key protein p38 MAPK and the expression of NF-κB p65 in the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby exerting the anti-inflammatory effect and effectively improving the quality of gastric ulcer healing in rats. Thus, the animal experiment result verifies some predictions of network pharmacology.
Animal Experimentation
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Animals
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Capsules
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Gastric Mucosa/metabolism*
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Humans
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Network Pharmacology
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Rats
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Stomach Ulcer/genetics*
6.Comparative Study on the Protective Effects of Different Effective Components of Astragali Radix against Ionizing Radiation-induced BMSCs DNA Damage
Yangyang LI ; Yiming ZHANG ; Kongxi WEI ; Ting ZHOU ; Jinpeng HE ; Nan DING ; Gucheng ZHOU ; Tongfan SHI ; Yicheng KE ; Fan NIU ; Yongqi LIU ; Liying ZHANG
China Pharmacy 2020;31(24):2987-2992
OBJECTIVE:To compare the protective effects of different effective components of Astragali radix against DNA damage of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)induced by ionizing radiation. METHODS :2 Gy X-rays were used to directly irradiate BMSCs to establish a radiation model. CCK- 8 method was used to detect the effects of different mass concentrations(25,50,75,100 μg/mL)of astragalus polysaccharide ,astragalus saponin and astragalus flavonoids for 1 day before radiation + 1 to 5 days after radiation on the proliferation of BMSCs. The dose concentration and the duration of intervention after radiation were selected. The irradiated BMSCs were divided into radiation group ,astragalus polysaccharide group ,astragalus saponin group and astragalus flavonoids group. The last three groups were treated with appropriate dosage of corresponding drugs before and 2 days after radiation ,and a blank groupwas set for comparison. Cytoplasmic division arrest qq.com micronucleus method was used to detect micronucleus cell rate and cell micronucleus rate after appropriate time of was used to detect th e number of 53BP1 foci in cells after appropriare time of intervention following radiation ;the number of 53BP1 foci were compared among different time points (0.5,2,12,24 h). RESULTS :Compared with blank group ,OD values of BMSCs were decreased significantly in radiation group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with radiation group ,the OD values of BMSCs were significantly increased when 50 μ g/mL astragalus polysaccharide,astragalus saponin and astragalus flavonoids continuously intervened radiation for 2-3 days,there was significant difference in other groups at some time point (P<0.05 or P< 0.01). After consideration ,drug concentration was determined to be 50 μg/mL,and the continuous intervention time was 2 days after radiation. Compared with blank group ,the micronucleus cell rate and cell micronucleus rate of radiation group ,astragalus polysaccharide group ,astragalus saponin group and astragalus flavonoids group increased significantly ,and the number of 53BP1 focus cluster in radiation group and astragalus polysaccharide group increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with radiation group and astragalus flavonoids group ,the micronucleus cell rate ,cell micronucleus rate and the number of 53BP1 focus cluster (continued intervention for 0.5,2,12 h)in the astragalus polysaccharide group and astragalus saponin group were significantly reduced,and the micronucleus cell rate and cell micronucleus rate in the astragalus polysaccharide group were significantly lower than astragalus saponin group (P<0.05). 53BP1 focus cluster could not be detected 24 h later (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS : Astragalus polysaccharide and astragalus saponin both have protective effects on BMSCs DNA damage induced by radiation ,and the protective effect of astragalus polysaccharide is better than that of astragalus saponin ;astragalus flavonoids has no protective effect on radiation-induced DNA damage.