Objective To observe the effects of Dengzhanhua Capsule on kidney tissue inflammatory cytokines in chronic renal failure rats;To explore its possible mechanism for the efficacy in chronic renal failure. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, benazepril group and Dengzhanhua group, 15 rats in each group. Chronic renal failure rat model was established by Platt 5/6 nephrectomized. Benazepril (0.29 mg/100 g) was given to rats in the benazepril group by gastrogavage. Dengzhanhua Capsule (0.3 g/100 g) was given to rats in the Dengzhanhua group by gastrogavage. Normal saline was given to rats in the normal group and the model group by gastrogavage. The whole treatment period was twelve weeks. Expressions of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after treatment. Concentrations of kidney tissue inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Results Expressions of TGF-β, PAI-1 and IL-6, TNF-αin benazepril group and Dengzhanhua group were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05). Compared with benazepril group, it was significantly lower in Dengzhanhua group (P<0.05). Conclusion Dengzhanhua Capsule can reduce kidney tissue inflammatory in chronic renal failure rats, and inhibit renal fibrosis.

This study was aimed to establish a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with Evaporative Light-scattering Detector (ELSD) in order to develop the determination of fingerprint of terpene lactones in Ginkgo biloba tablets. An Agilent Extend-C18 (4.6 mm í 250 mm, 5 μm) was employed as the analysis column and the normal propyl alcohol-tetrahydrofuran-water (1:15:84) as mobile phase. The column temperature was 30℃. And the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1. HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (Q-TOF MS) was used to identify the common peaks. The fingerprint was further evaluated by chemometrics methods including principal component analysis (PCA), similarity analysis (SA) and hierarchical clus-tering analysis (HCA). The results showed that the precision, stability and repeatability of this method were favorable. Five common peaks were identified by LC/Q-TOF MS as ginkgolide J ( M ) , C , A , B and bilobalide , respectively . Fourteen batches of Ginkgo biloba tablets were determined. With the aid of PCA, SA and HCA, the common pattern of the fingerprint of terpene lactones was established. Samples were divided into 4 clusters by their quality differ-ence. It was concluded that the method established in this paper can be used for quality evaluation of terpene lac-tones in G ink go b ilob a tablets.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy,safety and impact of recombinant human cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA)-4 fusion proteins (rhCTLA-4Ig) on serum human tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and CX3CL1 in active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.Methods Forty-four RA patients were treated with rhCTLA-4Ig and placebo.Clinical response was assessed by American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28).The levels of serum TNF-α and CX3CL1 were determined in 44 RA patients and 20 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Comparisons between groups were performed by t-test or x2 test.Results At week 12,ACR20,ACR50and ACR70 responses in RA patients with rhCTLA-4Ig were achieved by 95％(20/21 ),76％( 16/21 )and 19％(4/21) respectively,but no patient with placebo achieved ACR20,ACRS0 and ACR70 responses.There were significantly statistical differences in ACR20 and ACR50 responses (x2=39.17,26.69,P＜0.01 ).At week 12,the mean DAS28 in the rhCTLA4Ig group was 3.1±1.3 versus 6.2±1.1 at baseline (P＜0.01).Similarly,health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) improved significantly,declining from 1.4±0.5 at baseline to 0.4±0.5 at week 12 (P＜0.01).However,the mean DAS28 in the placebo group was 5.8±1.2 versus 6.0±0.7 at baseline (P＞0.05),HAQ declined from 1.6±0.4 to 1.6±0.6 (P＞0.05).In addition,there were higher levels of TNF-α and CX3CL1 in the active RA patients than those of the healthy controls (P＜0.01).After 12 weeks therapy,Serum TNF-α and CX3CL1 levels in the rhCTLA-4Ig group decreased significantly (P＜0.01).There weren't decline in the placebo group (P＞0.05).Conclusion This study has shown that rhCTLA-4Ig is very effective in reducing disease activity,improving function during the 12 weeks treatment.rhCTLA-4Ig therapy for 12 weeks can lead to significant decrease of serum TNF-α and CX3CL1.

Objective To investigate the functional and histological changes in aging gerbil bladders.MethodsTwelve male gerbils were randomly divided into control group and aging bladder group,with 6 in each group.Experiment was conducted in gerbils of control group and aging bladder group 6 months and 24 months after normal feeding,respectively.Urodynamic examinations including irrigation volume,compliance and filling pressure of bladder were performed,bladder weight was obtained,bladder weight index was calculated,morphological observation was conducted with HE staining,ratio of amount of smooth muscle to collagen was obtained with double immunohistochemical staining,and electron microscope was used to evaluate the ultrastructure of bladder.ResultsCompared with those in control group,the irrigation volume and compliance of bladder significantly decreased in aging bladder group(P0.05).However,the bladder weight index was significantly lower in aging bladder group(P0.05).There existed degeneration in smooth muscle cells and organelles in aging bladder group.ConclusionThe function of aging bladder in gerbils is impaired,which may be related to the degeneration of bladder tissues.

AIM: To investigate the alterations of tear film after sutureless large incision manual cataract extraction (SLIMCE). METHODS: Sixty-eight SLIMCE operation eyes were studied with slit-limp microscope, break- up time (BUT), SchirmmerⅠtest (SⅠt),and fluorescence(FL) to observe the alterations of tear film at different time points in postoperation. Impression cytology and microphoto-analyses technique were also applied to observe the goblet cells at different time points postoperation(7,14,30,60,90 days). RESULTS: Subjective complaint of dry eye within 90 days after the operations were significantly increased compare with preoperations(5-27,23,19,16,13; 2-16,14,8,6,3). The schirmmer Ⅰ test were greatly increased in 14 days postoperation(10.1±4.5;15.0±4.7,13.8±5.7),the mean scores of fluorescence increased (0-17,9,5;0-8,3,1) and the mean break-up time decreased in 30 days post-operation(10.3±2.2;5.5±2.3,7.0±2.4,7.9±2.2) (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: SLIMCE operation have effect on the stability of tear film.

