Pancytopaenia is a rare clinical presentation of severe leptospirosis. We would like to report a case of severe leptospirosis that progressed to pancytopaenia despite initial penicillin therapy. The patient needed a second course of antibiotic with doxycycline to improve his persistent symptoms and cytopaenia. Persistent pancytopaenia in severe leptospirosis and its management were reviewed.
Doxycycline/administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Leptospirosis/*complications ; Leptospirosis/drug therapy ; Pancytopenia/drug therapy ; Pancytopenia/*etiology ; Penicillins/administration & dosage

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; Humans

The new drug of Chinese herbal prescription, which is the best carrier for the syndrome differentiation and treatment of Chinese medicine and is the main form of the new drug research and development, plays a very important role in the new drug research and development. Although there are many sources of the prescriptions, whether it can become a new drug, the necessity, rationality and science of the prescriptions are the key to develop the new drug. In this article, aiming at the key issues in prescriptions design, the source, classification, composition design of new drug of Chinese herbal prescriptions are discussed, and provide a useful reference for research and development of new drugs.
Drug Design ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Humans

Drug Compounding ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Materia Medica

Prediction on pharmacodynamic action of categorized formulas is presented with the theory of support vector regression (SVR) in this paper. A prediction model of pharmacodynamic action of categorized formulas based on SVR was set up in order to predict the law of the compatibility of the categorized formulas. Pharmacodynamic action of various categorized formulas could be predicted based on this model. It is very significient to optimize the compatibility of categorized formulas and clinical practice. This model was applied to the research of the law of compatibility in three categorized formulas for tonifying kidney yang which contains shenqi pill, yougui pill and yougui drink. As indicated in the model prediction, pharmacodynamic actions of several compatibilities of the categorized formulas are superior to that of the three original formulas for tonifying kidney yang.
Algorithms ; Drug Synergism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Models, Theoretical ; Support Vector Machine

The management of patients with primary hypothyroidism is straightforward. Recent studies suggest, however, that standard thyroid replacement therapy with thyroxine may not be completely effective in relieving the symptoms of hypothyroidism, and that there may be a role for combined use of thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3) in the replacement therapy. Furthermore, animal studies suggest that the direct contribution by the thyroid to circulating T3 concentrations may be important, and that thyroxine alone may not be adequate treatment for hypothyroidism. In studies on thyroidectomized rats, it was found that the achievement of normal tissue concentrations of T3 required either the thyroxine at high doses which resulted in the suppression of TSH secretion, or the combined thyroxine/T3 treatment, which was able to normalize the serum thyroxine, T3 and the TSH concentrations, and the levels of thyroxine and T3 in most peripheral tissues. If the same is true of humans, there might be a more physiological replacement regimen for hypothyroid patients other than the replacement regiment of using thyroxine alone.
Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hypothyroidism ; drug therapy ; Thyrotropin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Triiodothyronine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Goiter, Nodular ; complications ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; administration & dosage ; Ribavirin ; administration & dosage

Chronic infection with HCV represents second most common cause of end-stage liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea. The introduction of new agents and regimens for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C, such as pegylated forms of interferon-alpha (Peg-IFN) and combination with oral ribavirin has resulted in substantial improvement in sustained virologic response (SVR) rates. SVR rate of Peg-IFN and ribavirin combination therapy can be 40-46% of individuals infected with genotype 1 and approximately 75-85% with genotype 2 and 3. Peg-IFN/ribavirin combination therapy represents current standard therapy of chronic hepatitis C. This article reviews the treatment objectives, outcomes, optimal regimens, efficacy and predictors of response, monitoring during treatment, adverse events, retreatment of persons who failed to respond to previous treatments, and treatment of special patient groups in chronic hepatitis C.
Drug Therapy, Combination ; English Abstract ; Hepatitis C, Chronic/*drug therapy ; Humans ; Interferon Alfa-2a/administration & dosage ; Interferon Alfa-2b/administration & dosage ; Polyethylene Glycols/administration & dosage ; Ribavirin/administration & dosage

Adult ; Benzamides ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; drug therapy ; Male ; Piperazines ; administration & dosage ; Pyrimidines ; administration & dosage ; Sirolimus ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of inhalation of aerosolized perfluorocarbon combined with tetramethylpyrazine on the hemodynamics and histopathology in a porcine model of acute lung injury.

METHODSNormal adult pigs were subjected to saline lavage of the bilateral lungs to induce acute lung injury and randomized subsequently into 3 groups for treatment with inhalation of perfluorocarbon, combined inhalation of perfluorocarbon and tetramethylpyrazine, or inhalation of tetramethylpyrazine. The changes of mean arterial pressure (MAP), PetCO(2), mPAP, CVP and PAWP were recorded at different time points following the lung injury, and the lung tissues were sampled for histological observations.

RESULTSThe MAP, mPAP, CVP and PAWP all increased significantly in the 3 groups after acute lung injury. Interventions with combined tetramethylpyrazine and perfluorocarbon inhalation significantly improved these indices as compared with inhalation of tetramethylpyrazine or perfluorocarbon alone (P<0.05). The pulmonary pathology was the mildest in the combined inhalation group, and the most severe in tetramethylpyrazine group.

CONCLUSIONCombined inhalation of perfluorocarbon and tetramethylpyrazine can effectively improve the oxygenation, reduce pulmonary arterial pressure?and ameliorate lung pathology in pigs with acute lung injury.

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; etiology ; pathology ; Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Fluorocarbons ; administration & dosage ; Hemodynamics ; drug effects ; Lung ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Pyrazines ; administration & dosage ; Swine