Objective To compare the clinical effect of pantoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of elderly patients with peptic ulcer.Methods 200 patients with peptic ulcer were selected as study subjects,and they were randomly divided into two groups.The control group (100 cases) was orally given clarithromycin,amoxicillin and omeprazole triple therapy.The observation group (100 cases) was given clarithromycin,amoxicillin and pantoprazole triple therapy.The clinical efficacy,clinical symptoms disappeared time and adverse reactions occurred in the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 96％,which of the control group was 94％,the difference between two groups was not significant (x2 =0.421,P ＞ 0.05).The disappear time of abdominal pain,belching,burning and bleeding in the observation group after treatment were significantly shorter than those of the control group(t =35.545,56.680,98.896,61.109,all P ＜ 0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reaction of the observation group(5.0％) had no significant difference compared with the control group(7.0％) (x2 =0.354,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion There is no significant difference in efficacy and safety between pantoprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of elderly patients with peptic ulcer,but the effect of pantoprazole on relieving symptoms is better than omeprazole.

Objective To use the nested PCR technology to diagnose and identify a case of imported Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies .Methods Blood sample was collected from 1 case of initially diagnosed imported tertian malaria and performed the ex‐amination of microscopy ,rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) and nested‐PCR .Moreover the sequencing was conduced .Results RDTs showed the negative result ;the ring form and trophozoite of Plasmodium could be observed in the blood smear by microscopy ;the Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies specific primer rOVA 1v/rOVA2v was adopted for conducting nested PCR ,the specicific am‐plification band appeared at 760 bp ,after sequencing and Blast aligning ,its coincidence with the partial sequence of Plasmodium ovale wallikeri subspecies in the Genbank database was 99% .Conclusion This patient is the first case of Plasmodium ovale wallik‐eri subspecies infection in Hubei province by nested PCR and sequencing analysis .

Objective To develop a nomogram for the use of predicting renal outcomes of Chinese lupus nephritis (LN) patients.Methods From January 1,2005 to October 1,2015,513 patients with biopsy-proven LN in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were enrolled into this study.Renal outcomes were defined as end-stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine.Demographic characteristics,laboratory data,and pathologic data were recorded and included for analysis.Nomograms were designed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression to predict the non-outcome renal survival in 5 and 8 year according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and continuous reclassification net improvement (cNRI).Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the models were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve.Results During a median follow up of 48 (24,71) months,44 patients (8.58％) reached the endpoint.1-year,5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival were 97.57％,92.89％,79.89％ respectively.According to multivariate Cox regression,four nomograms including index for baseline renal function,pathologic severity,and response to treatment were designed.The best model,within which included eGFR was lower than 30 ml · min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1(HR=4.44,95％ CI 2.16-9.13,P ＜ 0.01),percentage of global glomerulosclerosis was higher (HR=12.28,95％CI 3.58-42.13,P ＜ 0.01) and partial remission occurred after 6-month induction treatment (HR=9.16,95％ CI 4.71-17.82,P ＜ 0.01) demonstrated good discrimination to predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival [C-index,0.80(95％CI 0.81-0.91),0.76(95％CI 0.68-0.85),respectively].The nomogram based on above model also performed good calibration.Conclusion The nomogram based on patients' baseline eGFR,percentage of global glomerulosclerosis,and treatment reaction after 6-month induction therapy can accurately predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival in Chinese lupus nephritis patients.