Objective To investigate the effect of Tongxinluo on VSMC apoptosis and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in rabbits after angioplasty. Methods Atherosclerotic and PTCA models were set up in 60 rabbits which were randomly divided into 3 groups, the control group the hypertipidemia group and the Tongxinluo group. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL method and protein expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax were detected by S-P immunohistory chemistry staining. Results Apoptosis of VSMC in the hyperlipidemia group was less than that in the control group, but the level of apoptosis in the Tongxinluo group was even higher compared with the hyperlipidemia group. The level of Bcl-2 expression was found higher in the hyperlipodemia group than in the control group. The expression was mainly seen in endothelium and tunica media of the arteries. The expression of Bcl-2 in the Tongxinluo group is the least among the 3 groups studied. Bax expression, which can mainly be seen in the endothelia, is higher in the Tongxinluo group than that in the hyperlipidemia group. Conclusion Tongxinluo may enhance the apoptosis of VSMC, downregulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and upregulating the expression of Bax protein.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of long-pulsed Nd:YAG 1064 laser on hyperplastic scars by using a rabbit ear model.Methods Five female and five male New Zealand long-ear white rabbits weighting 2.0-2.5 kg were used in this experiment.Four square full-thickness skin wounds sized 1.5 cm x1.5 cm were created on the ventral surface of each ear to develop a model of hyperplastic scar.Finally,a total of 74 hyperplastic scars developed on the 80 wounds,and the scars on the left and right ears served as the control (unirradiated) and treatment (irradiated with long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser) group,respectively.After 30 days of irradiation,the color and texture of scars were observed and the scar thickness was measured by color Doppler ultrasonogTaphy.Then,the scars were harvested followed by the analysis of density of fibroblasts and microvessels as well as the changes in collagen fibers in scars by HE staining,CD31 staining and Masson staining,respectively.Results A decrease was observed in the color,hardness and thickness of scars in the irradiated ears compared with the unirradiated ears.The average thickness of scars,microvessel density and fibroblast density in scars were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group(2.137vs.3.089 am,t=5.72,P<0.01;38.333/mm2vs.68.056/mm2,t=4.93,P<0.01;166.940/mm2vs.355.000/mm2,t=13.36.P<0.01).Masson staining revealed a disorganized arrangement of collagen fibers in the control group but a sparse and regular alignment in the treatment group.Conclusion Long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser may promote the shrinkage and suppress the hyperplasia of scars.

China ; Economics, Medical ; Health Services Administration ; Universities

Objective:To further understand the advantage of radiofrequency treatment of hemangioma ofnasal cavity under nasal endoscopy. Method:Fifteen cases with hemangioma of nasal cavity were treated withradiofrequency under nasal endoscopy. Result:The hemangioma of fifteen cases could be removed completely. Thecomplication was absent. None of them recured in six months to four years following up. Conclusion:This methodhas many advantages such as clear operation visual field,less hemorrhage and postoperative pain,no facial scar.The radiofrequency under endoscopy is valuable in treatment for hemangioma of nasal cavity.

Objective To investigate the neuroprotective potentials of recombinant human erythropoietin ( rhEPO) in premature rats with white matter damage. Methods Pregnant rats ( gestational age 15 days) were injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (300 μg/kg) intraperitoneally to make cerebral white matter lesions. Another 10 cases of pregnant rats were injected saline (1 mL/kg) intraperitoneally as controls. All preterm rats were born by caesarean sec-tion on embryonic day 21. According to the different processing method,the preterm rats were randomly divided into LPS+rhEPO group (18 cases),LPS+ normal saline (NS) group (18 cases),NS+rhEPO group (18 cases) and NS+NS group (18 cases) ,and they were injected rhEPO (5 000 IU/kg) or 9 g/L saline 1 mL/kg intraperitoneally imme-diately after birth,respectively. The cerebral white matter injury was evaluated with HE staining,and levels of CD68 ,gli-al fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP),myelin basic protein (MBP) were detected by immunofluorescence method 3 and 7 days after birth. Assessment of nerve behavior was done 2 weeks after birth. Results HE staining showed that the white matter lesions were less in LPS+rhEPO group than those in LPS+NS group 3 and 7 days after birth,while NS+rhEPO group and NS+NS group had no cerebral white matter lesions. The expressions of CD68 in LPS+rhEPO group,NS+rhEPO group,NS+NS group significantly decreased compared with LPS+NS group (F=7. 456,P<0. 01) 3 days after birth. The expressions of GFAP in LPS+rhEPO group,NS+rhEPO group,NS+NS group were lower than those in LPS+NS group (F=5. 121,P< 0. 01) 7 days after birth. Meanwhile,the expressions of MBP were not statistically different from the other groups 3 and 7 days after birth (F=2. 628,1. 425,all P>0. 05). No significant differences were found between LPS+rhEPO group and the other groups in evaluation of long-term neural development(all P>0. 05). The val-ues of F by the open field test,suspension test,slope hill test,and resistance to capture test were 2. 09,0. 53,0. 11,0. 37, respectively. Conclusions A single large dose (5 000 IU/kg) rhEPO has neuroprotective effect on the cerebral white matter lesions in the premature rats by inhibiting microglia and astrocyte activation in a short time. The long-term effort remains unknown.

