Objective To investigate the changes of serum thyroxine level in obstructive sleep apnea-hy-popnea syndrome(OSAHS) patients and to assess the role of serum thyroxine in the development of OSAHS. Meth-ods Polysomnography was used to examine the patients with OSAHS and fasting plasma serum thyroxine level were higher in obese OSAHS patients than in obese controls[ (43.56±3.48)cm vs (38.33±3.08)cm,t =4. 258,P < 0.05 ], in non-obese OSAHS patients than in non-obese control group [ (40.50±1.05 )cm vs (36.17±3.13 )cm, t = 3. 146 ,P < 0.05 ] . The levels of FT3 was (6.35±3.15 ) pmol/L in obese OSAHS patients and ( 4.08±2.37 ) pmol/L in control subjects ( t = 2.203 ,P < 0.05 ). That was ( 3.42±0.57 ) pmol/L in non-obese OSAHS patients related with AHI and microarousal index (r = 0. 500, P < 0.05;r = 0.561, P < 0.05 ), and FT4 was also positively with neck circumference( t = 0.489, P < 0.05 ), TSH level was negatively correlated with neck circumference ( t = - 0.500, P < 0.05 ) and was positively correlated with the percentage of body fat ( r = 0.498, P < 0.05 ). Conclu-sions The FT3 levels are significantly higher in the OSAHS patients than that in control subjects, though all FT3 lev-els are normal, suggesting that there are possibility to have abnormal metabolism. At the same time, FT3 level is posi-tively correlated with neck circumference ,suggesting that the OSAHS patients' higher neck circumference is correla-ted with thyroxine.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotyping and clinical biological behavior of bone marrow (BM) involvement of systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (S-ALCL).Methods 34 S-ALCL including 24 ALK(+) and 10 ALK(-) cases available with the formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks of BM biopsy (n=19) or BM smear sections (n=15) were included in this study.BM samples were sent to both morphologic evaluation using H&E (Hematoxylin & Eosin)-stained sections and immunophenotypic detection by immunohistochemistry (IHC). EBV status was determined by visualization of EBERs in tumor cells using in situ hybridization (ISH). Results BM involvement was seen in 17.6 % (6/34)S-ALCL patients which were confirmed by BM biopsy. No significant difference in the incidence of BM involvement was observed between ALK(+)[16.7 % (4/24)] and ALK(-) [20.0 % (2/10) S-ALCL (P =0.3555).Age and gender were not associated with the presence or the absence of BM involvement by S-ALCL (P= 0.8089and 0.3085), tumor cells of patients with BM involvement were interstitial distribution. S-ALCL patients with BM involvement have a poor prognosis as compared to those without BM involvement (P =0.0407). Conclusion BM involvement was not frequently seen in S-ALCL. The occurrence of BM involvement by S-ALCL was not associated with age, gender or the expression of ALK protein. BM involvement is an adverse prognostic factor in S-ALCL, BM biopsy is useful to predict the prognosis of S-ALCL.

