Objective : To explore the mediating effect of sleep quality on mobile phone dependence and loneliness in university students, so as to provide evidence for prevention and intervention of mobile phone dependence. Methods : A survey was conducted from December 2019 and January 2020 among the students of Guangzhou Medical University. The general information questionnaire, mobile phone dependence index scale, UCLA loneliness scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale were used to analyze the mediating effects of sleep quality on mobile phone dependence and loneliness. Results : A total of 575 questionnaires were distributed and 573 valid ones were collected, with an efficiency of 99.65%. The detection rate of 115 students with mobile phone dependence was 20.07%, and that of 203 students with sleep quality problems was 35.43%. The students scored ( 48.03±6.07 ) points in loneliness, and 405 of them had high level. Mobile phone dependence was positively correlated with loneliness and sleep quality ( r=0.299, 0.385, both P<0.05 ); loneliness was positively correlated with sleep quality ( r=0.553, P<0.05 ). Mobile phone dependence and sleep quality both could positively predict loneliness, mobile phone dependence could positively predict sleep quality, and sleep quality and gender had a significant interaction effect on loneliness ( all P<0.05 ). The mediating effect value of sleep quality on mobile phone dependence and loneliness was 0.290 ( 95%CI: 0.186-0.400 ) in males and 0.131 ( 95%CI: 0.084-0.187 ) in females. Conclusion Sleep quality has a mediating effect on mobile phone dependence and loneliness among university students. Male students are susceptible to the negative effects of mobile phone dependence.

This study aimed to simultaneously determine the contents of astilbin and engeletin in dong medicine "sunl gaems" of Guizhou origin by quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS), with astilbin as the internal standard substance. On UPLC and HPLC chromatograms, different models of instruments were used to investigate relative correction factors (RCF), in order to discuss the interoperability of RCFs established in different chromatographic systems. The engeletin content was calculated based on the established RCFs and compared by the one point external standard method and the external standard working curve method, in order to verify the accuracy of QAMS. According to the result, in different chromatograms, the ratios between RCF and retention time of engeletin and astilbin had a good reproducibility, with RSD between 2.0% and 1.8%, both were less than 3%. The relative differences among results of QAMS, the external standard working curve method of dong medicine "sunl gaems" ranged between 1.6% and 3.9%, with RSD between 2.02%-0.80% in line with relevant requirements and Pearson correlation coefficient at 0.9998 (P <0.01). The findings showed that QAMS was an accurate, reliable and highly reproducible method to determine the contents of astilbin and engeletin in dong medicine "sunl gaems" of Guizhou origin and so could be used to control the inherent quality of the herb.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Flavonols ; analysis ; Glycosides ; analysis