Objective To explore the effect of nicotine on rats callus content and maturity in the process of fracture healing.Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group,mild nicotine group and severe nicotine group (n =20/each group).The 3-mm bone defects fracture models were made in the junction of the lower 1/3 of the rat left radial.Five rats of each group were sacrificed randomly in the 3,7,14,21 days after surgery,respectively.The left radial were collected as the observed object.The callus thickness and maturity of the specimens were detected by HE staining.Results At the 3rd days after modeling,the difference in specimens callus thickness between each treatment group and the model group was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05),no difference in the maturity of the callus under the microscope; callus thickness in mild and severe nicotine groups and model group was (1.59 ± 0.09) mm,(1.43 ± 0.12) mm,(1.39 ± 0.09) mm at the 7th day after modeling,(1.98 ± 0.12) mm,(1.78 ± 0.08)mm and (1.68 ± 0.09) mm at the 14th day after modeling,and (2.39 ± 0.09) mm,(1.93 ± 0.11) mm,(1.89 ± 0.09) mm at the 21 st day after modeling; The difference of callus thickness in specimens between each treatment group and the model group had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜0.01),callus thickness and maturity of the treatment group were lower than that in the model group.Conclusions Nicotine affects the proliferation and differentiation of callus,reduces callus formation,inhibits maturity transformation of bone,and delays the healing process of fracture.

Objective To summarize the clinical experience and significance of 101 cases of thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR).Methods From October 2008 to August 2013,101 patients received endovascular repair.Among the cases,81 patients were male,and 20 were female.Before operation,all patients underwent thoracoabdominal aortic CTA examination,there were 5 cases of traumatic aortic diseases,10 cases of severe aortic penetrating ulcer,86 cases of Stanford type B aortic dissection.All patients follow up with CTA 1 weeks,3 months,half a year,and annually postoperatively.Postoperative complications,efficacy,morphology and its vascular stent were observed.Results All cases received TEVAR,there were 90 cases of simple repair of aortic lumen (89.11％),11 cases of brachiocephalic vessels bypass (10.89％),2 cases of death (1.98％),1 case of type Ⅰ endoleak(0.99％),3 cases of the application of lumbar cistern drainage(2.97％),1 case of severe stress ulcer(0.99％),1 patient died after surgery with paraplegia,acute renal failure,stroke,lower limb artery embolization,dissection rupture.Conclusion Thoracic endovascular aortic repair has obvious advantage,risks and complications incidence of preoperative period is low,the technology is worth popularizing widely,but needed to pay attention to strictly control the indications of operation and ensure the brain blood supply.

Objective To discuss the criteria for the evaluation of rational antibiotic drug use in medical cases ( paper edition) of the antimicrobial agent clinical application monitoring network administered by The Ministry of Health. Methods Based on the relevant provisions from The guiding principles for clinical applications of antibacterial drugs and“The notice by the General Office of the Ministry of Health on related questions of clinical application management of antibacterial drugs” ( the General Office of the Ministry of Health [2009] NO. 38), combined with the actual situations of antibacterial drugs in clinical use, relevant laws, regulations, and guidances, the evaluation items in the feedback form were studied. Results The study, to a certain extent, contributed to the understanding of evaluation criteria on antimicrobial agent use in clinical application monitoring network of The Ministry of Health for monitoring net members by investigating related questions regarding the evaluation criteria, and will make the evaluation results more consistent. Conclusion The discussion of the evaluation criteria can reduce the deviation of the evaluation results and make the evaluation process more standardized.

Objective To identify high?risk factors of white matter damage ( WMD ) in premature infants,in order to reduce the incidence and improve the prognosis of brain injury?Methods Five hundred and seventy?seven cases of preterm infants treated from January 2012 to December 2013 in the Pediatrics Department of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were slecteted?According to MRI of the brain at 2 weeks after birth, all the patients were divided into WMD group(133 cases) and the control group(444 cases)?Single?factor and multifactor logistic regression were used for the analyses of the high?risk factors of WMD?Results WMD incidence was 23?05%( 133/577) in 577 cases of premature infants,with 108 cases( 81?2%) of focal injury,5 cases(3?8%) of diffuse injury and 20 cases(15?0%) of periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) injury?There was significant statistically difference in different gestational age( P=0?017)?Multi factor Logistic regression analysis showed that metabolic acidosis(OR=4?489,P=0?000),asphyxia(OR=3?519,P=0?000),perinatal infection ( OR=2?650,P=0?003) were independent risk factors for WMD,while cesarean( OR=0?293,P=0?000) was protective factor for WMD?Conclusion WMD is a complex interaction outcome of multiple risk factors in premature infant?Perinatal hypoxia and infection are the main risk factors of WMD in premature infants.

AIM: To investigate the anti-HIV-1 activity of five anthraquinone derivatives (emodin,rhein,chrysophanol,physcion and aloe-emodin) in vitro.METHODS: Viral replication was estimated by observation of cytopathogenesis and measurement of HIV-1 p24 antigen production in HIV-1ⅢB acutely infected C8166 cells. The anti-HIV-1 activity was evaluated by the 50% effective concentrations (EC50) and selective indexes (SI) of these derivatives.RESULTS: These anthraquinone derivatives inhibited HIV-1ⅢB replication on syncytia formation induced by HIV-1ⅢB infection with EC50 mean values of (11.44±0.93)μmol/L (emodin),(51.28±2.86)μmol/L (rhein),(90.58±2.30)μmol/L (chrysophanol),(8.59±0.38)μmol/L (physcion) and (0.89±0.08)μmol/L (aloe-emodin),respectively. The p24 antigen production with EC50 mean values were (11.61±0.56)μmol/L (emodin),(12.35±4.73)μmol/L (rhein),(39.63±2.87)μmol/L (chrysophanol),>250 μmol/L (physcion) and (2.75±0.20)μmol/L (aloe-emodin) respectively. CONCLUSION: These structurally-related chemicals show different anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro. Among them,aloe-emodin is the most potent inhibitor to HIV-1 replication.