Objective To investigate pathogens of hepatitis B virus (HBV) ,hepatitis C virus(HCV) and treponema palladium (TP) current infection situation and trend among voluntary blood donors in Pingdingshan city .Methods The testing results of HB-sAg ,anti-HCV and anti-TP among voluntary blood donors were investigated and analyzed .Results Six-year total positive rates of HBsAg ,anti-HCV and anti-TP were 1 .24% ,0 .55% and 0 .48% ,respectively .Positive rates of HBsAg ,anti-HCV and anti-TP were going downward year after year ,in recent three years especially .Conclusion The initial effects of establishing a safe and fixed voluntary blood donor group have been shown .

Objective To establish a rapid genotyping method of for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) based on polymerase chain reaction(PCR)-high resolution melting (HRM ) curve analysis and staphylococcal protein A (SPA ) classifica-tion .Methods 71 strains of MRSA clinically isolated were collected as test strains .Gene sequencing and HRM curve analysis were employed to conduct SPA gene typing .Results According to gene sequencing method ,SPA gene of 71 strains of MRSA was divided into four types ,namely t570 ,t030 ,t002 and t588 .The most predominant type was t570 (74 .65% ) ,followed by t030 and t002(both 7 cases) .The result of SPA gene typing by HRM analysis were basically consistent with that by gene sequencing .Con-clusion PCR-HRM analysis is expected to become a fast ,efficient genotyping for MRSA SPA gene ,providing the basis for hospital infection control .

OBJECTIVE: To study the development strategy of clinical pharmacy under the condition of New Medical Reform in China. METHODS: The status quo and obstacle factors of clinical pharmacy were analyzed to probe into the chance for clinical pharmacy in China brought out by New Medical Reform. RESULTS: The reimbursement mechanism reform of state hospitals, National Essential Drug System, medical insurance system, charge for pharmaceutical care system and the construction of primary hospitals and public health service provide development opportunities of clinical pharmacy. CONCLUSION: The development strategy of clinical pharmacy should be associated with New Medical Reform and relevant policy, laws and regulations of clinical pharmacy should be improved. Great importance should be attached to exploring the training system of clinical pharmacists and approaches of clinical pharmacy.

To explore a sensitive , stable and handleable method for evaluating phagocytosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages by flow cytometry , and get a set of optimized solutions.Methods: The peritoneal macrophages obtained from ICR mice were divided into two part.One part was used directly ,and another part was 1∶1 diluted.Three fluorescent microsphere concentrations were used (5×106/well,1×107/well and 1.5×107/well).Incubation time were respective 1 h,1.5 h and 2 h.The adherent cells were digested by enzyme or cell scraper.The percentage of phagocytic cells ( PP) and the phagocytic index ( PI) were determined by flow cy-tometry.To verify and confirm the reliability of experiment conditions , effect of JKS on phagocytosis of mouse macrophages were evaluated with flow cytometric assays and chicken red blood-cell method.Results:The higher concentration of fluorescent microspheres meant PP and PI were higher.When cell concentration was 1×105-2×105 ml-1 ,incubation time was 1.5 h,concentration of fluorescent microspheres was 1.5 ×107/well,the PP and PI were the highest (89.87%,1.54).When incubation time was 2 h,the PP and PI declined(57.71%,1.51).Effect of cell concentration on the PP and PI were negatively correlated with fluorescent microspheres .After adherent macrophages were digested by trypsin+EDTA,the PP and PI were 44.51%,0.68.The PP and PI were 37.92%,0.57 after di-gestion by EDTA.The results were lower than using cell scraper.The PP(1 485 mg/kg group) of JKS were higher than control group that were evaluated with flow cytometric assays and chicken red blood-cell method.The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05 ).Conclusion: These are the optimized solutions for the experiment such as the concentration of peritoneal macrophaes is (1-2)×105,the incubation time is 1 h and the concentration of fluorescent microspheres is 1×107/well.

This paper summarized Professor PENG Peichu's experience in the differentiation and treatment of prostate cancer in three phases and four stages. It is considered that prostatic cancer is categorized into root deficiency and branch excess， with depletion of healthy qi as the root， and the accumulation of cancer toxin as the minifestation. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of prostatic cancer can be divided into three phases and four stages according to the exuberance and decline of pathogenic and healthy qi and the changes of deficiency and excess of yin and yang. In the initial accumulation phase of cancer toxin （yang excess stage）， the key pathogenesis is the accumulation of dampness， heat and static blood， and internal generation of cancer toxin， and the treatment should be resolving toxins， fighting cancer and dispelling yang excess. In the phase of healthy qi deficiency and toxin accumulation （yin deficiency stage）， with the lung and kidney yin deficiency， dampness， heat and static toxin accumulation as the key pathogenesis， the treatment should be centered on mutual generation between metal and water to nourish kidney yin， supplemented with the method of clearing heat and draining dampness， activating blood and resolving toxins， for which self-made Nanbei Formula（南北方）is usually used. In the phase of yang deficiency and cold stagnation （yang deficiency stage and yin excess stage）， with the spleen and kidney yang deficiency， cold dampness stagnation， static heat and toxin accumulation as the key pathogenesis， the treatment should be warming and tonifying spleen and kidney to dissipate cold accumulation； for deficiency of both yin and yang， and excess pathogen obstruction， modified Yanghe Decoction（阳和汤） is recommended， while for yang deficiency， cold congealing and blood stasis， self-made Wenshen Sanjie Formula（温肾散结方） can be used， and for cold dampness binding with cancer toxin， and cold complex with heat， self-made Quanan Formula （泉安方） is advised.

