Objective:To compare microcolumn gel Coombs test and test tube Coombs test for IgG anti-A and anti-B titre in serum of pregnant women with blood type O.The critical titre for IgG anti-A and anti-B should be established in domestic microcolumn gel Coombs' test.Methods:524 blood samples of pregnant women with blood type O,whose husbands were of blood type A or B,were detected simultaneously by domestic microcolumn gel Coombs' test and test tube Coombs test.The results were analyzed using paired "t " test,"?2 " test and regression analysis.Results:IgG anti-A mean titres determined by the two methods separately were 249.98 and 120.85,and IgG anti-B mean titre were 156.98 and 76.38.IgG anti-A and anti-B titration in domestic microcolumn gel Coombs'test showed significantly higher titres(mean 2.07 fold and mean 2.06 fold) than in test tube Coombs test in all samples studied(t=19.64,P

Objective To assess the feasibility of low concentration contrast medium (270 mgI/ml) and low radiation dose (100 kV) for enhanced CT scanning in infants and young children abdominal CT examination.Methods Ninety children with abdomen tumors or abdominal injuries who underwent contrast-enhanced CT examination were selected.The patients were divided into 3 groups (each n＝ 30):Group A with tube voltage of 120 kV for non-contrast enhanced and parenchymal phase scanning and iodixanol contrast-medium (320 mgI/ml);group B with tube voltage of 100 kV for non-contrast enhanced and parenchyrnal phase scanning and iodixanol contrast-medium (270 mgI/rnl);group C with tube voltage of 100 kV for non-contrast enhanced and parenchymal phase scanning and iodixanol contrast-medium (270 mgI/ml).The 4-point scale was used to evaluate the quality of parenchymal phase imaging.The standard difference (SD) of CT value in subcutaneous fat,SNR and CNR of liver parenchyma,splenic parenchyma,renal cortical,renal vein,and abdominal aorta were measured at parenchymal phase,and CT dose index of volume (CTDI,ol),dose length product (DLP) and effective dose (ED) were recorded.The data were statistically analyzed among 3 groups.Results There was no significant difference of SNR,CNR nor objective scores of liver parenchyma,splenic parenchyma,renal cortical,renal vein and abdominal aorta among 3 groups (all P＞0.05).The differences of CTDIvol,DLP and ED among 3 groups were statistically significant (all P＜0.01).The CTDIvol had no statistical difference between group B and group C (P ＝ 0.001,0.002),DLP (P ＝ 0.013,0.004) and ED (P ＝ 0.03,＜0.001) of group A had statistical difference with those of group B and C.Conclusion CNR of the abdominal image can be guaranteed using low concentration contrast medium (270 mgI/ml) combined with 100 kV tube voltage for CT scanning of infants and young children,therefore satisfying clinical diagnostic requirements.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the water extraction process of Maxing kechuan granules. METHODS With the contents of ephedrine hydrochloride， bergenin， prim-O-glucosylcimifugin， 5-O-methylvisamin， naringin and hesperidin and the rate of extraction as the evaluation indexes， the weight was determined by the analytic hierarchy process（APH）-entropy weight method， and the comprehensive score was calculated as the response value. Based on the single-factor test， the Box-Behnken response surface method was used to investigate the factors， and the best water extraction process of Maxing kechuan granules was optimized； process validation was also carried out. RESULTS The best water extraction process of Maxing kechuan granules optimized was as follows： soaking for 40 minutes， adding 8 times water， and extracting for 180 minutes. After three validation tests， the comprehensive score was 94.82 （RSD＝0.96%， n＝3）， which had a small difference from the predicted value of 94.64. CONCLUSIONS The water extraction process of Maxing kechuan granules is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the development of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Anaplasma infections in sheep and goats in Anhui Province in 2020, so as to provide insights into ovine anaplasmosis prevention and control. Methods A total of 355 fresh blood samples were collected from 7 sheep and goat farms in Linquan County of Fuyang City, Lixin County of Bozhou City, Yu'an District of Lu'an City, Wangjiang County of Anqing City, Nanling County of Wuhu City, and Tianchang City and Fengyang County of Chuzhou City in Anhui Province from June to December 2020. A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene, A. ovis major surface protein 4 (MSP4) gene and A. capra citric acid synthase (gltA) gene were amplified using PCR assay in all blood samples, and the prevalence of A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra infections was calculated in sheep and goats. In addition, the positive amplification products were sequenced and subjected to genetic evolutionary analysis. Results The overall prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 17.5% (62/355) in sheep and goats in Anhui Province, and the prevalence of A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra infections was 2.8% (10/355), 2.5% (9/355), 2.5% (9/355), and 7.0% (25/355), while the prevalence of A. bovis and A. phagocytophilum, A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis, A. phagocytophilum and A. capra and A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis co-infections was 0.8% (3/355), 1.1% (4/355), 0.3% (1/355) and 0.3% (1/355), respectively. No Anaplasma was detected in the sheep and goat farms in Fengyang County, while at least three Anaplasma species were detected in other sheep and goat farms, with co-infections of multiple Anaplasma species identified. The prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 14.7% (24/163) in goats and 19.8% (38/192) in sheep, and the prevalence of Anaplasma infections was 31.0% (31/100) in goats and sheep under 6 months of age, and 12.2% (31/255) in goats and sheep at ages of 6 months and older, respectively. A. bovis, A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra were identified in sheep and goats of different breeds and ages. Conclusions Multiple Anaplasma species infections were commonly prevalent in goats and sheep in Anhui Province in 2020, notably A. phagocytophilum, A. ovis and A. capra, which have zoonotic risks. Improved surveillance and prevention and control of Anaplasma infections are required in sheep and goats in Anhui Province.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease and is mainly characterized by abnormal proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). The up-regulated cellular membrane expression of G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) of FLS plays a critical role in RA progression, the increase of GRK2 translocation activity promotes dysfunctional prostaglandin E4 receptor (EP4) signaling and FLS abnormal proliferation. Recently, although our group found that paeoniflorin-6'-