BACKGROUND: At present, bone defects usually repaired by autologous bone, allogenic bone, synthetic bone substitutes and other methods, which received poor clinical results. Preliminary studies have shown that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) possess strong proliferation ability and differentiation potential, and can be induced differentiate into bone. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the application of ADSCs in bone tissue engineering, and to identify whether ADSCs can be used as seed cells in bone tissue engineering. METHODS: The databases of PubMed (1999-01/2008-12) and Tongfang (2003-01/2008-12) was retrieved using key words of "adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adipose mesenchymal stem cells, adipose stem cell; osteogenic induction, osteogenic inducement, bone induction, osteoblastic induced; chondroblast induction, cartilage induction; bone tissue engineering, tissue engineering bone, tissue engineering of bone". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 361 literatures were collected, including 246 in Chinese and 115 in English. Totally 29 literatures were accordant with the study criteria. ADSCs is a truly multi-directional differentiation potential cells, which possess strong amplification and self-renewal potential, and can be directional differentiated into osteoblasts, cartilage cells, bone cells and muscle cells. It can be used as seed cells in bone tissue engineering when matching appropriate stents.

Objective: To demonstrate the effects of symbiotic bacteria from lettuce on inactivation of norovirus（NV）. Methods: Symbiotic bacteria were isolated from the lettuces sampled from farmlands and supermarkets. NV mixed with symbiotic bacteria was set as the experimental group,without symbiotic bacteria as the control group. After the inactivation by high temperature,ultraviolet light（UV）and chlorine dioxide,the ratio of NV amount in the experimental group and the control group was calculated to evaluate the effects of symbiotic bacteria. The mechanism of symbiotic bacteria was revealed by detecting their effects on the protection of viral capsid protein from UV and on the adsorption of NV. Results: Eleven symbiotic bacteria were identified from lettuces,all of which were bacilli,mainly Pseudomonas. Ten symbiotic bacteria could improve the heat-resistant ability of NV,with Microbacterium oryzae,Cupriavidus taiwanensis（SC061204）,Pseudomonas furukawaii,Enterobacter tabaci and Pseudomonas resinovorans（SC061211）more significant. Eleven symbiotic bacteria could improve anti-UV ability of NV,with Pseudomonas putida,Microbacterium oryzae and Enterobacter tabaci more significant. Only one strain of Pseudomonas putida could improve anti-chlorine dioxide ability of NV（Class I hazard）. Pseudomonas putida,Microbacterium oryzae and Enterobacter tabaci could significantly reduce the damage of NV capsid protein. Nine symbiotic bacteria could promote NV adsorption into lettuces,with the promotion rates ranged from 1.04% to 46.73%;while Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas resinovorans（SC061211） could restrain NV absorption,with the promotion rates of -6.50% and -19.85%. Conclusion Symbiotic bacteria from lettuce may enhance the anti-inactivation of NV by protecting capsid protein and promoting adsorption of NV. It is recommended to control the presence of symbiotic bacteria in the process of inactivating NV.

Objective: To explore the longitudinal correlation between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms, so as to provide an evidence based basis for promoting the mental health of college students. Methods: A total of 967 college students were recruited from one university in Taiyuan, Chongqing, and Shenzhen cities, China, by using multi stage randomized cluster sampling from October to December 2021 at baseline, and a follow up survey was conducted in May 2022. Smartphone multitasking behaviors were assessed by means of the Assessment of Smartphone Multitasking for Adolescents (ASMA), and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) among college students. Chi square tests were performed to compare the differences in depressive symptoms between different groups of demographic characteristics, and binary Logistic regression models were employed to analyze the associations between smartphone multitasking and depressive symptoms among college students. Results: The rates of depressive symptoms among college students at baseline and follow up were 35.2% and 42.3%, respectively. Compared to the low level smartphone multitasking index group at baseline, the moderate and high level groups were more likely to experience depressive symptoms at baseline (moderate level group: OR=1.74, 95%CI =1.22-2.50, high level group: OR=2.77, 95%CI =1.94-3.95) and followup (moderate level group: OR=1.41, 95%CI =1.01-1.95, high level group: OR=1.64, 95%CI =1.17-2.29) ( P <0.05). In addition, compared to the persistently low smartphone multitasking index, increased risk of depressive symptoms was associated with maintaining a moderate to high ( OR=2.94, 95%CI =1.83-4.71), and a higher ( OR=2.07, 95%CI =1.31-3.27) or lower smartphone multitasking index ( OR=2.02, 95%CI =1.27-3.19) ( P <0.05). Moreover, higher smartphone multitasking index scores were positively associated with the risk of new-onset depressive symptoms at follow up ( OR=1.87, 95%CI=1.07-3.27, P <0.05). Conclusions Smartphone multitasking behaviors are find to be associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms in college students. There is a need to reduce smartphone multitasking in order to decrease depressive symptoms and promote students mental health.