Objective To explore the effect of NF-?B activation induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) in rat Kupffer cells(KCs). Methods KCs were divided randomly into three groups. A group was control group. KCs were co-cultured with LPS in B group. KCs were co-cultured with LPS and PDTC in C group. NF-?B activity of KCs was determined with EMSA. Content of I-?B protein in KCs was detected with western blot. Expression levels of TNF-? mRNA, IL-6 mRNA of KCs were measured with RT-PCR. Results LPS induced NF-?B activation of KCs, decreased I-?B content of KCs, and increased expression levels of TNF-? mRNA and IL-6 mRNA markedly. PDTC could diminish the above effects of LPS on KCs. Conclusions NF-?B activation induced by LPS may induce cell injury by promoting expressions of TNF-? mRNA and IL-6 mRNA in KCs. PDTC could decrease mRNA expression of proinflammatory mediators by suppressing excessive NF-?B activation in KCs.

Objective To explore the role of endotoxin during hepatic ischemia reperfusion (HIR) in rats. Methods Wister rats were randomly divided into endotoxin, HIR and HIR plus endotoxin (HIRE) groups. In the HIR group, hepatic reperfusion was performed after 60 minutes of ischemia by interruption of the arterial and portal venous blood supply to the left lobes and middle lobes of the rat liver. In the HIRE group, LPS(1.0mg/kg) was injected via the dorsum vein of rat penis after ischemia and reperfusion. In the endotoxin group, LPS (1.0mg/kg) was injected via the dorsum vein of penis in the rats without ischemia and reperfusion. The NF-?B activities in the liver tissue of the rats were determined with EMSA. TNF-? expression levels in the liver tissue of the were measured with immunohistochemical staining. Serum ALT levels of the rats were also measured. Results NF-?B activity increased after reperfusion and remained high 12h after reperfusion in HIRE group compared with endotoxin group and HIR group. Both TNF-? expression levels and serum ALT levels increased markedly after reperfusion in HIRE group. Conclusion Endotoxin during HIR could induce hepatic injury. Endotoxin induced liver injury possibly by activating NF-?B followed by the subsequent expression of proinflammatory mediators in the liver tissue.

AIM:To observe the influence of high expression of miR-15a-5p on the proliferation and migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.METHODS: The miR-15a-5p oligonucleotide , which was recon-structed with additional restriction sites of EcoRⅠand HindⅢ, was chemically synthesized and confirmed by sequencing . The miR-15a-5p eukaryotic expression system was constructed by pcDNA 6.2-GW/Em-GFP-pre-miR-15a-5p plasmid.The miR-15a-5p was transfected into the SMMC-7721 cells transiently by plasmid , and quantified by quantitative real-time PCR at the mRNA level.The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay, and the living cell counting was performed by the method of Trypan blue exclusion .The migration ability of the SMMC-7721 cells with high expression of miR-15a-5p was de-tected by wound healing test .RESULTS: The sequence of miR-15a-5p oligonucleotide 100% matched the designed se-quence.Compared with control group , the miR-15a-5p expression was increased significantly (P<0.05).The viability, the living cell number and the migration ability of the SMMC-7721 cells were decreased in high expression of miR-15a-5p group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The abilities of proliferation and migration in human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells are decreased by high expression of miR-15a-5p.

Because of the rapid action and high bioavailability, traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) had been widely used in clinical critical field. In recent years, with the increasing reports of clinical adverse reaction, more and more attention was paid to them, and acute allergic reaction was the main adverse reaction. Acute allergic reaction included type-I anaphylaxis reaction and anaphylactoid reaction, the latter had been found in a variety of TCMIs and accounted for 77% of adverse reaction. But the mechanism of anaphylactoid reaction was not completely understood, the standard animal model for TCMIs was not established, and the technical guidance for anaphylactoid reaction was not formulated. Thus the three aspects included mechanism, evaluation index and evaluation methods of TCMIs for anaphylactoid were reviewed. Five ways including direct stimulating pathway, complement pathway, coagulation pathway, kallikrein-kinin pathway and acute allergic pathway were the main mechanism of anaphylactoid reaction; whole animal model and cell model were the main evaluation methods; the occurrence index and effect index were reviewed for the evaluation index analysis.
Anaphylaxis ; chemically induced ; Animals ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Humans ; Injections ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; adverse effects

The anti-mutation effect of flesh of clam Merectix meretrix Linnaeus was studied . The increase in the rate of micronuclei of mice bone -marrow polychromatic erythrocytes induced by Cy (25 mg/kg X 2d, ip) or Ur (0. 5 g/kg X 4d , ip) was inhibited by decoctio of flesh of Meretrix merelrix Linnaeus (20g/kgX7d, ig).