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with a worse outcome. However, the risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after intracoronary stent implantation are still unknown. METHODS: A retrospective case control study was done in 325 patients who underwent intracoronary stent implantation from January 2010 to March 2011 at the Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine. Those were excluded from the study if they had incomplete clinical data. The patients were divided into a normal group and a AKI group according to the standard of post-operation day 7 to identify AKI. The parameters of the patients included: 1) pre-operative ones: age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cerebrovascular disease, left ventricular insufficiency, peripheral angiopathy, creatinine, urea nitrogen, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), hyperuricemia, proteinuria, emergency operation, hydration, medications (ACEI/ARBs, statins); 2) intraoperative ones: dose of contrast media, operative time, hypotension; and 3) postoperative one: hypotension. The parameters were analyzed with univariate analysis and multivariate logistical regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 325 patients, 51(15.7％) developed AKI. Hospital day and in-hospital mortality were increased significantly in the AKI-group. Univariate analysis showed that age, pre-operative parameters (left ventricular insufficiency, peripheral angiopathy, creatinine, urea nitrogen, estimated glomerular filtration rate, hyperuricemia, proteinuria, hydration), emergency operation, intraoperative parameters (operative time, hypotension) and postoperative hypotension were significantly different. However, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that increased age (OR=0.253, 95％CI=0.088–0.727), pre-operative proteinuria (OR=5.351, 95％CI=2.128–13.459), pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency (OR=8.704, 95％CI=3.170–23.898), eGFR≤60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (OR=6.677, 95％CI=1.167–38.193), prolonged operative time, intraoperative hypotension (OR=25.245, 95％CI=1.001–1.034) were independent risk factors of AKI. CONCLUSIONS: AKI is a common complication and associated with ominous outcome following intracoronary stent implantation. Increased age, pre-operative proteinuria, pre-operative left ventricular insufficiency, pre-operative low estimated glomerular filtration rate, prolonged operative time, intraoperative hypotension were the significant risk factors of AKI.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Spastic Paraplegia, Hereditary ; genetics ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the effect of high glycolipid on mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (MCMECs),clarify the role of Tom70 (translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 70,Tom70) in it,and explore the related mechanism.Methods MCMECs cultured with normal glucose medium were divided into normal glucose group (NG,5.5mmol/L),high glucose group (HG,25mmol/L) and HG combined with high fat group (HG+HF,glucose concentration 25mmol/L,500μmol/L,16h).Then,the expression of Tom70 in MCMECs was knocked down by siRNA,and the HG+HF group was further divided into vehicle group,Scramble siRNA group and Tom70-siRNA group.To further confirm the specific mechanism of Tom70 in MCMEC injury induced by high glycolipid,Tom70-siRNA group was subgrouped into N-acetylcysteine (NAC)-free group and NAG-containing group.Accordingly,the apoptosis levels were measured by flow cytometer,the generation of nitric oxide (NO) was detected by ELISA kit,the expressions of Tom70 were determined by immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR,and the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by DHE staining and ELISA kit.Results The apoptosis level increased after exposure to HG,and the generation of NO decreased (P＜0.05),while merging HF could aggravate these injuries (P＜0.05).Moreover,HG inhibited the expressions of Tom70 and promoted the production of ROS in MCMECs (P＜0.05).Compared with HG alone,and combination with HF significantly inhibited the expression of Tom70,and significantly increased the production of ROS (P＜0.05).Most importantly,compared with the vehicle group and Scramble siRNA group,the intracellular ROS content and apoptosis rate increased in the Tom70-siRNA group,while generation of NO was significantly decreased (P＜0.01).In contrast,these damage effects mentioned above were partially reversed by the application of antioxidants NAC (P＜0.05).Conclusions High fat can further aggravate the damage on diabetic MCMECs and Tom70 could exert its effect against cardiac microvascular endothelial injury induced by diabetes via inhibiting oxidative stress.

BACKGROUNDRNA interference using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) can mediate sequence-specific inhibition of gene expression in mammalian cells. A vector-based approach for synthesizing shRNA has been developed recently. Overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), the MDR1 gene product, confers multidrug resistance (MDR) to cancer cells. In this study, we reversed MDR using shRNA expression vectors in a multidrug-resistant human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7/AdrR).

METHODSThe two shRNA expression vectors were constructed and introduced into MCF-7/AdrR cells. Expression of MDR1 mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR, and P-gp expression was determined by Western Blot and immunocytochemistry. Apoptosis and sensitization of the breast cancer cells to doxorubicin were quantified by flow cytometry and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays, respectively. Cellular daunorubicin accumulation was assayed by laser confocal scanning microscopy (LCSM). Statistical significance of differences in mean values was evaluated by Student's t tests. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTSIn MCF-7/AdrA cells transfected with MDR1-A and MDR1-B shRNA expression vectors, RT-PCR showed that MDR1 mRNA expression was reduced by 40.9% (P < 0.05), 30.1% (P < 0.01) (transient transfection) and 37.6% (P < 0.05), 28.0% (P < 0.01) (stable transfection), respectively. Western Blot and immunocytochemistry showed that P-gp expression was significantly and specifically inhibited. Resistance against doxorubicin was decreased from 162-fold to 109-fold (P < 0.05), 54-fold (P < 0.01) (transient transfection) and to 108-fold (P < 0.05), 50-fold (P < 0.01) (stable transfection). Furthermore, shRNA vectors significantly enhanced the cellular daunorubicin accumulation. The combination of shRNA vectors and doxorubicin significantly induced apoptosis in MCF-7/AdrR cells.

