Objective To investigate the effect of nasal intubation guided by fiberoptic bronchoscope (FOB) and intubation guided by laryngoscope on hemodynamics and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2).Methods Sixty-one patients received tracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation were divided into observation group (31 cases) and control group (30 cases) by random digits table who received FOB guided nasotracheal intubation and laryngoscope intubation respectively, the systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and SaO2 of all patients in two groups was measured and recorded 1 min before intubation, the intubation moment and 5 min after intubation. Results Patients in two groups were successfully intubated. The average time in observation group was (35.2 ± 12.5) s and in control group was (38.7 ± 13.6) s, and there was no significant difference between two groups (P ＞ 0.05);SBP, DBP and HR of two groups at the intubation moment increased significantly than that at 1 min before intubation, while SaO2 decreased significantly, and the rangeability of above indexes in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group, there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion FOB guided nasotracheal intubation has little effect on hemodynamics and blood SaO2, it is a safe method of endotracheal intubation and worthy of clinical application.

Objective To investigate the relationship between plasma level of homocysteine (Hcy) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).Methods The differences of Hcy,Vitamin B12,and folate levels between 150 outpatients with ALS and 137 age and sex matched controls were compared in a cross-sectional study.Results Compared with the healthy controls,patients with ALS had a higher plasma Hcy level [ ( 18.47 ± 13.09) μmol/L vs ( 11.91 ± 5.37 ) μmol/L,P ＜ 0.001 ] and a lower folate level [ ( 8.39 ±4.45) ng/ml vs (10.38 ±5.01) ng/ml,P ＜0.001].In a logistic regression model using ALS as a dependent variable,plasma level of Hcy was significantly associated with ALS.A trend for higher Hcy levels in patients with shorter interval from symptom onset to diagnosis ( ODI ) was also found [ Hcy levels (20.73 ± 15.79 ) μmol/L with ODI ＜ 19 months vs ( 16.41 ± 9.73 ) μmol/L with ODI ≥ 19 months,P =0.035 ].Conclusions Plasma Hcy level is significantly increased in patients with ALS.The individuals with shorter time to diagnosis present higher Hcy level,suggesting that it may associate with the progression pace of ALS.

Objective To investigate the relationship between alterations in the corneal innervation observed by laser confocal microscopy and peripheral neuropathy severity in the patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods A total of 70 patients with IGT were consecutively enrolled into the study.Among them,30 patients were diagnosed as peripheral neuropathy (IGT-PN),40 patients without peripheral neuropathy (IGT-NPN).Fifty age-matched healthy subjects were also studied.Corneal subbasal nerves were investigated by laser confocal microscopy.Results Corneal nerve fiber length (17.1 ±4.9) vs (14.0±3.8) mm/mm2; t=13.484,P＜0.05),newe branch density ((53.1 ±18.8) vs (36.2±11.5) mm/mm2 ; t =9.369,P ＜ 0.01) and nerve fibre tortuosity ((2.07 ± 0.76) vs (0.88 ± 0.55) levels,t =12.957,P ＜0.05)were significantly increased in IGT-NPN group when compared with control group,but nerve fibre density had no difference.Nerve fiber length,nerve branch density and nerve fibre density were significantly decreased in IGT-PN group compared with control group and IGT-NPN group,while NFT was significantly increased in IGT-PN group.Conclusions Patients with impaired glucose metabolism show alterations in corneal innervations before diagnosed with diabetes mellitus or peripheral neuropathy.It indicates that corneal confocal microscopy can be used for early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To establish the reference range of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin antibody (anti-MCV ) among healthy individuals in Northeast area of Sichuan .Methods The Alegria enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system and the matched anti-MCH reagent test kit were adopted to detect the serum anti-MCV concentration in 141 serum samples collected from healthy individuals .Results The intra-batch and inter-batch precisions and the functional sensitivity of the Alegria enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system all met the laboratory requirements .The concentration of serum anti-MCV was 12 .10(6 .70-41 .30) U/mL in the healthy female group and 11 .10(6 .00-18 .30)U/mL in the healthy male group ,there was no statistical difference be-tween these two groups(Z= -0 .991 ,P=0 .322);the detection results of serum anti-MCV in the age groups of <50 years old and ≥50 years old had no statistical differences (Z= -0 .588 ,P= 0 .558) .The reference range of anti-MCV in the investigated healthy individuals was 0 .00-18 .14 U/mL .Conclusion The reference range of anti-MCV has no correlation with gender and age . Establishing the reference range of anti-MCV suitable for the healthy population in the local area has very important clinical applica-tion value .

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of corneal confocal microscopy in the early small fibre neuropathy (SFN).Methods A total of 45 patients with small fibre neuropathy and 50 age-matched healthy subjects undertook a neurological evaluation,neurological deficits score (NDS),sural nerve conduction velocity,contact heat evoked potential (CHEP) and corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) to quantify small nerve fibre pathology.Four parameters including nerve fiber length (NFL),nerve branch density (NBD),nerve fiber density (NFD) and nerve fibre tortuosity (NFT) were calculated from the observation of corneal confocal microscopy.Results Compared with the control group,significantly decreased NFD and NBD were found in the SFN group [(42.00 ±25.26)/mm2 vs (72.38 ± 14.09) /mm2 ;(31.93 ± 13.21)/mm2 vs (46.24 ± 11.48)/mm2 ; with all P ＜ 0.05],while NFT were significantly increased in the SFN group [(2.48 ±0.87) levels vs (0.88 ±0.56) levels,P ＜0.001].The neurological deficits score was correlated with NFT,NFD and NBD (r =0.782,-0.376,-0.504 ; with all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion CCM is a new and sensitive noninvasive clinical technique that may be used to detect early small fibre nerve damage in patients with SFN.

