Objective To observe the hematocyte change in patients peripheral blood with severe hepatitis and to investigate its causes and clinical significance.Methods Partial parameters of peripheral blood cell in 65 patients with severe hepatitis and 52 normal individuals were analysed using blood cell counter.Results WBC number in patients with severe hepatitis was significantly higher than that in normal individuals[(8.13±4.33)×109/L vs(6.02±1.07)×109/L,P＜0.01],and PLT,PCT,MPV,PDW,RBC and Hb in the patients with severe hepatitis Were also significantly lower than that in normal individuals(P＜0.01).Conclusions Severe hepatitis can cause the hematocyte changes.It is essential to examine the hematocyte parameters in diagnosis and therapy of severe hepatitis.

Objective To compare the different expressions of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) and its type one receptor(TGFβR1) between primary pancreatic cancer cell line AsPC-1 and metastatic pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3. Methods The mRNA expressions of TGFβ1 and TGFβR1 in AsPC-1 and BxPC-3 pancreatic carcer cell lines were quantatitived by real-time RT-PCR. The protein levels of TGFβ1 and TGFβR1 in these two cell lines were measured by Western blot assay. Results Compared with the primary pancreatic cancer cell AsPC-1, the mRNA and protein expressions of TGFβ1 and TGFβR1 were much higher in BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells(P<0.05). Conclusions Upregulations of TGFβ1 and TGFβR1 might be a pivotal incidence in the procedure of malignant progressing and metastasis in pancreatic cancer cells.

Objective To develop a nomogram for the use of predicting renal outcomes of Chinese lupus nephritis (LN) patients.Methods From January 1,2005 to October 1,2015,513 patients with biopsy-proven LN in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were enrolled into this study.Renal outcomes were defined as end-stage renal disease or doubling of serum creatinine.Demographic characteristics,laboratory data,and pathologic data were recorded and included for analysis.Nomograms were designed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression to predict the non-outcome renal survival in 5 and 8 year according to the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and continuous reclassification net improvement (cNRI).Predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the models were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve.Results During a median follow up of 48 (24,71) months,44 patients (8.58％) reached the endpoint.1-year,5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival were 97.57％,92.89％,79.89％ respectively.According to multivariate Cox regression,four nomograms including index for baseline renal function,pathologic severity,and response to treatment were designed.The best model,within which included eGFR was lower than 30 ml · min-1 · (1.73 m2)-1(HR=4.44,95％ CI 2.16-9.13,P ＜ 0.01),percentage of global glomerulosclerosis was higher (HR=12.28,95％CI 3.58-42.13,P ＜ 0.01) and partial remission occurred after 6-month induction treatment (HR=9.16,95％ CI 4.71-17.82,P ＜ 0.01) demonstrated good discrimination to predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival [C-index,0.80(95％CI 0.81-0.91),0.76(95％CI 0.68-0.85),respectively].The nomogram based on above model also performed good calibration.Conclusion The nomogram based on patients' baseline eGFR,percentage of global glomerulosclerosis,and treatment reaction after 6-month induction therapy can accurately predict 5-year and 8-year non-outcome renal survival in Chinese lupus nephritis patients.