Objective: To investigate the application value of CTDI_vol and size-specific dose estimate(SSDE) in evaluating the radiation dose of adult chest CT. Methods: A retrospective analysis was made on the CTDI_voland SSDE of 128 patients who underwent chest CT scanning in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from March to April 2017 and all images are adequate for diagnosis. The subjects were divided into three groups according to body mass index (BMI): Group A, 38 cases with 16≤BMI<21.1 kg/m²; Group B, 53 cases with 21.1≤BMI<23.9 kg/m²; Group C, 37 cases with 23.9≤BMI<34.1 kg/m². The diameters of anterior-posterior (AP) and left-right (LAT) of each patient were measured in the slice of nipple level, and CTDI_vol, effective diameter (ED), conversion factor (f_size) and SSDE of each patient were recorded and calculated. Meanwhile, the differences between CTDI_vol and SSDE in different BMI groups were compared. Results: SSDE of each group was higher than CTDI_vol, and increased by 50.13%, 42.83% and 33.68% in group A, B and C, respectively. There were significant differences in radiation dose between CTDI_vol and SSDE in the three groups (t=-48.873, -57.001, -32.651, P<0.05). There were significant differences in ED, f_size, CTDI_vol and SSDE among the three groups (F=51.456, 47.749, 113.916, 106.449, P<0.05). Conclusions SSDE can evaluate the radiation dose absorbed by patients with different body types in chest CT, while CTDI_vol underestimated the radiation dose.The lower BMI, the greater the underestimated dose value, the more radiation dose absorbed.

Objective To explore the sleep structure characteristics and risk factors in patients with Parkinson disease psychosis (PDP).Methods Fifty-one patients with Parkinson disease were enrolled.Sixteen cases met the diagnostic criteria of Parkinson disease psychosis were included in the PDP group,while the remaining 35 cases were included in the PD group as the control group.Sleep status was monitored by polysomnography.Neuropsychological assessment of patients with Parkinson disease was performed by Parkinson quality of life questionnaire,Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and Hoehn-Yahr state (H-Y) of Parkinson disease.Results There were statistically significant differences in age of onset in PD group and PDP group (64.11±8.87,57.44±10.07,t=1.242),course of disease (2 (1,4),6 (4,7),Z=-3.888),HY stage (2 (1.5,2.5),3 (2,3),Z=-2.487)(all P＜0.05).The total sleep time in the PDP group was lower than that in the PD group ((344.06±26.39)min,(361.74± 17.16)min,P＜0.05).Compared with the PD group,the proportion of slow wave sleep phase Ⅰ in the PDP group was bigger ((42.88 ± 7.99) ％,(37.14±5.21) ％,t=-3.065),and the proportion of slow wave sleep phase Ⅱ in the PDP group was smaller ((31.19±5.92) ％,(37.51±5.70) ％,t=3.634) (P＜0.05).Single factor binary logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease,age of onset,RBD,HY stage,PDQ-39 questionnaire score,total sleep time,slow wave sleep stage Ⅰ (％) and slow wave sleep stage Ⅱ (％) were the risk factors of PDP (P＜0.05).Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that the course of disease and RBD were independent risk factors for patients with PDP (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sleep structure changes in patients with PDP,and RBD is the independent risk factor for patients with Parkinson's psychotic disorders.

Many efforts have been made to understand excitotoxicity and develop neuroprotectants for the therapy of ischemic stroke. The narrow treatment time window is still to be solved. Given that the ischemic core expanded over days, treatment with an extended time window is anticipated. Bestrophin 1 (BEST1) belongs to a bestrophin family of calcium-activated chloride channels. We revealed an increase in neuronal BEST1 expression and function within the peri-infarct from 8 to 48 h after ischemic stroke in mice. Interfering the protein expression or inhibiting the channel function of BEST1 by genetic manipulation displayed neuroprotective effects and improved motor functional deficits. Using electrophysiological recordings, we demonstrated that extrasynaptic glutamate release through BEST1 channel resulted in delayed excitotoxicity. Finally, we confirmed the therapeutic efficacy of pharmacological inhibition of BEST1 during 6-72 h post-ischemia in rodents. This delayed treatment prevented the expansion of infarct volume and the exacerbation of neurological functions. Our study identifies the glutamate-releasing BEST1 channel as a potential therapeutic target against ischemic stroke with a wide time window.