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,so as to provide the evidence for formulating the effective malaria elimination strategies and measures in this province. Methods The data from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014. Results A total of 997 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province from 2010 to 2014,there were 618 cases of vivax malaria,352 cases of falciparum malaria,18 cases of Plasmodium ovale infection,and 9 cases of Plasmodium malariae infec?tion. Among all the reported cases,479 were local cases and 518 were imported cases. No local malaria cases were reported from Hubei Province since 2013. The overall imported malaria cases showed a gradual increasing trend from 2010 to 2014,the pro?portion of falciparum malaria increased quite significantly from 2010 to 2014. The malaria cases were mainly distributed in Xiangyang,Wuhan,Xiaogan,Yichang,Jingmen and Suizhou cities,reaching 81.85%of the cases of the whole province. There were 810 male cases and 187 female cases,with a sex ratio of 4.33∶1. The local malaria cases were mainly aged from 40 to 69 years,accounted for 78.29%of the total local cases,and 88.22%(457/518)of the whole local cases were concentrated in 20-49 age groups. The local cases were mainly farmers(67.01%). Among the imported malaria cases,the occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker,migrant worker,and farmer(63.90%). Conclusions The local malaria epidemic situation has been effectively controlled in Hubei Province,which reflects the initiative achievements of malaria elimination. However, there are still many imported malaria cases from abroad. Therefore,the imported malaria from abroad still remains the key of ma?laria control in Hubei Province.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and practice levels on infectious disease among primary and middle school students, so as to provide a basis for targeted infectious disease in health education and infectious disease prevention and control in schools. Methods: The stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 25 670 primary and middle school students from 6 urban area and 10 suburban area in Beijing from October to November in 2020. A questionnaire survey on knowledge and practice of students related to infectious disease prevention and control was conducted using the questionnaire compiled by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chisquare test was used for group comparison. Results: During the past two weeks, 8.64% students reported sickness absence. The awareness rates of knowledge on infectious disease were 37.64%-93.56%, and the formation rates of practice on infectious disease were between 62.22%-98.74%. The overall awareness rate of knowledge on infectious diseases was 58.58%, and the overall formation tate of practice on infectious disease prevention was 78.19%, with boys (54.14%,73.67%) lower than girls (63.25%,82.94%),urban areas (62.88%,79.12%) higher than suburbans areas (55.30%,77.48%), vocational high school studengs (43.51%,68.13%) lower than nonvocational high school students (elementary school: 56.05%, 85.19%; middle school: 61.66%, 78.63%; high school: 66.72%, 72.77% ), residential students (55.21%,71.59%) lower than nonresidential students (59.32%,79.64%), students living with parents (59.22%,79.30%) higher than those not with parents (54.60%,71.34%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=219.08, 148.95, 514.34, 26.44, 27.12; 323.26, 9.91, 536.11, 144.32, 114.11, P<0.05). Conclusions The levels of knowledge and practice regarding relative infectious disease among primary and middle school needs to be improved. Health education on the weak links in knowlege and practice of infectious disease prevention and control should be strengthened to reduce the incidence and transmission of infectious diseases.

Abstract Flood disasters are the common public health emergencies, mainly leading to environmental damage, water pollution, food pollution, vector breeding, infectious disease epidemic and other risk factors of sanitary and anti epidemic work. The guideline has been formulated with reference to the technical documents such as Guideline for Environmental Sanitation Disposal and Preventive Disinfection in Flooded Areas and Technical Proposal for Sanitary and Anti epidemic Measures after Flood Disasters, as well as the latest research progress at home and abroad. In order to guide the sanitary and anti epidemic measures in flooded areas, protect the health and safety of students and teachers and ensure the normal educational and teaching order, the guideline introduces the key measures that should be taken by schools, teachers and students in flood striken areas.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017. Methods: Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ² test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182). Conclusions The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.

