Objective To investigate the influence of group psychotherapy on clinical effect of apoplectic hemiplegia. Methods Sixty patients of apoplectic hemiplegia were randomized into treatment group and control group, 30 cases in each group. Both groups were given ordinary clinical treatment and rehabilitation training, and treatment group was given group psychotherapy additionally. HAMD-17 and MBI were evaluated after four weeks, and the incidence of depression of the two groups was compared. Results The treatment group was obviously superior to control group in improvement of depression level and activities of daily living (P<0.05). The incidence of depression in the treatment group was lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The group psychotherapy is effective in treating depression state of stroke patients, improving activities of daily living, and reducing depression incidence.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure nursing students' competence in managing violence from patients and relatives in the hospital where nursing students perform clinical practicum. Methods: Literature review and Delphi expert consultation were utilized to develop the content of the management of workplace violence competence scale (MWVCS). A convenience sample of 797 nursing students responded to the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis of the scale was performed. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were examined. Results: The MWVCS consisted of 40 items with a five-point scale. Seven factors explained 63.2% of the total explained variance. The content validity index for the scale was .99. Cronbach's α of the scale was .96, and test–retest correlations were found to be ≥ .76. Conclusion The MWVCS is a reliable and valid scale for nursing educators to assess the level of students' competence in violence management and to evaluate the effectiveness of education to enhance their ability to manage workplace violence.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure nursing students' competence in managing violence from patients and relatives in the hospital where nursing students perform clinical practicum. Methods: Literature review and Delphi expert consultation were utilized to develop the content of the management of workplace violence competence scale (MWVCS). A convenience sample of 797 nursing students responded to the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis of the scale was performed. Internal consistency and test–retest reliability were examined. Results: The MWVCS consisted of 40 items with a five-point scale. Seven factors explained 63.2% of the total explained variance. The content validity index for the scale was .99. Cronbach's α of the scale was .96, and test–retest correlations were found to be ≥ .76. Conclusion The MWVCS is a reliable and valid scale for nursing educators to assess the level of students' competence in violence management and to evaluate the effectiveness of education to enhance their ability to manage workplace violence.

Objective To investigate the quality of life and sexual function of cervical cancer patients following radical hysterectomy (RH) and vaginal extension.Methods Case-control and questionnaire-based method was employed in this study.Thirty-one patients of early-stage (Ⅰ b1-Ⅰ b2) cervical cancer who had undergone vaginal extension following classic RH in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from December 2008 to September 2012 were included in study group,while 28 patients with matching factors and RH only during the same period were allocated to control group.There was no significant difference between two groups in terms of clinical and demographic variables including age at diagnosis,tumor stage and follow-up time (P＞0.05).Patients were assessed retrospectively by validated selfreported questionnaires the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Cervix Cancer Module Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-CX24) mainly for quality of life and sexual function for cervical cancer patients; the Sexual Function and Vaginal Changes Questionnaire (SVQ) further investigates sexual function and vaginal changes of patients with gynecologic malignancy at least 6 months after treatment.Results Vaginal length acquired by pelvic examination by gynecologic oncologists during follow-up visits was (10.0±1.3) cm and (5.9± 1.0) cm in study group and control group respectively (P=0.000).Sixty-eight percent (21/31) of cases in study group and 64％ (18/28) of cases in control group had resumed sexual activity at the time of interview,and the time interval between treatment and regular sexual activity was mean 6 months (range 3-20 months) and mean 5 months (range 1-12 months) in study and control group respectively,in which there was not statistical significance (P＞0.05).No difference was observed regarding pelvic floor symptoms (P＞0.05) while difficulty emptying bladder,incomplete emptying and constipation were most commonly reported.Both group presented with hypoactive sexual desire disorder [88％ (52/59)],orgasm dysfunction [72％(28/39)] and low enjoyment or relaxation after sex [51％(20/39)],which was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Reduced vagina size and shorter vagina was more prominent in control group (12/18) than that in study group [19％ (4/21)] with statistical significance (P＜0.05),while no difference in sexual desire,vaginal lubrication,dyspareunia and sexual enjoyment (P＞0.05).Conclusions Patients with peritoneovaginoplasty following RH had much longer vagina and less self-perceived short vagina.Vaginal extension following RH does not worsen the pelvic floor symptoms.