Objective To investigate characteristics of glucose metabolism of non-obese and obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods From May 2006 to April 2009, 1928 PCOS patients treated in Reproductive Medicine Center of Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University were enrolled in this study, which were divided into 901 cases [body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2] in obese group and 1027 cases in non-obese (BMI < 25 kg/m2) group. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), oral glucose tolerance test, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) were compared between the two groups. Results (1) Blood glucose levels: at the time of fasting, 30, 60, 120 and 180 minutes, the levels of glucose were (5. 3±1.1), (9. 0±2. 4), (9. 3±4. 4),(7.5±2.8) ,(5.3±1.8)mmol/L in obese group and (5.0±0. 8) ,(8.4±3.5),(8.0±4.2),(6.5±3.2) ,(4. 9±1.6) mmol/L in non-obese group, which all showed statistical difference at every time point (P < 0. 01). (2)The level of insulin: at the time of fasting, 30, 60, 120 min, the level of insulin were (13±7), (81±51), (102±65), (83±63) mU/L in obese group and (8±5) ,(57±35) ,(62±44),(46±39) mU/L in non-obese group, which all showed statistical differenceatevery time point (P <0. 01). However, at time point of 180 minutes, the level of insulin did not exhibit significantly difference between obese and non-obese group (P > 0. 05). (3) The prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism: the rate of IFG was 4. 98% (96/1928). The rate of abnormal glucose tolerance was 23. 08% (445/1928). The rate of IGT were 13.05% (134/1027) in non-obese group and 24. 20% (218/901) in obese group,which also showed remarkable difference (P < 0. 01). The rate of T2DM were 2. 53% (26/1027) in nonobese group and 7.44% (67/901) in obese group, which reached significant difference (P < 0. 01).Conclusion Abnormal glucose metabolism was observed more frequently in overweight or obese PCOS women.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of low dose and short-term oral rifaximin in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) related irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: From June 2017 to June 2018, at the Department of Gastroenterology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University in Shanghai, a total of 37 patients with SIBO related IBS were sequentially enrolled and divided into three groups: diarrhea type, constipation type and mixed type. All the patients received rifaximin 200 mg each time, three times per day for 14 days. The clinical efficacy before and after treatment were compared by the scores of irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS) and irritable bowel syndrome associated quality of life (IBS-QoL). The efficacy of rifaximin on SIBO clearance and SIBO related chronic low-grade inflammation was evaluated by lactulose breath test (LBT) and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). T test and variance analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 39 patients with SIBO related IBS, 24 patients were diarrhea type, seven were constipation type and six were mixed type. Except one patient quitted the study because of chest tightness and palpitation, the IBS-SSS score of the left 36 patients before treatment was (250.83±55.10), and decreased to (151.11±33.96), and the difference was statistically significant (t=13.686, P<0.01). Before treatment the score of IBS-QoL was (28.03±16.16), and decreased to (14.39±9.31) after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.867, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL scores among the diarrhea type, constipation type and mixed type groups (all P>0.05). After treated by rifaximin, the negative conversion rate of SIBO was 52.8%(19/36). The negative conversion rate of hydrogen LBT was 54.5%(12/22) and among 11 methane LBT positive patients, six cases turned negative; and one of three patients with both positive hydrogen LBT and methane LBT turned negative. The negative conversion rate of eNO was 41.7%(15/36). Conclusions Low dose and short term rifaximin treatment can improve the severity of clinical symptoms and quality of life in SIBO-related IBS patients, and the efficacy is not related with the subtypes of IBS.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of infectious diseases in schools in Beijing in 2010-2017 academic years, and to provide the reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods: Based in Disease Surveillance Information System, students aged 6-22 years were selected in 2010-2017 academic year into this descriptive analysis, and the legal infectious diseases and the intensively monitored diseases of surveillance system in Beijing were included. Results: From 2010 to 2017 academic years, the incidence rate of notifiable and certain monitored infectious diseases declined from 1 213.48/100 000 to 749.30/100 000, the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases declined from 718.19/100 000 to 523.50/100 000. There was no report of category A. The top 4 infectious diseases of category B were scarlet fever(80.13/100 000), bacillary dysentery(74.42/100 000), tuberculosis(22.70/100 000) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)(4.03/100 000). The top 4 diseases of category C were other infectious diarrhea(157.62/100 000), hand foot and mouth disease(100.55/100 000), influenza(51.39/100 000)and mumps(49.47/100 000). The other particular monitored infectious disease was mainly chicken pox(296.04/100 000). The prevalence of AIDS and influenza increased significantly in recent years. The main infectious diseases in primary and junior school students were scarlet fever, hand foot and mouth disease, influenza, and in high school and college students were AID, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis. Conclusion In the 2010-2017 academic year , the number and incidence of notifiable infectious diseases and particular monitored infectious diseases among students in Beijing showed an overall downward trend. The main diseases among students in Beijing are scarlet fever, bacillary dysentery, infectious diarrhea and chicken pox. Prevention and control of AIDS, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis in high school and college students should be paid special attention.

Objective: To investigate knowledge and behaviors towards infectious diseases and factors associated with school absence for health reasons among primary and middle school students across 10 provinces in China, and to provide a reference for conducting a targeted health education of infectious disease and improving the controling and preventing levels of infectious disease in schools. Methods: Stratified multistage sampling was used in this self-administered, anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 17 042 primary and middle school students across 10 provinces during Mar. to Dec. 2013. Multivariate Logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with school absence for health reasons. Results: About 57.1% of all the participants reported infectious disease-related symptoms including fever, cough, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as well as rash during the past two weeks; 42.4% reported absence from school for health reasons during the past year. The awareness rate of infectious diseases was between 42.5%-87.8%, and reported rates of behaviors towards infectious disease prevention were between 28.8%-97.7%. Living with parents(OR=0.91, 95%CI=0.84-0.99), higher father’s education level(OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.81-0.95), higher mother’s education level(OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.79-0.92), adequate knowledge and behavior towards infectious disease prevention (OR=0.97, 95%CI=0.96-0.98) and living in eastern areas (OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.83-0.98) were significantly associated with school absence for health reasons during the past year. Conclusion Knowledge and behaviors towards infectious diseases among primary and secondary school remains to be improved. Education on infectious disease prevention should be strengthened in schools to prevent the transmission and prevalence of infectious diseases.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and practice levels on infectious disease among primary and middle school students, so as to provide a basis for targeted infectious disease in health education and infectious disease prevention and control in schools. Methods: The stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 25 670 primary and middle school students from 6 urban area and 10 suburban area in Beijing from October to November in 2020. A questionnaire survey on knowledge and practice of students related to infectious disease prevention and control was conducted using the questionnaire compiled by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chisquare test was used for group comparison. Results: During the past two weeks, 8.64% students reported sickness absence. The awareness rates of knowledge on infectious disease were 37.64%-93.56%, and the formation rates of practice on infectious disease were between 62.22%-98.74%. The overall awareness rate of knowledge on infectious diseases was 58.58%, and the overall formation tate of practice on infectious disease prevention was 78.19%, with boys (54.14%,73.67%) lower than girls (63.25%,82.94%),urban areas (62.88%,79.12%) higher than suburbans areas (55.30%,77.48%), vocational high school studengs (43.51%,68.13%) lower than nonvocational high school students (elementary school: 56.05%, 85.19%; middle school: 61.66%, 78.63%; high school: 66.72%, 72.77% ), residential students (55.21%,71.59%) lower than nonresidential students (59.32%,79.64%), students living with parents (59.22%,79.30%) higher than those not with parents (54.60%,71.34%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=219.08, 148.95, 514.34, 26.44, 27.12; 323.26, 9.91, 536.11, 144.32, 114.11, P<0.05). Conclusions The levels of knowledge and practice regarding relative infectious disease among primary and middle school needs to be improved. Health education on the weak links in knowlege and practice of infectious disease prevention and control should be strengthened to reduce the incidence and transmission of infectious diseases.