Objective To establish an osteoporosis model in tree shrews by bilateral ovariectomy.Methods One hundred healthy 6-24 month old female tree shrews were used in this study.The diagnosis and treatment of osteoporo-sis in the model tree shrews was assessed according to the Interpretation of the Clinical Practice Guideines for Primary Oste-oporosis 2011 released by the Chinese Medical Association of Osteoporosis and Bone Mineral Salt Disease Branch.① Ac-cording to the human natural life span, sexual maturation time and peak bone mineral density ( PBMD) and the tree shrew natural life span and sexual maturation time, we estimated the PBMD of tree shrew in the age of months.Six 6-, 12-, 18-and 24-month old tree shrews in each group were randomly taken for measurement of BMD, and compared the differences between groups to verify the PBMD age of tree shrews.②We chose 62 6-month old tree shrews from the rest of tree shrews to measure their BMD to determine the mean and standard deviation of BMD.Then we divided them into study group ( n =32) and control group (n =30).Bilateral ovariectomy was performed in the study group, while omentectomy was done in the control group.BMD was measured at 3, 6, 9, 12 months after the surgery, 6 animals from each group.The animals which met the criteria of guideline were taken for pathological examination.Results ①The PBMD of 6-, 12-, 18-, 24-month old tree shrews was 0.138 ±0.012, 0.143 ±0.010, 0.141 ±0.009, and 0.139 ±0.009) g/cm2 , respectively, showing no significant differences among them (P>0.05).②The mean PBMD of the tree shrews was 0.143 ±0.016 g/cm2 .③In the model groups, the number of tree shrews whose BMD met the criteria of guideline was 0, 5, 4, 5, respec-tively.The pathological examination of the proximal tibia from the model group showed sparse and some disrupted trabecu-lae and enlarged inter-trabecular space.In the control group, the tibia tissues showed normal histology of bone structure and no one tree shrew showed a BMD value which met the criteria of diagnosis of osteoporosis.Conclusions An osteopo-rosis model in tree shrews can be established at 6 months after bilateral ovariectomy, showing similar manifestation of osteo-porosis in postmenopausal women.The success rate of this modeling method is high and the model is stable.

OBJECTIVESTo introduce a classification system of upper sacral segment and its significance based on the continuous pelvic axial computed tomography scan.

METHODSThe whole pelvis 2.0 mm thick axial scan images of 127 cases were observed, the sacroiliac screw channel of S1 were measured, according to the size of the transverse screw channel the upper sacral segment were classified. Such as transverse screw channel existed and in at least 4 layer scan images its width was > 7.3 mm, it was defined as sacral segment of the normal type. Such as transverse screw channel existed and its maximum width was 7.3 mm or less on scanning level, it was defined as a transitional. Such as transverse channel did not exist, or its width on all scanning level was 0 mm or less, it was defined as dysplastic. Various cases,percentage, and the average of the transverse screw channel were calculated.

RESULTSThere were 58 normal (45.7%),42 transitional (33.1%), and 27 dysplastic (21.2%) upper sacral segments with an averaged width of the tansverse screw channel of 13.9 mm, 5.2 mm, and 0.9 mm, respectively. Each specimen could be defined as one of the three types of upper sacral segment without exceptions.

CONCLUSIONIt is possible to insert a transverse iliosacral screw into a normal upper sacral segment when indicated because of the capacious transverse screw channel. The transverse iliosacral screw placement into the transitional and dysplastic upper sacral segments was contraindicated because of the limited or none transverse screw channel. The transitional upper sacral segment was superior to the dysplastic segment due to its starting point location restriction on the true lateral sacral view.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Sacrum ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Psoriasis*

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism Baitouweng Decoction on mice with vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)based on phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(AKT)-hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)pathway.METHODS Female SPF-grade Kunming mice were injected subcutaneously with estradiol benzoate and vaginally inoculated with Candida albicans suspension to establish a VVC mouse model.The mice with successful modeling were randomly divided into model group,high-,me-dium-,and low-dose Baitouweng Decoction groups(23.4,11.7,and 5.85 g·kg-1),and fluconazole group(0.02 g·kg-1),with 20 mice in each group.Another 20 mice were injected with estradiol benzoate as control group.Treatment started the day after success-ful model establishment and continued for 14 days.Two hours after the last administration,the number of neutrophils in vaginal lavage fluid was examined with Papanicolaou stain.The HE staining method was used to observe the morphology of vaginal tissue.ELISA was used to measure the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleo-tide phosphate oxidase 2(NOX2),reactive oxygen species(ROS),su-peroxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)in the vaginal tissues.The mRNA expression levels of PI3K,AKT and HIF-1α were detected using qPCR.Western blot was employed to evaluate the protein expression of p-PI3K,PI3K,p-AKT,AKT,and HIF-1α in vaginal tissue.RESULTS Compared to the control group,the model group exhibited a significant increase in neutrophils in va-ginal lavage fluid(P<0.001);the vaginal mucosal layer was severely desquamated and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated.Additionally,there was an elevation in NOX2,ROS,and MDA levels in vaginal tissue(P<0.001),while SOD content decreased(P<0.001).Furthermore,the mRNA expression of PI3K,AKT and HIF-1α was reduced along with decreased protein ex-pression of p-PI3K/PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,and HIF-1α(P<0.001).In comparison to the model group,both high-dose and medi-um-dose groups treated with Baitouweng Decoction demonstrated a significant decrease in neutrophil count in lavage fluid(P<0.01,P<0.001);the condition of the vaginal mucosa improved to varying degrees.Moreover,the levels of ROS and MDA in vaginal tissue were reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01,P<0.001),the activity of NOX2 was decreased(P<0.01,P<0.001),and the activity of SOD was increased(P<0.01,P<0.001).The high-dose group showed that,the mRNA expression of PI3K,AKT,and HIF-1α in vaginal tissue was increased(P<0.001),the ratios of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT,and the protein expression of HIF-1α were increased(P<0.001).CONCLUSION Baitouweng Decoction has a therapeutic effect on VVC,and its mechanism of action may be related to the PI3K/AKT-HIF-1α signal pathway.