Objective To analyze clinical and pathological features of dermatomyositis with panniculitis as a skin manifestation.Methods Clinical data were collected from 9 cases of dermatomyositis with panniculitis as a skin manifestation in Department of Dermatology of Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University from October 2012 to July 2016,and their clinical and pathological features were analyzed.Results Of the 9 cases,6 were female and 3 were male,and the age ranged from 28 to 73 years.Panniculitis lesions of the 9 patients all manifested as painful indurated plaques or nodules on the buttock,thigh,waist,back,abdomen,upper extremities and cheeks.These lesions occurred before,after or simultaneously with the onset of characteristic skin and muscle lesions of dermatomyositis,especially preceded the onset of characteristic lesions of dermatomyositis by 30 years in 1 case.Histopathological examination of lesions showed liquefaction degeneration of basal cells,inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells around blood vessels,in the fat lobules as well as between the lobules and septa in the dermis.The necrosis and calcification of lipocytes,lipomembranous changes,fibrinoid necrosis of damaged vessel walls and microvascular occlusion were observed in some cases.Because panniculitis preceded the onset of characteristic lesions of dermatomyositis,2 patients were misdiagnosed with lupus panniculitis and morphea profunda for several times.Most patients had good response to systemic glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressive agents,while the patients with lipomembranous fat necrosis had poor response to the combination therapy.Conclusions Panniculitis lesions of dermatomyositis are histologically characteristic,and may do not coincide with the onset of characteristic lesions of dermatomyositis.If panniculitis lesions precede characteristic lesions of dermatomyositis,patients will be easily misdiagnosed.Thus,persistent follow-up visit will be of great importance for the diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of modulated medium frequency current therapy (MMFCT) combined with infrared therapy on patients of acute facial neuritis. Methods A total of forty-six patients with acute facial neuritis were divided into two groups (observation group and control group) randomly and medially. Every patient received medication. Meanwhile, observation group received MMFCT and infrared therapy. Before the treatment, and after two and four weeks of treatment, Portmann scale were used to evaluate the autonomic movements of the facial expression muscles on both sides. After 4 weeks of treatment, the outcome was evaluated by House-Brackmann facial nerve grading system. Results There were no significant differences in Portmann scales before treatment between two groups. Portmann scales were higher in observation group than those of control group after two and four weeks of treatment (P<0.05). With the duration of treatment, Portmann scales were increased successively in two groups. The significant difference was found in multiple comparisons between groups. After 4 weeks of treatment, the efficacy was significant in the observation group, compared with control group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Modulated medium frequency current therapy combined with infrared therapy have a better effect than isolated medication.