Objective To explore influences of the fistula's location on the procedure and outcome of a transvaginal vesicovaginal (VVF) repair.Methods The medical data of patients undertaken transvaginal VVF repairs in Peking University First Hospital between Janurary 2009 and Auguest 2016 were retrospectively collected,including age,past history,causes of the fistula,disease course,past treatment,outcomes of the cystoscopy and imaging test and surgical information.The follow-ups were performed.Patients who had incomplete clinical data and lost to follow-up were not included.The present study included 68 VVF subjects with the median age of 46 years (range:24-64 years).The univariate analysis was performed to figure out potential risk factors for the VVF repair outcome.The duration and blood loss of VVF repairs were compared among the subjects with the fistulae located at bladder neck,trigone and supra-trigone region.Results There were 5,23 and 40 cases having VVFs located at bladder neck,trigone and supratrigone region respectively.The overall repair success rate was 88.2％ (60/68).According to results of the univariate analysis,subjects with more past repair times had significantly lower success rates.There were no significant differences in success rates of surgical repairs for VVFs located at bladder neck (80.0％,4/5),trigone (91.3％,21/23) and supra-trigone region (87.5％,35/40).And the location of VVFs had no significant association with the duration and blood loss during the VVF repair.Conclusions The location of VVFs had no influences on the procedure and outcomes of the transvaginal repairs.The VVF repair approach may not be determined based on the fistula's location alone.

Objective To study the indication of pelvic autonomic nerve preservation(PANP)for patients undergoing rectal carcinoma resection and evaluate the operative procedure and post-operative urine function.Methods Materials of 18 cases of middle and lower rectum carcinoma,receiving PANP radical resection from Jan. 2000 to Nov. 2002 were reviewed. The perioperative urodynamic index and postoperative long-term sexual function were analyzed.Result Pelvic autonomic nerve was preserved in all 18 patients and they have normal urine function and satisfactory long-term sexual function.Conclusion Male patients aged younger than 60 yrs., with rectal carcinoma of Ducks A to C are suitable for receiving PANP radical resection for better maintenance of the urinal and sexual function.

The molecular techniques were used to analyse tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in leptin receptor overpression cell lines and SH2-Bβ knockout (SH2-Bβ-/-) mice. The serum level of leptin in SH2-Bβ mice was measured by ELISA. The results showed that SH2-Bβ dramatically enhanced the leptin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3 in vitro. Leptin-stimulated activation of JAK2 and phosphorylation of STAT3 were significantly impaired in hypothalamus of SH2-Bβ-/- mice. The fasting and postprandial serum levels of leptin and body weight were markedly increased in SH2-Bβ-/- mice. Therefore, SH2-Bβ is an endogenous enhancer of leptin sensitivity and regulates body weight via leptin/ JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

OBJECTIVETaxus species are highly valued for the production of taxol. Based on high-throughput sequenceing, EST-SSRs were explored and studied in the transcriptome of Taxus cuspidata.

METHODT cuspidata leaf cDNA was extracted and sequenced by 454 GS FLX Titanium. High-quality sequences were assembled using Newbler Assembler Software, which produced unique sequences. SSRs motif was explored using simple sequence repeat identification tool (Perl Script). Primers were designed using PRIMER3.

RESULTA total of 81 148 high-quality reads from the needles of T. cuspidata were produced using the Roche GS FLX Titanium system. A total of 20 557 unique sequences were obtained. There were 753 simple sequence repeat motifs identified. Primers of PCR were obtained for 519 EST-SSRs, randomly selected cloning sequencing revealed that 87.5% of ESTs were the same as the results of Sanger sequencing.

CONCLUSIONThe results provide the first EST-SSRs collection in Taxus and are essential for future efforts of gene discovery, functional genomics, and genome annotation in related species.

DNA Primers ; genetics ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Gene Expression Profiling ; methods ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; methods ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics ; Taxus ; genetics ; Transcriptome ; genetics

Aim To investigate the effects of high glu-cose on cholesterol metabolism in renal tubular cells and the intervention of the anthocyanins. Methods HK-2 cells were grown in the DMEM medium supple-mented with 10% FBS and were divided into 5 groups:normal glucose group, high glucose group, mannitol group, C3G group and Cy group. Effect of anthocya-nins on cell viability was detected with MTT, and cho-lesterol accumulation was detected with Amplex Red Cholesterol Assay kit and Filipin staining. Expression of ABCA1 was detected with RT-qPCR and Western Blot. Results In compared with control groups, HG significantly promoted cholesterol mass inside the cell and decreased the cholesterol concentration in the me-dium after treatment for 24 h or 48 h. The levels of mRNA and protein of ABCA1 were detected with RT-qPCR and Western blot, and both were decreased in the presence of HG. Whereas treatment with C3G and Cy markedly attenuated HG-induced cholesterol mass inside the cell by up-regulating the expression of AB-CA1. Conclusions High glucose can reduce the ex-pressions of the ABCA1, and then decrease cholesterol efflux and increase the cholesterol accumulation in HK-2 cells. Anthocyanins can decrease cholesterol accu-mulation by up-regulating the expression of ABCA1.