OBJECTIVETo study the two metal catalysts Ag/Al2O3 and Cu/Al2O3 that interdict the transmission pathway for SARS and other respiratory infectious diseases.

METHODSTwo metal catalysts Ag/Al2O3 and Cu/Al2O3 were pressed into wafers. One hundred microL 10(6) TCID50/mL SARS-CoV, 100 microL 10(6) PFU/mL recombinant baculovirus expressing hamster's prion protein (haPrP) protein and roughly 10(6) E. coli were slowly dropped onto the surfaces of the catalyst wafers and exposed for 5 and 20 min, respectively. After eluted from the surfaces of wafers, the infectivity of viruses and propagation of bacteria were measured. The expression of PrP protein was determined by Western blot. The morphological changes of bacteria were observed by electronic microscopy.

RESULTSAfter exposure to the catalysts surfaces for 5 and 20 min, the infectivity of SARS-CoV in Vero cells and baculovirus in Sf9 cells dropped down to a very low and undetectable level, and no colony was detected using bacteria culture method. The expression of haPrP protein reduced to 21.8% in the preparation of Sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus exposed for 5 min and was undetectable exposed for 20 min. Bacterial membranes seemed to be cracked and the cytoplasm seemed to be effluent from cell bodies.

CONCLUSIONExposures to the surfaces of Ag/Al2O3 and Cu/Al2O3 destroy the replication and propagation abilities of SARS-CoV, baculovirus and E. coli. Inactivation ability of metal catalysts needs to interact with air, utilizing oxygen molecules in air. Efficiently killing viruses and bacteria on the surfaces of the two metal catalysts has a promising potential for air-disinfection in hospitals, communities, and households.

Aluminum Oxide ; Animals ; Baculoviridae ; pathogenicity ; Catalysis ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Copper ; Cricetinae ; Disinfection ; methods ; Escherichia coli ; pathogenicity ; Prions ; metabolism ; SARS Virus ; pathogenicity ; Silver ; Vero Cells

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathologic features, pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria and the relationship between different classification models and prognosis in Chinese patients with DLBCL, and try to look for the most appropriate classification model to predict clinical prognosis and therapeutic responses for Chinese patients with DLBCL.

METHODS181 cases of Chinese DLBCLs diagnosed according to the WHO 2008 classification were collected. Standard two-step Envision method of immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the expressions of CD20, CD3ε, CD79a, CD10, Mum-1, Bcl-6, GCET-1, FOXP1 and Ki-67. The phenotypic classifications were assessed according to the standard of Hans model and Chan model. Data were analyzed by χ(2) test and Life Table survival analysis with the SPSS14.0 statistical package.