CONCLUSIONSshRNA expression vectors effectively reduce MDR expression in a sustained fashion and can restore the sensitivity of drug-resistant cancer cells to conventional chemotherapeutic agents.

ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family B, Member 1 ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Daunorubicin ; pharmacokinetics ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Flow Cytometry ; Genes, MDR ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of perilipin-5 (Plin5) on the apoptosis of mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells induced by high fat and high glucose.Methods The mouse cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (MCMECs) cultured with high glucose medium were respectively given 0,100,300 and 500μmol/L palmitic acid for 24 hours.In order to explore the effects and mechanisms of Plin5 on MCMECs injuries induced by high fat and high glucose,MCMECs exposed to 300μmol/L palmitic acid for 24 hours were divided into control group,Scra siRNA group and Plin5 siRNA group.The control group was only treated with transfection reagent,the Scra siRNA group was given treatment of transfection reagent and garbled RNA,the Plin5 siRNA group was given treatment of transfection reagent and Plin5 specific siRNA.In order to further confirm the specific mechanism of Plin5 in high fat/glucose inducing MCMECs injury,MCMECs in Plin5 siRNA group were divided into vehicle group and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) group,and given the same intervention of high fat.The apoptotic rate was detected by flow cytometry,qRT-PCR and Western blotting were respectively used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of Plin5,and the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was tested by DHE staining and ELISA kit.Results The apoptotic rate of MCMECs was increased in a fat concentration-dependent manner (P＜0.05).Compared with 0μmol/L palmitic acid group,the intracellular ROS content and the expression of Plin5 increased significantly in 300μmol/L palmitic acid group (P＜0.05).Compared with the control group and the Scra siRNA group,the intracellular ROS content and apoptotic rate increased significantly in Plin5 siRNA group under the action of 300μmol/L palmitic acid (P＜0.05).Compared with the vehicle group,the intracellular ROS content and apoptotic rate decreased remarkably in NAC group (P＜0.05).Conclusion With inhibition of oxidative stress,Plin5 may reduce the apoptosis of MCMECs induced by high fat and high glucose.

Mycoplasma infection is the most prevalent contamination in cell culture. Analysis of cell culture in laboratories from different countries shows that mycoplasma contamination ranges from 15% to 80% and, in some cases, even reaches 100% (Chernov et al., 2014). Whilst mycoplasma infection is not visible to the naked eye in cell culture, the consequences of mycoplasma contamination have been shown to induce a number of cellular changes, for example, increased resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, any results obtained from tissue culture studies, in the presence of mycoplasma contamination, potentially render the data invalid (Kim et al., 2015; Gedye et al., 2016). As such, mycoplasmas are not harmless bystanders and cannot be ignored in in vitro studies.
Arginine/pharmacology* ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mycoplasma/isolation & purification* ; Plasmids ; Transfection