Objective To observe the effect of the 8-word bandage on the walking ability of stroke patients with knee hyperextension. Methods Fifty patients with stroke combined with knee hyperextension were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 25 cases in each group. The control group was treated with conventional methods, including Bobath technology, Brunnstrom therapy and motor relearning primarily rehabilitation training. In addition to the conventional methods, patients in the observation group used 8-word bandage to fix knee joint in walking training. Before and after 8 weeks of treatment, Holden walking function classification, 10-meter maximum walking speed and improved Barthel index were adopted to evaluate the walking ability, maximum walking speed and the life ability of the patients. Results There were no significant differences in the scores before treatment between the two groups. The Holden walking function classification, the 10-meter maximum walking speed and the Barthel index scores were significantly improved after 8-week treatment in both two groups (P<0.05), and patient conditions were more significantly improved in the observation group than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Using 8-word bandage to fix knee joint can significantly improve knee hyperextension in patients with stroke, so as to improve the walking ability and activities of daily living.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the proliferation effect of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on prostate in aged rats at the environmental exposure dose and the possible mechanism.METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 1.5 years,were randomly divided into 4 groups (8 rats per group) and treated with DEHP (30,90 and 270 μg· kg-1,ig) and vehicle once daily respectively for 4 weeks.All the animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium and sacrificed on the day subsequent to the last treatment.① Abdominal aortic blood samples were collected,and serum estradiol (E2),testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL) levels were assayed by ELISA.② The prostate tissues were dissected and categorized into different lobes,weighed and measured.The prostate relative mass was calculated.③ The morphological changes were detected by HE staining and prostate epithelial height was analyzed with microscopic image analysis software.RESULTS Compared with vehicle control group,the prostate relative mass,dorsolateral prostate mass,and dorsolateral prostate index in DEHP 270 μg· kg-1 group were significantly higher (P＜0.05).The height of the ventral prostate epithelium in DEHP 30,90 and 270 μg· kg-1 groups was increased significantly (P＜0.01),so was the height of dorsal prostate epithelium in DEHP 270 μg· kg-1 group (P＜0.01).There were no significant changes in levels of E2,PRL or T in DEHP 30,90 and 270 μg· kg-1 groups,but the ratios of E2/T in DEHP 30 and 270 μμg· kg-1 groups were increased significantly (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Low-dose DEHP could promote the proliferation of prostatic hyperplasia in the aged rats,which might be associated with the relative levels of endogenous hormone.

The World Health Organization redefined the type 2 vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) in 2010. To study the genetic characteristics and evolution of type 2 VDPV under this new definition, we conducted genome sequencing and analyses of type 2 VDPVs isolated from one patient with acute flaccid paralysis in Shanxi province (China) in 2014. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that the full-length of type 2 VDPV is 7439 bases encoding 2207 amino acids with no insertion or deletion of nucleotides compared with Sabin2. One nucleotide substitution identified as a key determinant of the attenuated phenotype of the Sabin 2 strain (A-G reversion at nucleotide nt 481 in the 5-end of the untranslated region) had reverted in the Shanxi type 2 VDPV. The other known key determinant of the attenuated phenotype of the Sabin 2 strain (U-->C reversion at nt2909 in the VP1 coding region that caused a Ile143Thr substitution in VP1) had not reverted in the Shanxi VDPV. The Shanxi type 2 VDPV was S2/S1 recombinant, the crossover site of which mapped to the 3-end of the 3D region (between nt 6247 and nt 6281). A phylogentic tree based on the VP1 coding region showed that evolution of the Shanxi type 2 VDPV was independent of other type 2 VDPVs detected worldwide. We estimated that the strain circulated for approximately = 11 months in the population according to the known evolution rate. The present study confirmed that the Chinese Polio Laboratory Network could discover the VDPV promptly and that it played an important part in maintenance of a polio-free China.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Capsid Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; China ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Poliomyelitis ; virology ; Poliovirus ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Poliovirus Vaccines ; adverse effects ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Sequence Alignment

We analyzed the genetic characteristics of coxsackievirus A4 (CV-A4) based on the entire VP1 coding region. Samples were isolated from patients with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Shaanxi, China from 2006 to 2010. We wished to ascertain the predominant genotype and the relationship between CV-A4 infection and AFP. Sixty-eight non-polio enteroviruses were inoculated onto RD cells (to increase the virus titer) and molecular typing was undertaken. The entire VP1 coding region was amplified. Percentage of CV-A4 was 10.3% (7/68). Analyses of genetic identify and creation of phylogenetic trees revealed that CV-A4 could be classified into A, B and C genotypes. Seven CV-A4 strains from Shaanxi and other CV-A4 strains from China formed an independent evolution lineage located in group 4 and belonged to the C2 sub-genotype. These data suggested that CV-A4 strains of sub-genotype C2 were the predominant genotypes in China. These strains co-evolved and co-circulated with those from other provinces in China, so continued monitoring of CV-A4 (by clinical and genetic surveillance) should be enhanced.
China ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Paralysis ; virology ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; genetics