RESULTSThe ratio of male to female in this cohort was 1.26:1. The median age of all patients was 57 yrs with the average age of 53.5 yrs. Of 61 cases (33.7%) primarily showed lymph node involvement. Gastrointestinal tract as the most involved extra-nodal organ was observed in 43 cases (35.8%). All patients with complete clinical follow-up materials survived from 1 - 120 months. The patients showed a high risk for death in the initial one and half years. Three year survival rate was 49.7% (90/181). Three year survival of 44 cases received R-CHOP (Rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, bolus) was 76.9% (20/26), whereas 61.9% (60/97) in 119 cases received CHOP alone, R-CHOP group showed better prognosis (P = 0.017). All cases expressed one or more pan B cell markers, such as CD20 (176/179, 98.3%) and CD79a (62/77, 80.5%). For Hans model, 78 cases were classified as GCB group, while 103 cases as Non-GCB group. The ratio of Non-GCB to GCB was 1.32 without difference on the survival (P > 0.05). For the Chan's algorithm, 68 cases belonged to GCB subgroup, while 113 cases non-GCB subgroup. The ratio of non-GCB to GCB was 1.66. GCB subtype showed much better prognosis than non-GCB subtype according to Life Table survival analysis (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe epidemiology and clinicopathologic features of Chinese DLBCLs were similarly with the western cases. Chan's algorithm was a significant tool to predict the cell origin and clinical biology of Chinese DLBCLs.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Algorithms ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features and prognosis of natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma and to analyze its relationship with Epstein-barr virus(EBV). MethodsTotally, 36 cases of cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma were collected from 2000 to 2010 at the Department of Pathology, Peking University Health Science Center, and classified into primary and secondary groups according to whether there is evidence of extracutaneous involvement within 6 months after diagnosis. Clinicopathological features were analyzed and Epstein-barr virus (EBV) was detected. ResultsOf these 36 cases, 13 (36.1％) were classified as primary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma, 20 (55.6％) as secondary, and 3 (8.3％) remained unclassified because of the lack of clinical data. Males were more likely to develop both primary and secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma than females, but there was no striking difference in sex ratio between the patients with primary and secondary lymphoma (P ＞ 0.05 ). Compared with the patients with primary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma, those with secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma showed a younger median age at onset(43.5 vs. 54 years, P ＜ 0.05), higher prevalence of B symptoms(including fever, night sweat, body weight loss) and multiple skin lesions (P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). EBV was positive in 92.3％ (12/13) of the primary lymphoma cases and 85％(17/20) of the secondary lymphoma cases. Moreover, the median survival was 8 months in all the cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma cases, and was significantly shorter in secondary cases than in the primary cases(6 vs. 18 months, x2 = 6.074, P ＜ 0.05). ConclusionsCutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma is an EBV-associated, clinica]ly aggressive disease entity. Patients with primary cutaneous NI/T cell lymphoma seem to have an older age at onset and a better prognosis as compared with those with secondary cutaneous NK/T cell lymphoma.

BACKGROUNDInterventional therapy is widely accepted as the first choice for the treatment of the Budd-Chiari syndrome, but the use of radical correctional therapy should not be discarded. This study describes radical correction by controlling bleeding from distal end of pathological segment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and discusses potential surgical errors and postoperative complications.

METHODSOf the 216 patients in the study, 78 were treated with simple membranectomy, 64 with dissection of the pathological segment of the IVC and vascular prosthesis or pericardial patch plasty, 60 with resection of the pathological segment of the IVC and orthotopic graft transplantation with vascular prosthesis, and 14 with resection of the occlusive main hepatic vein and its upper IVC, hepatic venous outflow plasty and vascular prosthesis orthotopic graft transplantation from the hepatic venous entrance to the IVC of right atrial ostium.

RESULTSExcept 14 cases who were discharged after hepatic vein outflow plasty, four cases died postoperatively, and 198 patients were discharged without complications. The symptoms of 15 patients were relieved partially and 2 without any change. There were no deaths intraoperatively. Of the 112 cases who were followed up for 72 months, 13 suffered from a relapse.

CONCLUSIONSRadical correction is a beneficial therapy in the treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Budd-Chiari Syndrome ; pathology ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; surgery