Objective:To observe and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer in China, and to explore the prognosis-related molecules in pancreatic cancer based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of tumor tissues.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2020, patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer were recruited to accept albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment in the oncology departments of 24 hospitals in East China. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and treatment related adverse events, and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Adverse effects were graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 5.0 (CTCAE 5.0). NGS sequencing on the primary or metastatic tissue samples of pancreatic cancer obtained through surgical resection or biopsy was performed.Results:This study recruited 229 patients, including 70 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and 159 patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). The disease control rate was 79.9% and the objective response rate is 36.3%.The common adverse effects during treatment were anaemia (159 cases), leucopenia (170 cases), neutropenia (169 cases), increased aminotransferases (110 cases), and thrombocytopenia (95 cases), and the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia is 12.2% (28/229). The median follow-up time was 21.2 months (95% CI: 18.5-23.1 months). The median PFS (mPFS) was 5.3 months (95% CI: 4.37-4.07 months) and the median OS (mOS) was 11.2 months (95% CI: 9.5-12.9 months). The mPFS of patients with LAPC was 7.4 months (95% CI: 6.6-11.2 months), and their mOS was 15.5 months (95% CI: 12.6-NA months). The mPFS of patients with mPC was 3.9 months (95% CI: 3.4-5.1 months), and their mOS was 9.3 months (95% CI: 8.0-10.8 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that clinical stage ( HR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.06-2.04), primary tumor site ( HR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.86), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) score ( HR=2.66, 95% CI: 1.53-4.65), and whether to combine radiotherapy ( HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.42-1.00) were independent influencing factors for the PFS of these patients. The primary tumor site ( HR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.48-0.95), ECOG score ( HR=5.82, 95% CI: 3.14-10.82), and whether to combine radiotherapy ( HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.35-0.96) were independent influencing factors of the OS of these patients. The most frequent gene mutations in these advanced stage pancreatic patients were KRAS (89.66%), TP53 (77.01%), CDKN2A (32.18%), and SMAD4 (21.84%) by NGS of tumor tissues from 87 pancreatic cancer patients with sufficient specimens. Further analysis revealed that mutations in CDKN2B, PTEN, FGF6, and RBBP8 genes were significantly associated with an increased risk of death ( P＜0.05). Conclusion:Albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment demonstrated feasible anti-tumor efficacy and manageable safety for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer in China.

Objective:To observe and evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer in China, and to explore the prognosis-related molecules in pancreatic cancer based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) of tumor tissues.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2020, patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer were recruited to accept albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment in the oncology departments of 24 hospitals in East China. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and treatment related adverse events, and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Adverse effects were graded using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events 5.0 (CTCAE 5.0). NGS sequencing on the primary or metastatic tissue samples of pancreatic cancer obtained through surgical resection or biopsy was performed.Results:This study recruited 229 patients, including 70 patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) and 159 patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). The disease control rate was 79.9% and the objective response rate is 36.3%.The common adverse effects during treatment were anaemia (159 cases), leucopenia (170 cases), neutropenia (169 cases), increased aminotransferases (110 cases), and thrombocytopenia (95 cases), and the incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia is 12.2% (28/229). The median follow-up time was 21.2 months (95% CI: 18.5-23.1 months). The median PFS (mPFS) was 5.3 months (95% CI: 4.37-4.07 months) and the median OS (mOS) was 11.2 months (95% CI: 9.5-12.9 months). The mPFS of patients with LAPC was 7.4 months (95% CI: 6.6-11.2 months), and their mOS was 15.5 months (95% CI: 12.6-NA months). The mPFS of patients with mPC was 3.9 months (95% CI: 3.4-5.1 months), and their mOS was 9.3 months (95% CI: 8.0-10.8 months). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that clinical stage ( HR=1.47, 95% CI: 1.06-2.04), primary tumor site ( HR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48-0.86), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) score ( HR=2.66, 95% CI: 1.53-4.65), and whether to combine radiotherapy ( HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.42-1.00) were independent influencing factors for the PFS of these patients. The primary tumor site ( HR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.48-0.95), ECOG score ( HR=5.82, 95% CI: 3.14-10.82), and whether to combine radiotherapy ( HR=0.58, 95% CI: 0.35-0.96) were independent influencing factors of the OS of these patients. The most frequent gene mutations in these advanced stage pancreatic patients were KRAS (89.66%), TP53 (77.01%), CDKN2A (32.18%), and SMAD4 (21.84%) by NGS of tumor tissues from 87 pancreatic cancer patients with sufficient specimens. Further analysis revealed that mutations in CDKN2B, PTEN, FGF6, and RBBP8 genes were significantly associated with an increased risk of death ( P＜0.05). Conclusion:Albumin-bound paclitaxel as first-line treatment demonstrated feasible anti-tumor efficacy and manageable safety for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer in China.