Objective To understand the number and prevalence of chronic filariasis patients in Hubei Province, and to provide a basis for effective care for patients. Methods The chronic filariasis patients registered in Hubei Province were interviewed to investigate the general condition of patients, the results of previous microfilaria examinations, and the current clinical symptoms, signs and onset of illness. Results A total of 487 chronic filariasis patients were investigated. The youngest was 32 years old, the oldest was 97 years old, and the average age was 76 years old. The 80-89 years old group had the largest number, accounting for 44.97%. The male accounted for 46.61%, and the female accounted for 54.39%. The occupation was dominated by farmers, accounting for 89.94%. Patients with lymphangitis accounted for 72.28%, with dermatitis accounted for 89.12%, with chyluria accounted for 11.29%, and with hydrocele accounted for 6.16%. Among the 352 patients with lymphangitis/lymphadenitis, the site of the attack was mainly at groin and lower limbs, accounting for 96.02%. Among the 433 patients with lymphedema/elephantiasis, the disease staging of the left and right legs was mainly concentrated in stage I-III, and there was no stage VII patient. Among the 55 patients with chyluria, the dysuria accounted for 30.91%. Of the 30 patients with hydrocele, 17 had tenderness, and 8 had positive light transmission tests. Conclusions Chronic filariasis patients in Hubei Province gradually decreased with the natural attrition. More care should be given by CDC at all levels and primary medical units to patients with chronic filariasis to alleviate their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Since the filariasis has not been eliminated globally, it is still necessary to strengthen the surveillance of migrant workers who go abroad to filariasis-endemic areas.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the application of Wondfo Rapid Diagnostic Kit (RDTs) in the diagnosis of imported malaria cases in the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence. Methods The complete blood samples of malaria cases and negative card deletion cases reported in Hubei Province from January 2015 to June 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. The results of the provincial malaria reference laboratory were used as the standard, and were compared with those results detected by RDTs, microscopic examination and nested PCR. The differences were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 440 complete samples were collected by the Malaria Reference Laboratory of Hubei Provence, of which 418 samples were confirmed as positive, and 22 samples were confirmed as negative. In terms of the identification ability of P. falciparum, RDTs performed the best, with a coincidence rate of 100.00%, and the coincidence rates nested PCR and microscopic examination were 97.49% and 91.40%, respectively. In terms of the identification specificity for another 3 species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. ovarian and P. vivax), nested PCR was the best, the microscopy method was the second best, and RDTs was the lowest. Based on the comprehensive analysis of 12 individual indicators, RDTs had the highest score (32), while the microscopic examination and nested PCR scored 24 and 19, respectively. Conclusion RDTs had certain advantages in the detection of malaria, but they had a low identification specificity for different species. Thus, they can be used as auxiliary tools for microscopic examination and widely used in surveillance work after malaria elimination in Hubei Province.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis of imported Plasmodium malariae and P. ovale malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Henan Province from 2014 to 2021, so as to provide insights into malaria control in these five provinces. Methods All data pertaining to malaria cases reported in five provinces of China were captured from Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System from 2014 to 2021, and the epidemiological characteristics of imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were analysed using a descriptive epidemiological method. The duration from onset of malaria to initial diagnosis, duration from initial diagnosis to definitive diagnosis, institutions of initial and definitive diagnoses, and proportion of correct malaria diagnosis at initial diagnosis were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1 223 imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were reported in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Henan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2021, there were 158 P. malariae malaria cases (12.92%) and 1 065 P. ovale malaria cases (87.08%). Totally 98.53% (1 205/1 223) of the imported malaria cases were from Africa, with Angola (18.99%, 30/158), Nigeria (11.39%,18/158), Cameroon (10.76%, 17/158), Ghana (10.13%, 16/158) and the Democratic Republic of the Congo (10.13%,16/158) as predominant countries where P. malariae malaria cases were from, and Ghana (23.19%, 247/1 065), Cameroon (14.74%, 157/1 065), Nigeria (9.39%, 100/1 065) and Angola (6.95%, 74/1 065) as predominant countries where P. ovale malaria cases were from. There were significant differences in the duration from onset of malaria to initial diagnosis (χ² = 27.673, P = 0.000) and duration from initial diagnosis to definitive diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases (χ² = 29.808, P = 0.000), and the proportions of correct initial diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases were 38.61% (61/158) and 56.53% (602/1 065). There were 74.69% (118/158) of P. malariae malaria cases with definitive diagnosis in county-, city-, and province-level medical institutions, and 79.25% (844/1 065) of P. ovale malaria cases with definitive diagnosis in county- and city-level medical institutions and county-level centers for disease control and prevention. Conclusions The imported P. malariae and P. ovale malaria cases in Anhui Province, Hubei Province, Zhejiang Province, Henan Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2014 to 2021 were mainly returned from Africa and the proportion of correct diagnosis of P. malariae and P. ovale malaria was low at initial diagnosis. Persistent improvements in the diagnostic capability of malaria are required in medical institutions.