Objective To investigate the value of combined 3D-constructive interference in steady state(3D-CISS) with phase-contrast MR(PC-MR) in diagnosis of hydrocephalus children.Methods We collected retrospectively 28 children with hydrocephalus who caused by obstructive membranes.They all underwent MR imaging examination with a 1.5 T consisting of 3D-CISS, conventional sequences and PC-MR.With the result of surgery and CT cisternography as gold standard,we analysised different sequence in the diagnosis of membranous obstruction.The results of obstructive were analysed by x2 test between 3D-CISS combined with PC-MR and conventional sequences.Results The study included 28 children, of whom 16 showed obstructive membranes in CSF pathways of ventricle and 12 displayed obstructive membranes in CSF pathways of cistern.Conventional sequences diagnosed obstructive membranes of 15 children, and obstructive membranes of 11 children were consistent with gold standard, and 4 cases were false positive.The 3D-CISS diagnosed obstructive membranes of 40, and 12 cases were false positive.There were significant difference between 3D-CISS combined with PC-MR and conventional sequence about obstructive membranes diagnosis of CSF pathways(x2=24.410, P=0.001).Conclusions Making use of jointing 3D-CISS sequence and PC-MR sequence successively, and we can diagnose the position of obstructive membrane for hydrocephalus, which can be helpful to select a perfect surgical approach.

Objective:To analyze the brain functional fluctuation of benign epilepsy in children with central-temporal spikes(BECTS) by using ReHo algorithm based on the resting-state brain functional imaging, and to explore the connection of the brain function and changes of the connection pattern, so as to find the damage of the cognitive function of BECTS children in the early stage.Method:s Perspectiveness and simple random selection of 20 BECTS children and 20 healthy control children admitted to Shenzhen Children′s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were conducted for basic information collection and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) testing in a resting-state.Result:s Significantly lower ReHo value appeared in the default mode network (DMN) area, and the precuneus (voxel=422, t=-5.085 6), cuneus (voxel=85, t=-4.240 3), angular gyrus (voxel=191, t=-4.681 2), cingulate cortex (voxel=313, t=-5.238 2), anterior central gyrus (voxel=12, t=-3.482 7), and supplementary motor area (voxel=1 356, t-6.596 2). The significantly increased ReHo was found in the bilateral cerebellum (voxel=71, t=5.658 2), right superior temporal gyrus (voxel=24, t= 5.184 0), operculum insulae (voxel=337, t=6.814 9), left parietal lobe (voxel=12, t=4.378 7), and inferior parietal lobule (voxel=11, t=3.433 7). Conclusions:Significant impairment of DMN, Wernicke and angular gyrus functions in BECTS children may be one of the mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction.Enhanced sensorimotor area and cortical brain functions near the operculum insulae and central sulcus lead to seizures with typical clinical symptoms.fMRI has a high specificity and sensitivity for evaluating the brain function of children with BECTS, and it can detect the impairment of cognitive function in children with this type of epilepsy at an early stage.