Objective: To analyze the status of health risk behaviors among middle school students in Beijing City from 2018 to 2022, in order to provide reference for scientific and effective intervention. Methods: Using multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method,data of student health and associated factors monitoring among 84 712 middle school students from 16 districts of Beijing during 2018 to 2022 were compared regarding the differences of health risk behaviors among students in different groups by Chi quare test. And their change trends were evaluated by annual percentage change (APC). Results: In the five surveys during 2018 to 2022,reporting rates of unhealthy diet, unintentional injury, intentional injury, substance abuse and Internet addiction (only in 2018 and 2020) behaviors were higher in boys than in girls ( χ 2=4.91-297.52, P ＜0.05).Reporting rate of physical inactivity behavior in girls was higher than that in boys ( χ 2=56.49-160.88, P ＜0.05). Reporting rates of unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, unintentional injury (except 2021), substance abuse and Internet addiction (only in 2018 and 2019) behaviors were the highest in vocational high school, followed by general high school, and the lowest in junior middle school ( χ 2=23.30-1 285.98, P ＜0.01). Intentional injury behavior was highest in junior high school, followed by vocational high school, and lowest in general high school ( χ 2=96.18-378.32, P ＜0.01).Reporting rate of Internet addiction (2020-2022) behavior was highest in general high school, followed by vocational high school, and lowest in junior high school ( χ 2=16.93-60.11, P＜0.01). Reporting rates of unhealthy diet, intentional injury (2020 and 2022) and substance abuse (except 2018) behaviors were higher in suburban areas than in urban areas (χ 2=6.70-117.56, P＜0.05). Reporting rates of physical inactivity, unintentional injury, intentional injury (2018 and 2019) and Internet addiction behaviors were higher in urban areas than in suburban areas (χ2=3.90-130.80, P＜0.05). Standardized rates of unintentional injury, intentional injury, substance abuse and Internet addiction behaviors showed a statistically significant downward trend from 2018 to 2022 (APC=-14.16, -13.43, -16.03, -8.48, t =-6.94, -4.46, -11.98, -4.36, P ＜0.05). Conclusions During 2018-2022, unintentional injury, intentional injury, substance abuse and Internet addiction behaviors of middle school students in Beijing City have improved, and the reporting rates of unhealthy diet and physical inactivity behaviors are high and don t show a downward trend. Efforts should be made to strengthen intervention in unhealthy diet and physical inactivity behaviors among middle school students, in order to reduce the occurrence of health risk behaviors.

Objective: To analyze the current status and related factors of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing, so as to provide a basis for comprehensive public health interventions for common diseases. Methods: Through stratified cluster random sampling in October 2022, a total of 11 262 junior high school, senior high school, and vocational high school students in 16 districts of Beijing were surveyed with self administered questionnaires, physical examinations and visual acuity examinations. The χ 2 test and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze group differences in the comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression symptoms and factors influencing the comorbidity. Stratified analysis was applied to analyze the associations between health risk behaviors and the comorbidity. Results: The detection rate of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing was 3.35%, the comorbidity rate among vocational high school students (4.61%) was higher than that in junior high school students (2.80%) and senior high school students (3.41%). The comorbidity rate was higher among students in suburban areas (3.66%) than that in urban areas (2.92%), and the differences was statistically significant ( χ 2=15.02, 4.63, P <0.05). Binary Logistic regression analyses indicated that middle school students with poor dietary behaviors ( OR =1.59) and excessive screen time ( OR =1.70) were associated with elevated risk of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms. Both boys and girls with poor dietary behaviors ( OR =1.63, 1.69) and excessive screen time ( OR =1.45, 2.23) had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia, obesity and depression symptoms. Students in junior high school and senior high school with poor dietary behaviors ( OR =2.16, 1.47) and excessive screen time ( OR =2.20, 1.63 ) had elevated likelihood of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms ( P <0.05). Conclusions The current status of comorbidity of myopia, obesity, and depression symptoms among middle school students in Beijing is concerning. Schools and parents should work together to guide students to develop healthy behaviors such as balanced diet and moderate video, in order to achieve the goal of controlling myopia, obesity and depression symptoms.