Complications related to CO2 pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopy surgery have led to the devel-opment of gasless laparoscopic surgery using abdominal wall lifting technique.The technique uses facilitate laparoseopic surgery without conventional pneumoperitoneum and markly reduced in the risks of anesthesiolo-gy,especially in old patients with cardiopulmonary insufficiency.The review summarizes the application of gasless laparoscopie surgery using abdominal wall lifting technique in the field of general surgery.

AIM: To explore the effects of sitai tablet on blood pressure, blood lipid,blood sugar and insulin of rats with insulin resistance syndrome(IRS).METHODS: A total of 40 male clean SD rats were divided into normal control group, model group, sitai group and captopril group by randomized block design. The rats were fed with high-fat high sugar diet for 8 weeks to induce IRS. Then, sitai tablets were given to rats with IRS to observe the influence of sitai tablet on blood pressure, blood sugar, blood lipid, insulin levels and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) of them.RESULTS: The systolic pressure reduced from ( 158 ± 8), ( 157 ± 7) mm Hg before treatment to (128 ± 4), (110 ± 2)mm Hg after treatment in sitai group and captoril group respectively. There was also significant difference on systolic pressure of between sitai group, captopril group and model group [ ( 165 ± 6) mm Hg] ( t = 11.86 - 28.99, P < 0.01 ). In sitai group, the total cholesterol (TC), triacylycerol (TG)decreased clearly than those in model group( t = 44.27, 9. 14, P < 0.01 ), but high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased( t = 703, P < 0. 01 ) . There were increased fasting insulin(FINS) and decreased ISI in model group. There was significant difference on these indes between model group and normal control group( t= 7.14, 9.35, P < 0.01 ) . The insulin resistance was evident so that the model was successfully established. The fasting blood sugar and FINS all reduced when comparing it between sitai group, captopsil group with model group, there was significant difference( t = 11.95, 6.71, P < 0.01). When comparing the fasting blood sugar in captoril group and sitai group, there was also difference( t = 8.33, P < 0.01 ) . The ISI all increased in sitai group and captoril group, there was difference between them and model group (t=9.82,9.35, P <0.01).CONCLUSION: Sitai tablet can remarkably reduce the blood pressure,blood sugar and blood fat, and increase the sensibility of insulin so that it can improve the general effects of IRS.

Objective: To explore the significance of examination of spectrum ECG in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Spectrum ECG and ECG、 vectorcardiogram examination were meanwhile executed in 254 patients with coronary heart disease. Results: Diagnose coincidence rate of CHD was 66.9% by spectrum ECG and ECG、 vectorcardiogram examination. Conclusion: Spectrum ECG is a new detect method for electrocardiogram information.

BACKGROUND:Chitosan modification for magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can improve the agglomeration and stability of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, and in addition, it can be used for tumor hyperthermia and gene therapy in the future.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the biocompatibility of magnetic chitosan microspheres which have the potential application in tumor hyperthermia and gene therapy.
METHODS:Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared using the modified chemical precipitation. Phacoemulsification method was used to add chitosan into magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the preparation of magnetic chitosan microspheres. Then, the fol owing tests were performed. (1) Cytotoxicity test:L-929 cells were cultured in 1640 medium, polyacrylamide monomer solution, 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%of magnetic chitosan microsphere extracts. (2) Hemolysis test:Magnetic chitosan microspheres leaching solution, saline and distil ed water were added. (3) Micronucleus test:Kunming mice were intraperitoneal y injected with magnetic chitosan microspheres suspension containing 5, 3.75, 2.5, 1.25 g/kg iron oxide magnetic fluid, cyclophosphamide and saline, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Magnetic chitosan microspheres of 200-300 nm in diameter had an increased dispersion effect. The result of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that the toxicity of the material on L-929 celllines belonged to no cytotoxicity. In the hemolysis test, the hemolysis rate of magnetic chitosan microspheres was 0.69%far less than 5%. In the micronucleus test, magnetic chitosan microspheres suspension did not cause DNA fragmentation and aneuploidy, and did not result in genetic toxicological effects produced by micronuclei. The magnetic chitosan microspheres did not appear with cacogenesis and mutagenesis. From the results, magnetic chitosan microspheres are a kind of high biocompatibility material.

Object To establish a method for the determination of bacterial endotoxin in SAFFLOR INJECTION * Methods Thirty batches of SAFFLOR INJECTION were subjected to Limulus lysate test in comparison with pyrogen test to ascertain whether there are any interference between the lysate and SAFFLOR INJECTION Results SAFFLOR INJECTION showed no inhibition or enhancement actions in bacterial endotoxin test with Limulus lysate, while showed a 100% coincidental rate with pyrogen test Conclusion This method was found to be simple, quick, accurate and is suitable for the determination of bacterial endotoxin in SAFFLOR INJECTION