10.3969/j.issn.1000-8179.2013.12.016

Objective:To determine the effect of Hes1 on bone marrow CD34+cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Meth-ods:Bone marrow mononuclear cells were isolated by using Ficoll. Then, the proportion and cell cycle of CD34+cells were analyzed by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). CD34+cells were cultured in vitro for colony-forming cells (CFC). The expression of Hes1 in CD34+cells was evaluated by using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After upregulating the expression of Hes1 in CD34+cells, the cell cycle was analyzed through FACS, and the colony formation of CD34+Hes1+cells was analyzed by CFC. Results:The ra-tio of CD34+cells in the bone marrow was lower in the AML group than in the control group. In addition, more CD34+cells underwent quiescence in the AML group than in the control group. In vitro assay showed that the colony formation of CD34+cells was lower in the AML group than in the control group. The expression of Hes1 was higher in the CD34+cells from the AML patients than that in the CD34+ cells from normal donors. After Hes1 transduction, more CD34+ cells underwent quiescence and showed weak proliferation. Conclusion:The proportion of CD34+cells in the bone marrow was lower in AML patients than in normal donors. A large proportion of CD34+cells underwent quiescence, which was related to Hes1, in AML patients.

Objective To determine the value of spectral karyotyping(SKY)in identification of the marker chromosome.Methods Selected six cases that could not be identified in clinic were studied,using samples of peripheral blood from four cases,and samples of amonic fluid and fetal cord blood for prenatal diagnosis in two cases were investigated.All cases were analyzed with the routine SKY method.and the results with the SKY View software.The SKY results were identified by using fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH).And C-banding technique was used to help diagnose the heterochromatin.Results SKY wag successfully performed on all of 6 cases.The origin of all marker chromosomes was identified by SKY.Except case No.4,the others were confirmed by FISH.It helped determine the pregnancy outcome in two cases of prenatal diagnosis:one case of genetic marker chromosome continued the pregnancy,and another case of de novo marker chromosome was terminated of the pregnancy.Conclusion SKY may be a vahable tool to diagnose the marker chromosome with rapidness,direct-viewing and sensitiveness.It can be used to assess the prognosis and the pregnancy outcome.

Objective To evaluate the effects of individual extralevator abdominalperineal excision (ELAPE) for rectal neoplasms below levator hiatus on pelvic floor by finite element analysis. Methods MIMICS 10.01, GeoMagic Studio 12 and ANSYS Workbench 14.0 were used to deal with magnetic resonance data of 27 healthy nulliparous volunteers'pelvic, and then three types of finite element models were developed:intact models, ELAPE models and individual ELAPE models. The maximum stress in non levator ani tissue under the same load were measured in three types of models, and levator ani 's maximal stresses were measured in intact model and individual ELAPE and their stress distributions under the same pressure were analyzed and compared. Results The maximal stresses of non-levator ani tissue were (1.963±0.061) MPa, (5.127±0.070) MPa and (4.703±0.110) MPa for intact model, ELAPE model and individual ELAPE model respectively. The maximal stress was lower in individual ELAPE model than that in ELAPE model, but which was higher than that of intact model (P<0.01). The high-stress zone was found at the joints with surrounding structures on both sides of intact model and ELAPE model. The high-stress zone was found in front of the joints with surrounding structures on both sides in individual ELAPE model. The maximal stresses of three types of models were found in front of both sides. In intact model levator ani 's maximal stress was (0.812 ± 0.042) MPa, which was higher than that of individual ELAPE model (0.719 ± 0.027) MPa (P<0.01). The high-stress zone of intact model was found in front of the joints on both sides. The maximal stress was showed at ventral ends on both sides. For the individual ELAPE model the high-stress zone was found at the anterior part of the levator ani muscle and the surrounding structure. The maximum stress appeared at the top end of the left and right sides. Conclusion This individual ELAPE is able to decrease the stress of non-levator ani tissue, which suggests that the risk of postoperative pelvic floor hernia is relatively reduced.

Objective To investigate the relationship between spontaneous miscarriage and embryonic chromosome abnormalities,and to evaluate the clinical application of karyotype analysis by chorionic villus cell culture. Methods The chorionic villus karyotype of 1983 cases of miscarriage from January 2010 to July 2016 in Guangzhou Women and Children′ s Mecical Center were analyzed retrospectively. The miscarried chorionic villi were obtained by curettage under sterilized condition. The chromosome specimens were prepared after chorionic villus cell culture. Karyotype analysis was performed by G-banding technique. Results In the 1983 samples, successful karyotype analysis was performed in 1770 cases, with the successful rate of 89.98%. Chromosomal abnormalities were found in 1038 cases (58.64%,1038/1770). Chromosomal structural abnormalities were found in 37 cases. The numeral abnormalities were more common than structural abnormalities, and most of the numeral abnormalities were aneupoidies. In turn, they were trisomy 16, 45,X, trisomy 22, trisomy 2, trisomy 21, trisomy 15. The most common structural abnormality was balanced translocation, including Robersonian translocation. Female embryoes accounted for 61.02%(1080/1770) miscarriages and for 57.4%(596/1770) of chromosomal abnormalities, while male embroyes acoounted for 61.02%(1080/1770),57.4%(596/1770)respectively. The proportion of female embryoes was higher than male embryoes. The median age of the patients was 30 years old(16-46 years old). As the maternal age increased, the proportion chromosomal abnormalities increased. The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in the advanced age group (≥35 years) was 68.38%(240/351), which was significantly higher than that in the younger group (56.24% ,798/1419; χ2=17.10, P<0.01). Conclusions Embryonic chromosomal abnormalities are the most common cause of early spontaneous miscarriage. The abnormalities centralize in some karyotypes. There is certain relationship between maternal age and the incidence of miscarriage, as well as the embryonic gender. Chorionic villus cell culture and karyotype analysis are helpful in finding the cause of miscarriage and counsel the patients.

