Objective To investigate the effect of Niaoduqing combined with Telmisartan on the diabetic nephropathy in rats. Methods Forty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group ( NC ) , the diabetic nephropathy in the control group ( DM ) , the uremic clearance group ( ND ) , and the combination group (LH). Rats in the DM, ND, LH groups were used to establish the diabetic nephropathy model. Rats in each group received the corresponding drugs. Twelve weeks later, the interactions among angiotensin receptor and adiponectin receptor were detected by co-immunoprecipitation assay. Western blot was performed to detect the expression of MCP-1, TGF-βto reveal the injury of the renal tubular interstitial. Results (1)Exogenous co-immunoprecipitation assay indicated that AdipoR1 and AT1, AT2 can form dimerization. Levels of AdipoR1-AT1, AdipoR2-AT2 dimerization were incresaed in the DM group compared with those in the NC group, but were decreased in the ND group and the LH group. (2)MCP-1 and TGF-βprotein expression were increased in the DM group compared with the normal control group (P < 0.05), but were decreased in the ND group and the LH group (P<0.05, respectively). Conclusion Niaoduqing combined with Telmisartan can significantly inhibit the expression of MCP-1 and TGF-βto relieve the renal tubular interstitial injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy. This protective mechanism may associated with the decrease of the dimerizations of AdipoRs and ATs.

Objective To explore the treatment procedure of pediatric vaginal rhabdomyosarcoma ( RMS) using 60 Co high?dose?rate three?dimensional ( 3D ) brachytherapy, and to analyze its dosimetric feasibility. Methods Computed tomography ( CT ) images were collected from five children undergoing radiotherapy for vaginal RMS. Three treatment plans were designed:plan A using 3D conformal radiotherapy with external beam irradiation, plan B using brachytherapy, and plan C using brachytherapy combined with external beam irradiation. Dosimetric parameters for clinical target volume ( CTV ) and organs at risk ( OARs ) were evaluated based on EQD 2 and analyzed using one ? way analysis of variance . Results Compared with plan A, plan C had significantly larger D90, D50, and Dmean for CTV ( all P=0?00), significantly lower doses to the rectum, bladder, and femoral head, and a significantly higher dose to the ovary ( all P=0?00) . Compared with plan B, plan C had a larger D90 for CTV, smaller D50 and Dmean for CTV, a lower dose to the ovary, and higher doses to the rectum, bladder, and femoral head. Among the three plans, plan B had the smallest D2 cm3 for the rectum and bladder. Conclusions The optimal radiotherapy plan for pediatric vaginal RMS should be based on the primary tumor location and residual tumor after surgery. CT image?guided 60 Co high?dose?rate 3D brachytherapy is convenient, effective, and well tolerated by children. It also achieves a high dose to CTV as well as good protection of normal tissue.

Objective To explore the protective effect and underlying mechanism of telmisartan on hyperuricemic nephropathy.Methods (1)High level of uric acid (600 μmol/L) and telmisartan in different concentrations (10nmol/L,100 nmol/L,1000 nmol/L,10000 nmol/L) were added to renal tubule epithelial cells and cultured for 48 h,the expression of UAT,TGF-β1 and α-SMA were detected by Real-time PCR,RT-PCR,Western blotting or cell immunofluorescence.(2) Wister rats were randomly divided into normal control group(Con),high uric acid group (HU),and telmisartan treatment group (Tel).Four weeks later,Scr,BUN and serum uric acid of the rats were detected.The expression of UAT in rat kidney was detected by Western blotting.Results (1)In vitro,compared to control group,high uric acid (600 μmol/L) inhibited the expression of UAT (P ＜ 0.01),and the inhibition could be alleviated by telmisartan; Telmisartan inhibited the upregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA induced by high uric acid(all P ＜ 0.05); (2)In vivo,compared to high uric acid group rats,telmisartan group rats had significantly reduced serum uric acid levels (189.9 μmol/L vs 204.5 μmol/L,P＜0.05),upregulated UAT and downregulated TGF-β1 expression in rat kidney (all P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Telmisartan significantly inhibits the upregulation of TGF-β1 and α-SMA induced by uricemia,which may prevent kidney from fibrosis.The protect effect of telmisartan may be related to the upregulation of UAT.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ )infusion on renal c-Abl expression in vivo,and on podocyte c-Abl expression change in cultured mouse podocytes.Methods Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley rats (Group C,D,E and F) were assigned to receive Ang Ⅱ(400 ng· kg-1 min-1) by osmotic minipump and of which 12 rats (Group D and F) were assigned to receive telmisartan (3 mg·kg-1·d-1),six rats received normal saline(Group B),and six rats were used as normal control(Group A).Animals were sacrificed at day 14 (Group C and D),day 28 (Group E and F) respectively.Conditionally immortalized mouse podocytes were used in vitro.Podocytes were studied 2 weeks after thermoswitching from 33℃ to 37℃.Cells were fetal bovine serum(FBS) starved for at least 12 hours prior to stimulation.The cultured podocytes were treated withAngⅡdosesranging from10 -9 mol/L to10 -6 mol/L andfor differenthours.Expression of renal and podocytes c-Abl was examined by immunofluorescence staining,real-time PCR and Western blotting.Results(1) Distribution of c-Abl expression was mainly in the cytoplasm and nuclear of the podocytes in vivo and in vitro. (2) Expressions of c-Abl mRNA and protein wereincreasedinAng Ⅱ-infusedratpodocytesandAng Ⅱ-inducedculturedmouse podocytes(P＜0.05),and the effects of Ang Ⅱ were dose-dependent and time-dependent in vitro.Conclusion There are c-Abl mRNA and protein expression in podocytes,and c-Abl may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Ang Ⅱ -induced podocyte injury.