Objective To develop a mobile application and to investigate the feasibility to support exercising in patients with chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease (COPD) in home. Methods TheCOPDmobile application include 6 function modules including exercising, exercising reminder, ranking, the basic knowledge of disease, exercising statistics and questionnaire collecting. 15 eligible patients with COPD were recruited in the outpatient departments of a tertiary hospital in Beijing by convenience sampling method from August to Decem-ber, 2015. They received Redmi 2a phones and were taught to use COPD application pre-installed in phones. They were asked to useCOPDapplication to support exercising at home for 1 month. Study outcomes included user satisfactions and exercising data. Results 14 (93.3%) patients thoughtCOPDapplications were helpful for exercising, 12 (80%) patients were satisfied withCOPDapplication. Some patients reported difficulty in manipulating smartphones and mobile applications. Some suggestions were put forward, such as, the stability and speed of data transmission should be improved and the sound of metronome should be increased. They exercised (44.6±8.4) minutes ev-ery day for (4.9±1.1) days per week in the latest 1 month. Conclusion Patients with COPD were highly satisfied withCOPDapplication.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy differences between dog-days medicinal vesiculation and regular-day medicinal vesiculation for perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and observe their effects on serum immune globulin E (IgE) and interleukin-4 (IL-4).

METHODSSeventy-two patients were randomly divided into a dog-days moxibustion group (34 cases) and a regular-day moxibustion group (38 cases). In the dog-days moxibustion group, medicinal vesiculation was applied on the 1st dog-day, 2nd dog-day and last dog-day in summer by lunar calendar, 3 treatments per dog-day for totally 9 times. In the regular-day moxibustion group, the moxibustion was given on the regular day for continuous 9 times. The symptom score, rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) and the level of IgE and IL-4 were compared before and after treatment in two groups; the short-term and two-year efficacy evaluation were performed too.

RESULTSThe short-term total effective rate was 88.2% (30/34) in the dog-days moxibustion group, which was not significantly different to 86.8% (33/38) in the regular-day moxibustion group (P>0.05). The long-term total effective rate was 97.1% (33/34) in the dog-days moxibustion group, which was significantly superior to 81.6% (31/38) in the regular-day moxibustion group (P<0.05). After treatment, the serum IgE, IL-4 and RQLQ were significantly reduced (all P<0.01), but the difference between two groups was not significant (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMedicinal moxibustion could be taken as a regular treatment for PAR, which could be performed during the whole year, and dog-days moxibustion could be considered as an enhanced method for prevention and treatment of PAR.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To screen and identify International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health (ICF) core sets for spasticity and make a dedicated and comprehensive assessment tool for spasticity after stroke.MethodsFifty patients with spasticity after stroke were involved in this study.Information about them was collected by clinical investigation and self-completed questionnaires.The ICF scale was used to assess the severity of each item.Each item's frequency was calculated and those items with frequencies ≥ 30％ were selected as the first ICF core set for spasticity.The ICF check list was designed as a questionnaire and 8 doctors and 5 therapists were consulted.Items with frequency ≥50％ were chosen as the second level ICF core set for spasticity.The two results (termed ICF core sets Ⅰ and Ⅱ) were integrated with the initial ICF core sets for spasticity and sent to 42 experts in the area of neurological rehabilitation.Items with a frequency ≥80％ were chosen as the final ICF core set for spasticity.ResultsA total of 32 ICF items were included in the ICF core set for spasticity after stroke.There were 10body function items,4 body structure items,13 activity and participation items and 5 environmental items involved.ConclusionThe ICF core set for spasticity was identified in this study.The selected items covered content broader than other common spasm assessment scales.The result is a comprehensive description of spasticity.

AIM: To investigate the role of Smad7 in the Smad2 expression induced by transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1) in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells(PMCs).METHODS: Rat PMCs were cultured at different doses of TGF-?_1 (0,1.25,2.5,10 ?g/L) for different time(0,5,15,30,60,120 min).PCDNA3-Smad7 was then transfected into cultured rat PMCs by lipofectamine,and the cells were stimulated like the above.Endogenous Smad2 and Smad7 expression was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS: TGF-?_1 induced increase in Smad2 mRNA and protein expression at 5 min,peaked at 30 min,and declined to baseline levels at 120 min, which was in a time-dependent manner.TGF-?_1 also induced Smad7 mRNA expression at 5 min,and then declined,down to the lowest at 30 min,but at 60 min it increased again.Smad2,Smad7 mRNA and protein expression induced by TGF-?_1 were also dose-dependent.After transfection,overexpressions of Smad7 mRNA and protein in rat PMCs were observed,which did not decline with time.The expression of Smad2 mRNA significantly decreased by 33%,56%,67%,71%,63% and 57%(P

Objective To test the reliability and validity of the brief International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core sets for Chinese stroke patients using Rasch model analysis. Methods The body functions of 38 Chinese stroke patients were measured using the brief ICF core sets. The qualifiers of the 20items were measured by two raters and analyzed using FACETS statistical software. The intra-rater reliability and validity were tested by using the separation index and separation reliability and fit analysis. Results The brief ICF core sets had good internal consistency and reliability (person separation index = 6.02, person separation reliability = 0.94 ) with these Chinese patients. The raters showed significantly different strictness in rating, but their ratings had good internal self-consistency. The construct validity was good for the body functions of the ICF component ( separation index = 10.50, separation reliability = 0.80) , but misfitting and overfitting were found in items b117, b152and b755. Conclusion The body function of the brief ICF core sets has good reliability and validity for Chinese stroke patients. A many-facet Rasch measurement model can provide comprehensive information and has good application prospects for testing the reliability and validity of ICF core sets.