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Dried herb of Delphinium brunonianum Royle (Ranunculaceae) has long been used under the herbal name "Xiaguobei" (Delphinii Brunoniani Herba) in traditional Tibetan medicine and prescribed for the treatment of influenza, itchy skin rash and snake bites. In order to find a useful and convenient method for the identification of microscopic features, the technique of fluorescence microscopy was applied to authenticate "Xiaguobei" of Tibet. The transverse sections of stem and leaf, as well as the powder of "Xiaguobei" were observed to seek for typical microscopic features by normal light and fluorescence microscopy. A style-like, single-cell glandular hair containing yellow secretions on the leaf, young stem and sepal of "Xiaguobei" was found. Under the fluorescence microscope, the xylem and pericycle fiber group emitted significant fluorescence. This work indicated that fluorescence microscopy could be an useful additional method for the authentication work. Without the traditional dyeing methods, the main microscopic features could be easily found by fluorescence microscopy. The results provided reliable references for the authentication of "Xiaguobei".
Biometric Identification ; Delphinium ; anatomy & histology ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Plant Leaves ; anatomy & histology ; Plant Stems ; anatomy & histology ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; Powders ; Tibet

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the method of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) in identifying unbalanced chromosome aberrations.

METHODSFour cases that could not be diagnosed by conventional cytogenetic technique were selected to undergo array-CGH analysis. DNA samples were extracted and hybridized with the Affymetrix SNP 6.0 arrays using Human Mapping SNP6.0 assay kit following the manufacturer's standard protocol. The data were analyzed by two professional software packages, GCOS and Genotyping Console.

RESULTSBy using array-CGH technique, all the four cases were diagnosed precisely through identifying two duplications and two complex derivative chromosomes.

CONCLUSIONArray-CGH is an effective method for whole-genome identification of unbalanced chromosomal aberrations with high sensitivity and specificity. It has a great value to investigate the correlations between genotype and phenotype in clinical service, especially in prenatal diagnosis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Cells ; cytology ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; methods ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Young Adult

Objective:To evaluate the effects of individual extralevator abdominoperineal excision (ELAPE) of rectal neoplasms in the low posterior wall on the pelvic floor by finite element analysis. Methods:MIMICS 10.01, Geo Magic Studio 12, and ANSYS Workbench 14.0 were used to analyze the magnetic resonance data obtained from the pelvic region of 27 healthy nulliparous volunteers. Three types of finite element models (intact model, ELAPE model, and individual ELAPE model) were developed. The maximal stress on non levator ani tissues were analyzed using the three models, while the maximal stress on levator ani tissues were analyzed using the in-tact model and the individual ELAPE model. Their stress distributions under the same pressure were analyzed and compared. Results:The maximal stress on non levator ani tissues obtained using the intact model, ELAPE model, and individual ELAPE model were (1.963± 0.061), (5.127 ± 0.070), and (3.667 ± 0.126) MPa, respectively, with P<0.01. High-stress zones were obtained at the joints with pelvic walls on both sides using the three models, while the maximal stresses were obtained at the joints with pubis on both sides. The maxi-mal stress on levator ani tissues obtained using the intact model and individual ELAPE model were (0.812 ± 0.042) MPa and (1.437 ± 0.043) MPa, respectively. Thus, the individual ELAPE model yielded higher values of maximal stress compared to the intact model. Both models generated high-stress zones at the joints with tendinous arch of levator ani tissues on both sides, and maximum stresses at the joints with pubis on both sides. Conclusion:Individual ELAPE decreases the stress on non levator ani tissues. This suggests that the risk of postoperative pelvic floor hernia is relatively reduced.

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the impact of Hes1 on the proliferation and apoptosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.

METHODSThe expression levels of Hes1 and p21 in AML patient samples and myeloid leukemia cell lines were analyzed by real-time PCR. Hes1 was up-regulated by retrovirus transfection in AML cell lines and the proliferation capacity were assayed by MTT, cell cycle by Hoechst/PY, apoptosis by AnnexinV.

RESULTSThe expression of Hes1 in primary AML cells and HL-60, U937, KG1a cell lines were 0.67 ± 0.24, 0.59 ± 0.43, 0.42 ± 0.03, and 0.32 ± 0.26, respectively, and p21 were 0.54 ± 0.01, 0.44 ± 0.12, 0.36 ± 0.12, and 0.59 ± 0.43, respectively. Hes1 expression levels after transduction in HL-60, U937, KG1a were 4.9 ± 0.2, 5.2 ± 0.4, 5.8 ± 0.5, respectively. Induced activation of Hes1 led to AML cells growth arrest and apoptosis, which was associated with an enhanced p21 expression. Besides, activated Hes1 led to AML cells growth inhibition in vivo.

CONCLUSIONHes1 could mediate growth arrest and apoptosis in AML cells, which may be a novel target for AML.

Apoptosis ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Homeodomain Proteins ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; Transcription Factor HES-1 ; Up-Regulation